Objective There are many methods to treat adult humeral shaft fracture. Plates fixation and intramedullary locking nail are two important methods. Though plate fixation are "gold criterion", there were many defects limited its development. With humeral intramedullary nail widely used, this study is to analysis and investigates the complications of locked nailing in humeral shaft fractures. Methods Between January 2000 and January 2004, 90 humeral shaft fractures (74 acute fractures and 16 delayed unions or nonunions) in 89 patients were treated with humeral intramedullary locking nails and followed up for an average of 25.4 months(12-34 months). There were 56 males and 33 females, with an average age of 39.3 years. Acute fractures included 62 closed, 7 Gustilo type Ⅰ, 3 type Ⅱ and 2 type Ⅲa open fractures. 12 nonunions had previous operations. 8 patients had radial nerve palsy. In general, acute fractures were treated with closed nailing and nonunions were treated with open nailing with bone grafting. 53 proximal humeral fracture were treated by antegrade nail, the others with distal humeral fracture were treated by retrograde nail. Results In total, 17 patients had 18 significant complications. 5 of them were persistent nonunions. There was no statistics difference between antegrade nail and retrograde nail. The others were protruded screws, fracture gap, shoulder impairment, elbow impairment, angular malunion, deep infection and postnailing radial nerve palsy. Conclusion The risk of operative comminution was significantly higher in retrograde nailing, and operative comminution resulted in a significantly higher risk of nonunion. Many complications of humeral locked nailing can be prevented by improving the implant design or surgical techniques.

Objective To explore the knowledge about HIV/AIDS and related factors associated among farmer workers with private corporations in Guangxi and to inform intervention programs.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among workers working with 10 private corporations,and data were analyzed using logistic regression.Results Correct answers to questions about HIV/AIDS transmission route accounted for over 85%,yet much less regarding knowledge about non-transmission routes and prevention methods.The factors associated with knowledge about HIV/AIDS included gender,age,nationality,registered living place and years of schooling.Conclusions HIV/AIDS-related education should be strengthened for farmer workers working for private corporations.

The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer are being improved due to the popularized screening of prostate specific antigen. Advanced prostate cancer, in spite of its response to androgen deprivation therapy, may finally develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and shorten the overall survival of the patients. Many efforts have been made by worldwide researchers for new approaches to the management of CRPC, including new hormonal therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and bone metastasis-targeted therapy. This paper reviews the emerging agents undergoing clinical evaluation and drugs that have received approval for the treatment of CRPC in order to provide doctors and patients with more treatment options for CRPC and improve the overall survival rate and quality of life of the patients.
Androgen Antagonists ; Bone Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ; therapy ; Quality of Life

Objective To validate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture stage treatment on facial spasm and seek a better method for treating this disease. Method One hundred and forty patients were randomly allocated to stage treatment (50 cases), acupuncture (50 cases) and Western medicine (40 cases) groups. In the stage treatment group, treatment was divided into early, middle and late stages according to the patients’ duration of disease. Each stage provided acupuncture point injection of different medicine plus warm needling. The acupuncture group received conventional acupuncture with 1 hour retention of needles and the Western medicine group, oral administration of carbamazepine tablets, 0.2 g 3 times a day. After the completion of treatment course, a six-month follow-up was performed to determine no relapse or aggravation in the three groups and the therapeutic effects were evaluated using Cohen and Albert spasm grading criteria.Result The complete resolution rate was 56% (28/50) in the stage treatment group, 14.0% (7/50) in the acupuncture group and 20.0% (8/40) in Western medicine group. The complete resolution rate was significantly higher in the stage treatment group than in the acupuncture and Western medicine groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 100.0% (50/50) in the stage treatment group, 70.0% (35/50) in the acupuncture group and 60.0% (24/40) in the Western medicine group. The total efficacy rate was significantly higher in the stage treatment group than in the acupuncture and Western medicine groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Stage treatment has a marked effect on facial spasm.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of calcification in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid lesions. Methods CT images of 318 consecutive patients with pathologically proven thyroid lesions were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. The following characteristics of calcification on CT images were evaluated: (1) size (≤2 mm indicating microcalcification and > 2 mm or shelly and irregular shape indicating macrocalcification, and both features indicating mixed calcification), (2) number (single or multiple) and (3)location (internal or edge). χ~2 test was used for statistical analysis. Results Oft he 318 cases, 48 were diagnosed as malignant (papillary carcinoma 26, follicular carcinoma 7, medullary carcinoma 3 and microcarcinoma 12) and 270 were benign (nodular goiter 36, adenoma 170, nodular goiter with adenoma 38 and adenoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis 26). Calcification was found in 60 cases (18.9%). Among them 21 (papillary carcinoma 12,microcarcinoma 6,follicular carcinoma 2 and medullary carcinoma 1) were malignant(43.8%) and 39(nodular goiter 6, adenoma 13,nodular goiter with adenoma 19 and adenoma with Hashimoto's thyroiditis 1) were benign (14.4%) (P < 0.01). Sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing thyroid carcinoma were 43.8% (21/48) and 85.6% (231/270), respectively. Microcalcification was found in 37 cases (malignant 8, benign 29) and macrocalcification was found in 23 cases(malignant 13, benign 10) (P < 0.01) . Sensitivity and specificity of macrecalcification for diagnosing thyroid carcinoma were 61.9% (13/21) and 74.4% (29/39), respectively. Single calcification was found in 31 cases (malignant 13, benign 18) and multiple calcification was found in 29 cases(malignant 8, benign 21) (P >0.05). Internal calcification was found in 15 cases of malignant lesions(71.4%) and 12 of benign lesions(30.8%); Edge calcification was found in 6 cases of malignant and 27 of benign, (P <0.01). Sensitivity and specificity of internal calcification for diagnosing thyroid carcinoma were 71.4% (15/21) and 69.2% (27/39), respectively. Conclusion Internal calcification or(and) macrocalcification of the thyroid lesions may strongly suspect thyroid carcinoma and fine-needle aspiration or surgery should be further performed.

This paper focuses mainly on the study of optimal fermentation conditions of S-adenosyl-L-methionine.Effects of carbon sources,nitrogen sources,inorganic constituents,growth factors and adding time of L-methionine on the yield,the content and biomass of S-adenosyl-L-methionine are studied.And ingredients of the culture medium are also optimized by the method of uniform design.The final optimum culture medium contains: glucose 30 g,Yeast powder 11 g,(NH_4)_2SO_4 12 g,K_2HPO_4?3H_2O 5 g,KH_2PO_4 10 g,MnSO_4?H_2O 0.09 g,ZnSO_4?7H_2O 0.14 g,MgCl_20.5 g,CaCl_2 0.3 g,CuSO_4 0.005 g per liter. Using that optimum culture medium,the yield of S-adenosyl-L-methionine can reach 0.9 g/L in Erlenmeyer flask which is 30 % higher than before.Experiment on 5 L fermenter reveals that the accumulation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine can reach 2.66 g/L.Biomass is 23.4 g/L.

Objective To purify asprosin protein expressed in Escherichia coli expression system and to study its effect on cardiac function.Methods Coding sequence of asprosin was obtained from GenBank.Codon optimization was performed according to the codon preference of E.coli.After gene synthesized, recombinant plasmid was made.Asprosin was then induced and purified by Ni-affinity purification.The mouse model of impaired cardiac function was established by ligating and relaxing the left anterior descending coronary artery.30 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (sham), cardiac dysfunction group (MI/R) and cardiac dysfunction plus injection of recombinant asposin protein group (MI/R+rAsp).The left ventricular function was detected by echocardiography to determine the improving effect of recombinant asprosin protein on cardiac function.Results After prokaryotic expression and purification, the purity of the target protein was higher than 95%, and the endotoxin content was less than <0.1 EU/μg protein, which was suitable for cell and animal studies.After the recombinant asprosin protein was given, the left ventricular function of the mice was improved significantly (P<0.05).Conclusions Asprosin acts as a myocardial protective molecule to improve cardiac function.

In recent years, the Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis theory has pointed out that there is an interaction between gut microbiota and central nervous system diseases.A number of studies have shown that there is a link between gut microbiota and depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.The association between gut microbiota and stroke has also attracted wide attention.This article reviews the association between gut microbiota and stroke.

Aim To explore the inhibitory effect of isobavachalcone (IBC)on migration and invasion of
tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca81 1 3 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods Tca81 1 3 cells were
treated in different concentrations of IBC in vitro.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT;Wound healing as-say and Transwell chamber assay were used to detect the ability of cell migration and invasion;Western blot was applied to detect the expression of Akt,p-Akt, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins.Results IBC could in-hibit the proliferation of Tca81 1 3 cells in a concentra-tion-and time-dependent manner.IBC can reduce cell migration and invasion.Western blot showed that IBC could an decrease the expression of p-Akt,MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in a concentration-dependent manner.
However,the level of Akt was not affected by the con-centration of IBC treatment.Conclusion IBC could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion in Tca81 1 3 cells and its mechanism may be associated with the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 pro-teins and the inhibition of phosphorylation of upstream Akt.

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of testicular germ cell tumors and to improve the MRI diagnostic level. Methods MRI and clinical data of 25 cases confirmed testicular germ cell tumor by pathological examination were retrospectively analyzed. All the 25 cases were performed plain scan of MRI,and 16 patients underwent MRI enhanced scan.The size,morphology,signal intensity, adjacent structures,enhancement figure and tumor supplying artery were assessed and the histopathological findings were servered as the standard of reference.Results In the all 25 testicular germ cell tumors,10 cases were seminoma,8 cases showed homogeneous low signal intensity,2 cases of seminoma were low signal intensity on T2 WI,furthermore 5 cases performed poor nodular enhance-ment,2 cases performed homogeneous enhancement,4 cases performed fibrous septa enhancement.4 cases were yolk sac tumor ap-peared equal-low signal on T1 WI,slightly high signal intensity on T2 WI and progressive enhancement.Mature teratoma,pidermoid cyst and mixed germ cell tumor were 3 cases respectively,the MRI demonstrated mixed low signal intensity on T1 WI and mixed high signal on T2 WI.2 cases were embryonal carcinoma demonstrated middle-low signal intensity on T1 WI,and mixed low signal intensity on T2 WI.The two cases revealed bleeding signal intensity and septa enhancement.Conclusion MRI can be used to diagnose germ cell tumors with high accuracy,and provides essential information for pathological type,stage and differential diagnosis.