Embryonic stem cells(ESCs),a kind of totipotent cells,can differentiate into cell type of the 3 germ layers.Adult stem cells(ASCs) are pluripotent stem cells,which can self-renew and transdifferentiate into a completely different tissue derivative cells.Thus ASCs can transdifferentiate into germ cells in a certain condition.Great progress has made for the study on human ESCs.However,use of ESCs faces the immunological rejection,oncogenicity and ethical controversies problems,and these limit their uses for treatment of human diseases.On contrast,ASCs can advoid these problems,and they may have a better perspective.Germ cells as carriers of genetic materials,are worth of studying.If male germ cells can be derived from ASCs,this will open the possibilities for the use of these cells for male infertillty in clinical application.In this review,we will introduce the progress on derivation of male germ cells from ESCs and ASCs.

AIM: To determinate the content of verbascoside in Shenqiyinao Capsules (Fructus Lycii, Herba Cistanches, Rhizoma Polygonati, etc.). METHODS: Waters C 18 column was used and acetonitrile-methyl alcohol-1% acetic acid solution was used as a mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 334nm. RESULTS: The linear range was in the range of 0.206～1.85?g, and the average recovery was 96.6% and RSD was 2.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method can prevent from impurities effectively and can be applied to the quality control of Shenqiyinao Capsules.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Dexamethasone ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; blood ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Cardiomyopathies ; complications ; Diverticulum ; complications ; Hematoma ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Humans ; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels ; TRPC Cation Channels ; Vasodilation

OBJECTIVETo establish social stress induced depression-like model in mice of C57BL/6 strain, and to assess its reliability using differenf behavioral methods.

METHODSTotally 20 male mice of C57BL/6 strain were divided into the normal group and the stress model group by random digit table,10 in each group. Another 10 CD1 mice were subjected to social stress. Mice in the normal control group received no stress, while those in the model group received social stress for 10 successive days. Behavioral assessment was performed using social interaction test (SIT), the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, tail suspension test (TST), respectively. Serum cortisol level was detected by ELISA to assess the reliability of the model.

RESULTSIn the social interaction test when the social target (CDI mice) was inexistent, mice in the normal control group spent longer time in the social interaction zone and less time in the corner zone (P < 0.05); mice in the model group spent less time in the social interaction zone and more time in the corner zone (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group when CDI mice existed, mice in the model group spent less time in the social interaction zone and more time in the corner zone (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the total times for entry into open arms, close arms, and the maze were obviously reduced (P < 0.05), and the proportion of entering open arms was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the model group. In TST, the motionless time within the last 4 mm was prolonged in the model group (P < 0.05). The serum cortisol level in the model group was obviously elevated (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSocial stress induced depression-like animal model in mice of C57BL/6 straineasquite reliable and possibly suitable to be used in integrative medicine research of combination of disease and syndrome model.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Depression ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Social Behavior ; Stress, Psychological

The course of pharmaceutical analysis for pharmacy undergraduate students in National University of Singapore and China Pharmaceutical University was compared, in terms of curriculum, lecturing, assessment and practical teaching.This study provides in-depth analysis by the lecturers from both universities,and can provide reference for teaching reform and course construction of pharmaceutical analysis.

Objective To investigate the effects of dibutylphthalate (DBP) on the proliferation and apoptosis of HL-60 leukemic cells and to study its mechanism to purge leukemic cells.Methods The effects of DBP on proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells were measured by cell culture method. The effects on apoptosis were measured by the percentage of the apoptotic cells in morphology and of the DNA fragmentation and by DNA gel electrophoresis. The intracellular free Ca~(2+) concentration ([Ca~(2+)]i) of leukemic cells were measured by Fura-2AM method. The protein expressions of c-myc and bcl-2 genes of leukemic cells were measured by immunohistochemical assay.Results DBP could suppress the proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and induce them to die via apoptosis.It could elicit a intracellular Ca~(2+) redistribution and a potent extracellular calcium influx. It also down-regulated the protein expressions of c-myc and bcl-2 genes of HL-60 leukemic cells.Conclusion DBP can purge (HL-60) leukemic cells in vitro by increasing [Ca~(2+)]i of cells to initiate apoptosis and down-regulating bcl-2 and c-myc proto-gene expressions to promote cell apoptosis.

Adult ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; etiology ; therapy ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; surgery ; Rituximab

This study is to establish a cell-based model targeting to neuraminidase (NA) of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus. NA is an influenza virus structural protein with enzymatic activity of the cleavage of HA-sialic acid interaction to release new viral particles from cells. A model of HIV-1 (pNL4-3.Luc.R(-)E(-)) based pseudovirions packed with HA [hemagglutinin, A/VietNam/1203/2004 (H5N1)] and NA [A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)] was established to evaluate compounds activities on NA function. The viral release can be blocked by neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate, with IC50 of (61 +/- 31) nmol L(-1) and (5.5 +/- 2.9) nmol L(-1) respectively. A point mutation of H275Y on NA leads oseltamivir-resistance. This corresponding mutation was introduced into the system which was also confirmed by oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate.