OBJECTIVE:To study the optimal monitoring indexes of plasma concentration of cyclosporine A(CsA) in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.METHODS:The lowest CsA concentration(C0) and the highest CsA concentration(C2) in 23 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients were detected by FPIA.All the data were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Within 6 months after hematopoietic stem cell transplanttion,C0,C2,C0+C2 and C2/C0 in the recipients were(228.84?142.48) ?g?L-1,(741.50?294.42) ?g?L-1,(970.34?391.18) ?g?L-1 and(3.88?1.94) ?g?L-1,respectively.CONCLUSION:As reasonable monitoring indexes for the plasma concentration of CsA,C0+C2 and C2/C0 can comprehensively reflect the exposure of drug in body and monitor the toxicity of CsA in liver and kidney.

A slight halophilic denitrifying bacteria(designated GYL)was screened from the activated sludge which was used to treat high-salinity wastewater.According to the results of morphological observation,physiological and biochemical test,sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA,strain GYL was identified as Halo-monas sp..This strain could survive at 10% salinity and the optimal salinity range for growth was 2%~7%.The suitable pH value for growth was 7.5~8.5 and sucrose was the most effective carbon source.The nitro-gen removal efficiency exceeded 80% when the temperature ranged from 25?C to 30?C.Meanwhile hetero-trophic nitrification characteristics of this strain were measured.Results showed that this strain was able to realize SND and ammonia removal rate was 98.3%.It showed that this strain could perform the whole proc-ess of bacteria denitrification independently.

BACKGROUND:Recovery of motor and sensory function from peripheral nerve injury is relatively slow and incomplete. It is a difficult problem for orthopedic surgeons that mainly leads to the decline in the quality of life in patients.
OBJECTIVE: To conclude the methods and corresponding outcomes in peripheral nerve regeneration by analyzing the new treatment means for peripheral nerve injury.
METHODS:PubMed, Wanfang, CNKI databases were retrieved for relevant articles using key words of “nerve injury, regeneration”, and then retrieval data were sorted and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In recent years, in-depth studies on peripheral nerve repair have been made in the folowing aspects: surgical mode, drug, cytokine, gene transfer and biomaterials as wel as traditional Chinese medicine. If the detect size is four times longer than the diameter of nerves, the nerve regeneration chamber can achieve good outcomes. The methods of restoring nerve continuity folowing nerve injury are developed from surgical anastomosis to photochemohistological method, thermal laser welding, plastic repair and other emerging technologies. Studies have found that plasminogen activator, nerve growth factor, neurotrophic factor, recombinant erythropoietin, human tissue kalikrein, B vitamins and their derivatives, herbal preparations, immunosuppressive agents al can promote nerve regeneration.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that craniocerebral injury can promote the repair of sciatic nerve injury in rats, but its precise mechanism remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To further explore the action mechanism of craniocerebral injury on the repair of sciatic nerve injury using morphology and histology.
METHODS:Sixty specific-pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups. Rats with craniocerebral injury and sciatic nerve injury were considered as the experimental group. Rats with simple sciatic nerve injury were considered as the control group. Classical Feeney method was used in models of craniocerebral injury and SunderlandV sciatic nerve injury. At 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, sciatic nerve index was detected. Masson staining and NF200 immunofluorescence staining were used to observethe nerve regeneration atthe anstomotic site. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the number of regenerative axons.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 8 and 12 weeks after modeling, compared with the control group, gait and sciatic nerve index recovered better in the experimental group. In the experimental group, Masson staining showed fewer nerve membrane colagen fibers, and the axon arranged neatly.NF200 immunohistochemistry showed that in the experimental group, the density of regenerated nerves was high, and nerveswere regularly distributed. Transmission electron microscopy showed that in the experimental group, regenerative axons were regularly arranged, colagen scar was less, and myelin layer arranged regularly. Results suggested that the craniocerebral injury in rats may promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury by reducing scar colagen in nerve endings.

Objective To analyze the features of bone minimal density and bone quantitative ultrasound in men with different osteoporotic risk graded by osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asian (OSTA).Methods After exclude the secondary osteoporosis,724 subjects over 50 years old were involved.The parameters of hight,weight,quantitative ultrasound index (QUI),QUS-T score were examined.The bone density (BMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)in 120 elderly men.All subjects were grouped into low (osteoporotic) risk group,moderate risk group and high risk group by OSTA index.120 subjects measured BMD were grouped into normal bone mass group,osteopenia group and osteoporosis group by WHO standard.The differences and correlation analysis in BMD,QUST,and QUI between these groups were analysed.Results The percents of low risk people,moderate risk people and high risk people were 56.4％ (408 cases),28.2％ (204cases),15.5％ (112 cases),respectively.There were 30.0％ (36 cases) normal bone mass people,58.3％ (70 cases) osteopenia people and 11.7％ (14 cases) osteoporosis people in groups measured BMD.QUS-T score,QUI were gradually decreased in groups of low risk,moderate risk and high risk (-0.56±1.09,-0.88±-1.28,-1.21±1.40; 98.47±19.04,92.62±22.49,87.68±24.43; all P ＜0.05) and had statistical significant differences between low risk and moderate risk,high risk groups,while had no differences between moderate risk and high risk groups.The femoral neck BMD and total BMD were gradually decreased in all the three groups (0.89±0.12,0.85±0.10,0.77± 0.10; 1.0±0.15,0.93 ± 0.11,0.83±0.1; all P＜0.01).Osteoporosis in the three groups were 3.4％ (2 cases),13.0％ (6 cases),37.5％ (6 cases),respectively and osteoporosis percents in moderate risk group and high risk group were higher compared with low risk group (x2=11.77,P＜0.01).QUS-T score and QUI decreased gradually in groups of normal mass,osteopenia and osteoporosis (0.99±0.08,-0.70±1.07,-1.96±0.73; 109.26±17.05,96.15±18.20,72.54±10.00; F=10.47,11.73,all P＜ 0.01).Except for lumbar BMD,a positive linear correlation emerged between OSTA and QUS-T score,QUI,hip BMD(all P＜0.01).The values of R with femoral neck BMD,torch BMD and total hip BMD were 0.45,0.38,0.39,respectively.And the same value with QUS-T score and QUI was 0.23.Conclusions With the decreasing of OSTA index,risk of osteoporosis is increased and QUS-T score,QUI and BMD are decreased gradually.There are positive linear correlation between OSTA index and QUS-T score,QUI,hip BMD.

