Objective To establish a method for determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba. Methods UV-visible spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of the content of phenylethanoid glycosides compounds in Plantago Herba. HPLC method was used for the determination of acteoside in Plantago Herba. Chromatographic column with C18 ODS2 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) was used. Acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid (13:87) was as mobile phase; the flow rate was 1 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 332 nm; the column temperature was 30 ℃; the sample volume was 10 μL. Results The contents of phenylethanoid glycoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas were among 1.03%–3.47%. Acteoside with peak area over the 0.0062–1.55 mg range showed a good linear relationship; the sample recovery rate was 98.9%, and the RSD was 1.6%. The contents of acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas was among 0.18%–0.56%. Conclusion The method is simple, stable and reproducible, which can be used for the determination of phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba from different producing areas and provide experimental basis for quality control of Plantago Herba.

Objective: To determine total phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba to provide reference for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials.Methods: With acteoside as the control sample, a UV visible spectrophotometric method was used to determine total phenylethanoid glycosides in Plantago Herba.An HPLC method was applied to determine acteoside in Plantago Herba , and the conditions were as follows: an ODS2 C 18 (150 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm) chromatographic column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (13∶87) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 332nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the sample volume was 10 μl.Results: The reference solution and the sample solution had the maximum absorption at 332 nm, and the linear relationship was good within the range of 0.003 1-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 5).The content of total benzene alcohol glycosides in 3 batches of samples was 2.73% , 2.61% and 2.84% , respectively;acteoside over the range of 0.000 6-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 1) showed a good linear relationship with peak area,the sample recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 1.6% (n =6), and the acteoside content in 3 batches of samples respectively was 0.54% , 0.51% and 0.56%.Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of total phenylethanoid glycosides and acteoside in Plantago Herba.

Objective To study the changes of insulin- like growth factor- 1(IGF-1)in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in children with viral encephalitis (VE).Methods The IGF-1 levels in blood and CSF were determined before treatment by ELISA in 25 children who admitted with VE, including 15 cases with severe VE and another 10 cases with mild VE, 10 children served as con-trols. Results Before treatment, the blood IGF-1 levels in VE group were significantly lower than those of controls, but the CSF IGF-1 levels were significantly higher than those of controls(P0.05), but the blood IGF-1 levels in serve VE group were significanfly lower than those of mild VE group and controls(P

BACKGROUNDDilation resistance to stenting in non-calcified coronary plaques was compared in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in order to confirm the clinical usefulness of multislice computed tomography in examining coronary plaque type and to provide information pertaining to the effects of plaque type on dilatation resistance.

METHODSA retrospective analysis of 64-slice computed tomography coronary imaging data collected in the month prior to coronary stenting in 93 patients (65 male and 28 female, mean age of (57.22±7.22) years) was conducted. Non-calcified coronary plaques were divided into lipid-rich (lipid content >25% of plaque volume) and fibrous plaques according to the Hammer-Hansen S method: where lipids, fiber, and intraluminal components were indicated by contrast using Hu values of -100-49, 50-129, and >130, respectively. Clinical features, pre-dilatation balloon specifications and filling pressure, and stent size and release pressure were compared.

RESULTSHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were higher in the lipid-rich plaque group. In patients with typical symptoms, unstable angina was more commonly observed in the lipid-rich plaque group. No significant differences in low density lipoprotein, pre-dilatation balloon specifications, pre-dilatation pressure, or stent specifications were observed. Stent release pressure in the lipid-rich plaque group ((1130.16±202.04) kPa), was significantly lower than that observed in the fibrous plaque group ((1240.61±193.29) kPa, P = 0.009).

CONCLUSIONSofter, lipid-rich plaques exhibit lower dilation resistance during stenting in PCI patients.

C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To understand the prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing and associated factors among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City. Methods: From November to December, 2019, an anonymous electronic questionnaire was administered among 12 235 students in six colleges and universities in Zhuhai City by multistage sampling. A total of 1 789 college students ever had sex were selected. Pearsons Chisquare test and nonconditional Logistic regression model were applied to analyze the factors associated with uptake of HIV testing. Results: Among these students ever had sex, 7.55% (135/1 789) had been tested for HIV mainly through hospitals (71.85%). The main reasons for testing were regular testing (50.37%) and intending to know their infection status (23.70%). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that homosexual individuals (OR=4.62, 95%CI=1.07-19.95) and those who had heterosexual commercial sex in the past year (OR=3.77, 95%CI=1.96-7.26) were more likely to test for HIV, while female (OR=0.41, 95%CI=0.24-0.69) were less likely to test for HIV. Conclusion The proportion of HIV testing was low among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City. Interventions should be tailored including strengthening the HIV testing propaganda education and enhancing students awareness of HIV testing, and the influencing factors such as gender, sexual orientation and commercial sexual behavior should be taken into consideration, so as to improve the HIV testing coverage of this population.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevention and treatment of biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation.

METHODSClinical data of 183 recipients who had received liver transplantation between May 1995 and December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSBiliary complications occurred in 15 patients (15/183, 8.2%). The incidence for short-term and long-term complication were 6.0% (11/183) and 2.2% (4/183) respectively. No biliary complications was due to hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT). Four cases who received PTC(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) with stent insertion,8 cases who received ERCP( endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) with stent insertion and 1 who received Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy for anastomotic stricture were successfully cured. Two cases required relaparotomy died for fungus infection eventually. The mortality due to biliary complications was 1.1%.

CONCLUSIONSThe rapid combined abdominal organ harvesting technique could shorten the ischemia time and ameliorate the injury due to vascular and bile duct variances, which could reduce the incidence of biliary complication. PTC and (or) ERCP combined with stent insertion were main procedure for biliary complications not related to HAT after liver transplantation.

Adult ; Aged ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

Aged ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus ; diagnosis ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; ROC Curve

OBJECTIVESTo investigate a new targeting mechanical arm for CT-based navigated percutaneous fixation of pelvic fractures, and to evaluate the safety and efficiency of the procedures.

METHODSUsing CT-based 3D navigation software combined with targeting mechanical arm, percutaneous insertion of pelvic models (3 dry human cadaver pelvic skeletons and 5 plastic Sybone pelvic models) were performed, 8 pelvic models allowed percutaneous cannulated screw insertion of both S-I joint (2 S-I screws placement for each side, total 32 screws in this experiment) and both superior ramus (1 ramus medullary screw placement for each side, total 16 screws in this experiment). Percutaneous insertion of pelvic models (4 dry human cadaver pelvic skeletons and 4 plastic Sybone pelvic models, 1 S-I screws and 1 ramus medullary scre placement for each side, 32 screws in this experiment) were performed using fluoro-navigation system (Stryker, USA). Time necessary for every screw insertion were recorded. Accuracy of screw placement was assessed using C-arm imaging and direct eyes inspecting. The time and accuracy of the two methods were compared.

RESULTSThe time required for the CT-based 3D navigation procedure (3.6 ± 1.2) min was significantly less than using the targeting mechanical arm compared to drilling freehand with navigation (9.1 ± 0.8) min (t = 2.50, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in accuracy between the two methods.

CONCLUSIONCT-based 3D navigation software combined with targeting mechanical arm should be potential to apply percutaneous sacroiliac screwing for pelvic fractures with more accurate and more reliable.

Bone Screws ; Cadaver ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Pelvic Bones ; surgery ; Software ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

OBJECTIVETo develop a traction reductor for the reduction of lower limb fractures during the minimally invasive surgery and explore its safety and efficacy.

METHODSFrom February 2007 to March 2009, closed or limited open reduction plus percutaneous plate and screw internal-fixation were conducted in 34 patients with fracture of distal femur and tibia metaphysic, among which there were 3 distal femoral fractures (2 33-B, 1 33-C), 14 proximal tibial fractures (9 41-A, 3 41-B, 2 41-C) and 17 distal tibial fractures (9 43-A, 5 43-B, 3 43-C, 2 Gustilo I a), according to the Association for Osteosynthesis-Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO-OTA) classification. Besides, closed reduction plus interlocking intramedullary nailing on tibial shaft fracture were applied in 36 patients (7 42-A, 21 42-B, 8 42-C, 2 Gustilo I a). All the 70 patients, with an average age of 37.6 years (range: 17 to 63 years) and average time before surgery of 4.7 d (range: 0.7 to 12.0 d), underwent reduction by self-designed traction reductor for lower limb fracture in the surgery. The reduction duration and C-arm fluoroscopy time were recorded. Recovery of the force line of affected limbs after surgery was determined by whether the line from anterior superior iliac spine to the interdigit between the first and second toe-web passed the patella center. And the distance from bilateral anterior superior iliac spine to medial malleolus tip as well as the difference between lower limbs were recorded to determine the recovery of length after surgery. Meanwhile, the varus-valgus and anteroposterior angulations after reduction were measured by AP and lateral X-ray.

RESULTSThe reduction duration was 12.7 min (range: 7 to 31 min); X-ray fluoroscopy time, 1.3 min (range: 0.4 to 3.0 min); length difference between both lower limbs (6.5 ± 1.1) mm; and axial alignment difference (7.0 ± 1.8) mm. The X-ray result showed that varus-valgus angle was (2.75 ± 0.16)°; and anteroposterior angulation (5.13 ± 0.51)°.

CONCLUSIONThe traction reductor for lower limb fracture could achieve satisfying fracture reduction in the minimally invasive surgery of distal femur, tibia metaphysic and tibial shaft fracture.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Traction ; instrumentation ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDComputer-assisted procedures have recently been introduced for navigated femoral neck screw placement. Currently there is little information available regarding accuracy and efficiency of the different navigated procedures. The aim of this study was to compare two fluoroscopic navigation tracking technologies, a novel bi-planar robot navigation and standardized optoelectronic navigation, versus standard freehand fluoroscopic insertion in a Synbone hip model.

METHODSEighteen fixed Synbone hip models were divided into 3 groups. C-arm navigated cannulated screws (AO-ASIF, diameter 7.3 mm) were inserted using freehand targeting (control group). A novel bi-planar robot system (TINAV, GD2000) and an optoelectronic system (Stryker OTS Navigation System) were used for the navigated procedures (robot group and optoelectronic group). Accuracy was measured using radiographic evaluation including the measurement of screw parallelism and decentralization, and joint penetration. To evaluate the efficiency, the number of guidewire passes, operative time and fluoroscopic images taken were noted.

RESULTSThe two computer-assisted systems provided significantly improved accuracy compared to the freehand technique. Each of the parameters, including guidewire passes and number of fluoroscopy images, was significantly lower when using the computer-assisted systems than for freehand-unguided insertion (P <0.05), but operative time was significantly shorter when using freehand-unguided insertion than for the computer-assisted systems (P <0.05). Accuracy, operative time and number of fluoroscopy images taken were similar among the two navigated groups (P >0.05), but guidewire passes in the robot group were significantly less than in the optoelectronic group (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth bi-planar robot navigation and optoelectronic navigation were similarly accurate and have the potential to improve accuracy and reduce radiation for freehand fluoroscopic targeting for insertion of cannulated screws in femoral neck fractures. Guidewire passes in the robot group were significantly less than in the optoelectronic group. However, both navigated procedures were associated with time-consuming registration and high rates of failed matching procedures.

Bone Screws ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Hip ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Radiography ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods