Objective To explore the causes of misdiagnose of ectopic pregnancy by retrospective analysis in our hospital cases,in order to increase the diagnose and curative level in ectopic pregnancy.Methods Clinical data of the misdiagnosis of 96 cases from the 357 patients of ectopic pregnancy in our hospital from year 1993 to 2002,including materials of histories ,symptoms signs and laboratory examinations were retrospectively analyzed.Results The misdiagnosis rate of ectopic pregnancy in our hospital was 26 9%, most of them were treated as early pregnancies, threatened abortions etc. The causes of misdiagnosis were neglectful of asking essential history, no overall physical examination and misleading by the laboratory results.Conclusions The effectively preventive measures against misdiagnosing of ectopic pregnancy were strengthen vigilance of ectopic pregnancy,familiar with the knowledge of atypical ectopic pregnancy and the essential examinations on gravida.

Objective:To evaluate the current situation and the developing trend of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists used in 25 hospital of Wuhan during the period of 2003～2005 in order to provide reference for clinical doctors and pharmacists. Method:The 5-HT3 receptor antagonists were statistically analyzed in respect to the purchase sum of money,DDDs and daily costs. Result:During the 3 years, purchase sum of money of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists were yearly increasing. The share of the market of domestic drugs showed an increasing tendency,while the imported drugs decreased year by year. Granisetron, ondansetron and tropisetron were much more frequently used than others. Conclusion:The market of the oral agents of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists will further expand in China.

Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ; methods

Consensus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

As our country lack professionals of public health,higher demand to the preventive medicine is further made with the transformation of medical model and the construction of the public health system,and the reformation in preventive medicine education of higher learning is explored to cultivate the practical professionals of public health by modulating education program and courses,modifying the cultivating plan,emphasizing the knowledge of liberal arts and management,strengthening the cultivation of ability and combining theory with practice.

BACKGROUND:The ligamentum flavum is important to connect the rear of the spine. If the flexibility of the ligamentum flavum is decreased due to degeneration, in the role of various factors, it can reduce the effective space of the spinal canal to induce spinal cord and nerve root compression, thereby resulting in neurological symptoms, even paralysis or residual disease. OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism of over-dose fluoride on the degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum in rats. METHODS:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group was given distiled water containing NaF (mass fraction 10-4) and control group was given the same amount of distiled water. After 3 and 6 months, the bone mineral density, Ca2+ and P3+ contents in serum and bone tissue and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were detected, respectively. Meanwhile, the ligamentum flavum specimens were taken for X-ray examination and histopathological observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the experimental group, chalk stripes or spots occurred in the lower incisors of five rats at 3 months after treatment and dental fluorosis that was mostly in chalk color was found in al the rats at 6 months after treatment; moreover, the bone density of the lumbar spine significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of serum Ca2+ were significantly higher, while the contents of P3+were significantly lower in the experimental group at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05); the serum alkaline phosphatase activity was also significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05). X-ray films, at 6 months after treatment, showed that the bone density of the lumbar vertebra was increased obviously; pathological observation showed that the number of elastic fibers in the ligamentum flavum was reduced further, a large amount of colagen fibers, fibroblasts and calcium deposition were found, and the ossification of the ligamentum flavum was visible at the lamina attachment site. These findings indicate that the over-dose fluorides can lead to the degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum in Sprague-Dawley rats, which may plan an important role in the ossification of the ligamentum flavum.

Objective To investigate the effects of long term exposure of 18F-FDG-PET/CT X-rays on rabbit immune system.Methods The rabbits were irradiated with 18F-FDG-PET/CT every day and this irradiation treatment continued for 3 months.At each month,the total number of white blood cells,thymus index and spleen index,phagocytic index,immune globulins,TNF-α and IL-1 in peripheral blood and serum were detected.Results After long-term 18F-FDG-PET/CT irradiation,the total number of white blood cells increased,the thymus and spleen index decreased (t =3.144-72.903,P ＜ 0.05),the phagocytic index and phagocytic percentage decreased after 1 or 2 months(t =2.719-11.859,P ＜ 0.05),and the number of immune cells marked with CD4 + increased but CD8 + decreased(t =6.433-29.877,P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the level of immune globulin in the serum decreased,but the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β increased (t =2.720-28.775,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions 18F-FDG-PET/CT has some damage effects on the immune system of male Japanese big ear rabbit,suggesting that the negative effects of PET-CT should be paid close attention to during clinical application.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 3-dimensional reconstruction(3DR) coronary angiography in the evaluation of coronary artery disease compared with conventional quantitative coronary angiography with IVUS result as the reference standard.Methods Twenty vessel segments in nineteen patients who underwent coronary angiography and IVUS were studied.With the IVUS result as the reference standard,the 3D reconstruction images and the single plane(2D) images of each angiograph were retrospectively studied and compared.Results In all the 20 segments,the minimal vessel diameter/area rate of the stenosed vessels and the reference vessels,and the minimal cross-sectional stenosis rate had no significant differences among the conventional 2D angiograph the 3DR angiograph and the IVUS results.According to the IVUS results,all the 20 vessel/segments were further divided into two groups which were:the eccentric stenosis group(n=7) and the centripetal stenosis group(n=13).In the centripetal stenosis group,all the angiographic parameters detected by the three methods had no statistical difference.In the eccentric stenosis group,the 3DR angiograph showed more consistent results as detected by IVUS compared with the 2D angiograph in terms of cross-sectional stenosis rate.Conclusion Three dimentional reconstruction of coronary angiography showed higher accuracy in the quantitative analysis of coronary artery stenosis compared with conventional coronary angiography,especially in eccentric stenosis.

The total volatile components were extracted from safflower by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction （USE） and their chemical constituents were analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry （GC-MS） to provide scientific basis for the quality control of safflower. Five different solvents （diethyl ether, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and acetone） were used and compared in terms of number of volatile components extracted and the peak areas of these components in TIC. The results showed that USE could be used as an efficient and rapid method for extracting the volatile components from safflower. It also could be found that the number of components in the TIC of ethyl acetate extract was more than that in the TIC of other solvent ones. Meanwhile, the volatile components of safflower from Xinjiang Autonomous Region and Henan Province of China were different in chemical components and relative contents. It could be concluded that both the extraction solvents and geographical origin of safflower are responsible for these differences. The experimental results also indicated that USE/GC-MS is a simple, rapid and effective method to analyze the volatile oil components of safflower.

An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES） was developed to determine 19 elements in safflower, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb from Xinjiang Autonomous Region and Henan Province of China. Totally 19 elements in safflower included heavy metals, i.e. As, Cd, Cu, Hg and Pb, and wholesome elements, i.e. Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Se, Sr, V and Zn. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in safflower samples were both low, all of which met the national hygiene standards except for Pb in Xinjiang sample. Meanwhile, the distribution tendency of elements in the two samples was similar, which indicated that the plant might absorb given elements in a proportional way. The method can be used for the quality control of elements in safflower, and it provides a way for the determination of the contents of safflower from Xinjiang and Henan.