Objective To investigate the incidence of drug resistance among new and retreatment TB patients from special hospital.Methods Totally 500 smear positive TB patients from June 2013 to December 2014 in Beijing Chest Hospital were enrolled.Phenotypic susceptibilities to cultured isolates were analyzed in 15 anti tuberculosis drugs by MGIT 960,include Isoniazid (INH),Rifampicin (RFP),Streptomycin (STR),Ethambuto (EMB),Kanamycin (Km),Amikacin (Am),Capreomycin (Cm),Ofloxacin (Ofx),Levofloxacin (Lfx),Moxifloxacin (Mfx),Paza-aminosalicylate (PAS),Protionamide (Pto),Linezolid (Lzd),Ethionamide (Eto),Pyrazinamide (PZA).Results A total of 500 TB cases were enrolled.71 samples among these were NTM infection and 12 samples were contaminted.The rest of 417 of cases infected with Mycobacteriuma,and the rate of drug resistance was 47.2％ (192/417) and the MDR rate was 28.2％ (120/417).The retreatment was significantly higher than that of the new in any drug resistance rate and MDR rate (P =0.000).100 of the retreatment isolates and 50 of the new isolates with Mycobacteriuma were selected to do the drug susceptibility test in 11 subsequent anti tuberculosis drugs (include:PZA,Am,Km,Cm,Ofx,Lfx,Mfx,PAS,Pto,Lzd,Eto).Five cases were contaminated,and in the rest of the cases,48 was the new and 97was the retreatment.The rate of the drug resistance to PZA,Am,Km,Cm,Ofx,Lfx,Mfx for the retreatment were significantly higher than the new (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of drug resistance to PAS,Pto,Lzd and Eto for the new and reteartment were no markedly differential in statistics.Conclusion This study further confirmed the rate of drug resistance in retreatment cases is higher,and the management of tuberculosis patients should be further strengthened.

Recombinant antibodies have become the major growth trends in biotech industry following their success on therapeutic application and good revenue. But the low level of mammalian expression and laggard fermentation process constrained the development of antibody industry in China. The global advances of antibody industry were reviewed, compared the respective advantage between dihydrofolate reductase and glutamine synthetase expression system, continuous perfusion and fed-batch processes were compared. Finally, based on the knowledge and experience of antibody expression and fermentation, the suitable strategy of antibody industrialization, e.g. the fermentation model and scale, should depend on the comprehensive consideration of entrepreneur for the productivity, manufacturing capacity and market revenue. It may be a wise choice to use glutamine synthetase expression system and continuous perfusion process for the need of Chinese antibody industrialization.

Abstract Early rehabilitation activity is an important way to improve functional impairment in stroke patients. However, there are no clear standards and opinions on the optimal start time, dosage and frequency of early rehabilitation activity. It is generally believed that early rehabilitation activity should start at 24 to 48 hours after stroke, and individual programs should be developed according to the assessment of stroke type, severity of disease, tolerance degree and other factors. This review searches domestic and international literature related to early rehabilitation activity and summarizes the start time, dose, frequency and content of early rehabilitation activity, as well as the cognition and attitude of medical workers towards it, so as to provide insights into studies and clinical applications of early rehabilitation activity.

Objective To observe the effect of RNAi that silences MTA1 gene on invasion and migration of esophageal carcinoma 9706 cells. Methods The siRNA expression vector that silences MTA1 gene was transfected into EC9706 cells by liposome. MTA1 mRNA and protein expressions were detected through quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The invasion and migration of EC9706 cells were evaluated by scrape wound healing assay and cell invasion assay in vitro. Results MTA1 gene expression significantly decreased. The scrape wound of EC9706 cells healed more slowly and the cell population that cut through Matrigel were less in the EC9706 cells transfected with siRNA expression vector than non-transfected EC9706 cells and the EC9706 cells transfected with blank vector (P