AIMTo describe an unusual symptom of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSA patient presented to our urology clinic having experienced post-coital gross hematuria for 2 years. He had not experienced lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). A series of examinations were performed to determine the source of bleeding.

RESULTSThe prostate was defined as the active bleeding source responsible for the patient's post-coital hematuria. Endoscopic fulguration did not alleviate the symptom. The use of dutasteride, a dual inhibitor of 5alpha-reductase, solved the problem.

CONCLUSIONThis study reports for the first time that post-coital gross hematuria is one of the clinical presentations of BPH, which can be successfully treated with 5alpha-reductase inhibitor.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors ; Azasteroids ; therapeutic use ; Coitus ; physiology ; Dutasteride ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Hematuria ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Urinary Tract

AIMTo approach the protective effect of low dose gentamicin against high ototoxic dose of gentamicin.

METHODSThe guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: control group, low dose group, low dose protective group and high dose group. Each group received multiple intraperitoneal injections of gentamicin sulphate within different durations. Auditory brain stem response (ABR) was examined one day previous to the first and 24 h after the final injection respectively. The bulla was taken out so that the content of NO, MDA and the activity of LDH in cochlear were determined.

RESULTSThe threshold of ABR was significantly lower in low dose protective group compared with high dose group (P < 0.01). The content of NO (15.86 +/- 1.98 nmol/mg pro) and MDA (19.14 +/- 0.96 nmol/mg pro) in homogenate of high dose group was significantly higher than that of control group, low does group and low does protective group (P < 0.01). The increase of the content of NO and MDA induced by high dose GM could be significantly decreased by low dose GM administration previous to high dose injection (P < 0.01). The activity of LDH in homogenate of high dose group was significantly higher compared with control group, low dos group and low dos protective group (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference of content of NO and MDA among control group, low does group and low does protective group.

CONCLUSIONThe protective effects resulting from previous low dose administration to high dose injection of GM may be related to the decrease of content of NO and MDA and activity of LDH both of which induced by high dose GM.

Animals ; Cochlea ; metabolism ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; physiology ; Female ; Gentamicins ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Guinea Pigs ; Hearing Loss ; chemically induced ; prevention & control ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the histopathological features, complications, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP).

METHODSThe lung tissue sections from 14 autopsy cases of CWP were subjected to HE staining and observed under a light microscope, and a retrospective analysis was performed considering the occupational history and clinical features.

RESULTSThe 14 cases were 46-71 years of age (mean, 57.7 years). Two cases were diagnosed as dust reaction, 1 case as simple CWP (stage I anthracosilicosis), and 11 cases as complicated CWP (9 cases of stage II anthracosilicosis, 1 case of stage III anthracosilicosis, and 1 case of stage III silicosis). Twelve cases were complicated by chronic bronchitis and emphysema, 8 cases by pulmonary heart disease, 4 cases by pulmonary tuberculosis, 3 cases by liver cirrhosis and liver cancer with pulmonary metastases, and 2 cases by cerebral hemorrhage.

CONCLUSIONAmong patients with CWP, the pathological changes of lung tissue become more complex with increasing years of dust exposure. Coal macule is the common pathological feature of CWP, and dust nodules and massive fibrosis are the necessary indices of pathological diagnosis.

Aged ; Anthracosis ; complications ; pathology ; Coal Mining ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

Adolescent ; Child ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrillin-1 ; Fibrillins ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP), haplotypes and genotypes of mannan-binding lectin(MBL) gene in the Bai(Pai) nationality from YunNan province, China.Methods:The three SNP sites CGT52TGT, GGC54GAC and GGA57GAA(named alleles D, B and C respectively, wildtype named A) in exon1 of MBL gene of 70 DNA samples of Bai nationality whose three SNP sites, -550G/C, -221C/G and +4C/T(named alleles H/L, X/Y and P/Q respectively), in promoter region of MBL gene had been clear, haplotypes and genotypes of MBL genes were detected and analyzed by sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction.Results:It was found that in Bais population, the frequency of alleles B was 0.100, there only were five haplotypes, HYPA, LXPA, LYQA, LYPA and LYPB, whose frequencies were 0.250, 0.107, 0.407, 0.135 and 0.100 respectively, the frequencies of several genotypes were LYPA/LYPA 0.043, LXPA/LYQA 0.143, LYPA/LYPB 0.014, HYPA/LYQA 0.086, LYPA/ LYQA 0.157, HYPA/LYPA 0.014, LYPB/LYQA 0.143, HYPA/LYPB 0.043, LXPA/LXPA 0.014, HYPA/LXPA 0.043, LYQA/LYQA 0.143 and HYPA/HYPA 0.157.Conclusion:In the MBL genes in Bais population, there is the allele B, the polymorphism haplotypes are mostly LYQA and HYPA, and the genotypes, LYPA/LYQA, HYPA/HYPA, LXPA/LYQA, LYPB/LYQA and LYQA/LYQA.