To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on immune activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer and healthy persons were separated by the density gradient centrifugation method for subsequent experiments, with those from healthy persons as the positive control. The effect of Tanreqing injection on stimulating the proliferation of lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was determined by MTT method. The effect of Tanreqing injection on the lymphocyte secretions of IFN-γ and TNF-α and the subset ratio of lymphocytes cultured separately or with Tanreqing injection of different concentrations were examined by ELISA and flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. In addition, the LDH release assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK). According to the findings, all of immunological indexes of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer were weaker than that of healthy persons, but with the obvious increases in proliferation activity and IFN-γ and TNF-α secretions of lymphocytes co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection (P < 0.05). Among lymphocyte subsets co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD3- CD16 + 56+ cell ratios notably increased, whereas CD4+ CD25+ Treg cell ratio obviously decreased (P < 0.05). In the meantime, Tanreqing injection can markedly promote the cytotoxicities of CTL and NK (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Tanreqing injection shows a significant effect in promoting the immune activity of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer and their anti-tumor immunity.
Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; physiopathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the relationship between estrogen receptor and cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells.Methods A total of 30 mice were inoculated 4 × 106 ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells to establish the xenograft tumor model with human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells.And they were randomly divided to control group and test group with 15 cases per group.Control group was given 0.9％ NaC1,intraperitoneal injection,once a week,a total of 5 times.Test group was given cisplatin 20 mg · kg-1,intraperitoneal injection,once a week,a total of 5 times.Then the ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were collected from two groups.The expression of estrogen receptor in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells was detected by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry.MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of proliferation and apoptosis in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells with different concentrations of cisplatin (0,1,5,10,15,20 μg · mL-1) combined with ICI182 (0,1,5,10,20 μmol · L-1) or alone.Results In control and test groups,the immune cell chemistry score (HIS score) were (10.04 ± 2.93),(6.73 ±2.37)points;the expression of estrogen receptor were 231.39 ± 15.33,205.81 ± 12.50 with significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).ICI182 had anti-proliferative effect on the control and test groups with dose-dependent and time-dependent manners.The inhibition rate of proliferation significantly increased by ICI182 combined with cisplatin (P ＜0.01).After treated with 10 μmol · L-1 ICI182 + 10 μg · mL-1 cisplatin in the test group and control group,the inhibition rates were (70.07-± 0.64) ％ and (82.13 ± 0.87) ％ with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Estrogen receptor is involved in the process of drug resistance,and it is possible to reverse the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting estrogen receptor protein by ICI182.

Objective To explore the long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of gastric GISTs.Methods Data of 25 patients with gastric stromal tumors,who underwent ESD,were reviewed in terms of clinical characteristics,histopathologic results,complications and long-term outcomes.Results Twenty-five patients underwent one-time complete removal of lesion, with a average tumor size of 3.0 cm (range,0.6 to 7.6 cm).The average time of operation was 65 minutes (range,15 to 154 minutes).one case was observed with intraoperative hemor-rhage of 200 mL blood,which was successfully managed by hemostatic forceps.Perforation with incidence rate of 16%occurred in 4 cases and was closed well with clips.Mucosal mechanical laceration of esophagus occurred in 1 case when the big tumor was taken out.The average length of hospi-talization was 7.3 days (range,4 to 21 days).A follow-up for 30 months (range,13 to 54 months) showed no tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion ESD is an effective and safe endoscopic procedure to remove gastric GISTs for long-term outcomes in patients with no metastasis.