Objective To evaluate the toxicological safety of antithrombotic small peptide RWR with independent intellectual property right. Methods Toxicity test in mice, mice bone marrow micronucleus assay, mice sperm abnormality test, and 30-day feeding test in rats were carried out in this study.ResuIts The MTD of acute toxicity test for rats was larger than 120 mg/kg.The results of bone marrow micronucleus assay, mice sperm abnormality test were all negative.Thirty-day feeding test had no adverse effects on body weight, food utility rate, organ coefficient, blood routine index of rats.There was also no histological changes related to RWR in lung, liver, spleen, kidney and heart of rats.ConcIusion RWR had no obvious toxicity on animal growth, hematopoietic function, kidney function and organ tissue and so on.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of dual energy CT for small central cervical metastatic lymph nodes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.Methods The data of 43 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.All of the patients underwent dual energy CT scan before operation.The short diameter,iodine concentration and normalized iodine concentration (NIC) of enhanced arterial and venous phases and the slope of the energy spectrum curve were analyzed between metastatic central cervical lymph nodes and non-metastatic lymph nodes.ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnosis efficacy of iodine concentration and NIC for metastatic lymph nodes of thyroid carcinoma.Results Totally there were 119 lymph nodes in 43 patients included 55 thyroid papillary carcinoma metastasis lymph nodes (metastasis group) and 64 non-metastatic lymph nodes (non-metastasis group).There was significant differences of the mean short diameter of the lymph nodes between the two groupos (t=-2.20,P=0.03).In arterial phase,the average iodine concentration of metastasis group and non-metastasis group were (2.93±1.62)mg/ml and (2.17±1.09)mg/ml;the NIC were 0.33±0.21 and 0.19 ± 0.12;and the slope of the energy spectrum curve were 0.79±0.43 and 0.63±0.37 respectively.In venous phase,the average iodine concentration of metastasis group and non-metastasis group were (2.68± 1.54) mg/ml and (2.17 ± 1.01) mg/ml;the NIC were 0.51 ± 0.18 and 0.43 ± 0.15;the slope of the energy spectrum curve were 0.54 ± 0.42 and 0.62 ± 0.39 respectively.The iodine concentration and NIC in both phases and the slope of spectrum curve in arterial phase had statistical differences between the metastasis and non-metastasis groups (all P＜0.05).ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of iodine concentration and NIC in the diagnosis of metastatic lymph nodes were 0.62 and 0.73 in arterial phase,respectively.And the AUC of iodine concentration and NIC were 0.61 and 0.63 in venous phase,respectively.Conclusion There are differences of iodine concentration,NIC in arterial and venous phases and curve slope in arterial phase of dual-energy between malignant and benign central cervical lymph nodes in thyroid papillary carcinoma.Dual energy CT technology is helpful in identifying of metastatic from non-metastatic small central cervical lymph nodes.

New registry classifications of chemical drugs redefined the concepts of new drugs and generic drugs. New drugs emphasize the international innovation including innovate new drugs and modified new drugs. Modified new drugs are improvement of drugs already on the market to achieve superior efficacy. With the advantages of high success rate,high return,low risk and long life cycle,modified new drugs have become the mainstream of new drugs research and development in the world. Modified new drugs R&D in China should be based on clinical demand and focused on the differentiation research in order to obtain new preparations with signif-icant clinical advantages to better serve the clinical practise. This paper states the concept and characteristics of modified new drugs in China,makes case analysis and shares the development history of blockbuster modified new drugs in the world,clarifies the opportuni-ties and challenges and provides ideas for the future development of modified new drugs in China.

By means of joint research of new advanced technology project,joint development and application of appropriate health technology project,comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases between municipal hospitals and community clinics project and research supporting platform project,Shanghai Hospital Development Center has effectively improved the clinical science and technology innovation capability, promoted the development of medical disciplines and talents and improved the discipline influence of such hospitals.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Nazi method of midnight-midday ebb flow plus warm needling moxibustion in treating transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods Sixty patients with transient ischemic attack were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The control group received routine medication and the treatment group, Nazi method of midnight-midday ebb flow plus warm needling moxibustion in addition. The main clinical symptoms were observed by TCD monitoring of microembolic signals in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the positive rate of microembolus monitoring was 3.3%in the treatment group and 20.0%in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the traditional Chinese medical syndrome score in the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the traditional Chinese medical syndrome score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 96.7% in the treatment group and 80.0% in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). At six months after treatment, the rate of disappearance of TIA, the rate of recurrence of TIA and the rate of occurrence of cerebral infarction were 90.0%, 6.7%and 3.3%, respectively, in the treatment group and 60.0%, 20.0%and 20.0%, respectively, in the control group;there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Nazi method of midnight-midday ebb flow plus warm needling moxibustion can decrease the positive rate of microemboli and shorten transient ischemic attack to prevent cerebral infarction in patients with transient ischemic attack.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of hydrophilic polymers on the stability of self-microemulsifying drug deliv-ery systems (SMEDDS). METHODS:Taking felodipine (FDP) as model drug,the content of FDP was determined by HPLC method. The effects of pure water,0.5% Kollidon VA64,HPMC E5,HPMC K100LV,HPMC K4M,PVP K30 solution,while 0.1%,0.5% and 1.0% HPMC E5 and Kollidon VA64 on residual content of dissolved FDP were determined in SMEDDS. RE-SULTS:The residual contents of dissolved FDP in SMEDDS placed in Kollidon VA64,HPMC E5,HPMC K100LV,PVP K30, HPMC K4M and pure water for 1 h were 92.7%,63.6%,50.2%,46.2%,36.0%and 24.0%,respectively. The order of maintain-ing the supersaturation state was Kollidon VA64>HPMC E5>HPMC K100LV>PVP K30>HPMC K4M>pure water. The residu-al contents of dissolved FDP in SMEDDS placed in 0.1%,0.5%,1% Kollidon VA64 and HPMC E5 and pure water for 1 h were 93.2%,95.1%,96.0% and 48.4%,62.1%,75.1%. CONCLUSIONS:Kollidon VA64 and HPMC E5 can significantly inhibit drug release in SMEDDS and be used as stabilizer of SMEDDS,wherein Kollidon VA64 was better.