The present study is to investigate the quality changes of ginseng stems and leaves before and after frost. The contents changes of ginsenoside, free amino acid, and total phenolic compounds, as well as DPPH radical scavenging effect before and after frost were measured. The content of 9 ginsenoside monomer in ginseng stems was decreased except for Rg, and Re after frost, but in ginseng leaves was all decreased. The total content of amino acids was decreased in ginseng stems after frost, while increased in ginseng leaves. The content of phenolic compounds in ginseng stems and leaves were both decreased after frost while the ability of DPPH radical scavenging was improved. The factor of frost has great impact on the quality of ginseng stems and leaves.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ecosystem ; Freezing ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Objective To explore the role of NF-kB activation on spontaneous formation of germinal centers in spleen in BXSB mice and it's mechanisms.Methods Eighteen BXSB mice were divided to control group and pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate(PDTC)group randomly.PDTC group was given PDTC 120 mg/kg?BW ip every other day and control group was given the same dose of dissolving solution.NF-kB activity was deter- mined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Two color flow cytometry were used to detect CD154 expression on splenic B cells and germinal center B cells apoptosis.Germinal centers were stained for histochemical analysis.Results PDTC could inhibit the NF-kB activity in spleen tissue in BXSB mice.It decreased the NF-kB activity by 62.82%.Spontaneous germinal center formation was detected in spleen in BXSB mice.In- hibiting NF-KB activation could down-regulate CD154 expression on splenic B cell,retard spontaneous germi- nal center formation and increase germinal center B cell apoptosis.Conclusion NF-kB activation may induce spontaneous germinal center formation in spleen in BXSB mice by upregulating CD154 expression on splenic B cell and decreasing germinal center B cell apoptosis.The autoreactive B cells generated during spontaneous germinal center formation may escape apoptosis and then differentiate to autoantibody-producing plasm cells.It suggests that NF-kB can be a therapeutic target.

Objective To examine the clinical manifestations and pulmonary radiological features in patients with triphosgene poisoning.Methods Clinical manifestations,laboratory tests and CT scans were analyzed retrospectively in 17 patients with triphosgene poisoning.We focused on the severity,development and repair of pulmonary impairment.Results Plain film and CT scans in five mild cases demonstrated bilateral scattered pulmonary patchy shadows.Of 12 cases with moderate to severe diseases,three showed bilateral multiple pulmonary patchy shadows and nodules with confluence of part of the lesions on plain film and CT scans;bilateral lungs were involved in nine cases with imaging findings of bilateral disseminated pulmonary round or ovary nodules with different size,ill-defined and partly-confluent patchy shadows and thickening of both interlobular septum and the wall of bronchus.Of clinical interests,imaging findings were closely correlated with clinical course and laboratory results.Conclusion Radiological examinations with plain films and CT scans could reveal the severity,evolvement of pulmonary edema in patients with triphosgene poisoning,and these are of clinical benefit in the early management and prognostic evaluation of patients with triphosgene poisoning.

OBJECTIVEThe impact of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tr) on the pathogenesis of asthma have been investigated over the past decades. As the professional antigen presenting cells, DCs not only prime immune response directing Th0 cells toward different T subtypes but also induce immune tolerance. As an immunoregulator, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has potential to be applied in allergic diseases such as asthma for prevention. Previous study showed that neonatal BCG vaccination could induce Th1/Tr1 development in mice in vivo. To further identify the mechanism of neonatal BCG vaccination on T cell subsets differentiation, the present study was designed to investigate the impact of BCG vaccination on splenic DCs development in neonatal mice.

METHODSNeonatal specific pathogen free (SPF) BALB/c mice (2-3 days) were divided into intraperitoneal BCG-treated group, subcutaneous BCG-treated group and control group; simultaneously adult SPF BALB/c mice (6-8 weeks) were divided into intraperitoneal BCG-treated and control group. The BCG-treated mice were inoculated with 1 x 10(5) CFU BCG, the mice in control group were not inoculated with any vaccine. Four weeks post BCG vaccination, spleen cells were isolated. With flow cytometry, subtype and maturity of splenic DCs were analysed. Moreover, cells were further separated into mononuclear cell by Ficoll solution. The mononuclear cells were stimulated by 1 microg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 18 or 10(5) CFU /ml BCG for 48 hours at 37 degrees C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 and cytokines concentration was detected by ELISA.

RESULTS(1) CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+) and CD11c(+) CD8alpha(-) DCs were found in spleen cells of the BALB/c mice. In comparison with the control group, the percent of CD11c(+) CD8alpha(-) DCs in intraperitoneal BCG group significantly declined (P < 0.01) and that of CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+) DCs significantly increased (P < 0.01), there were no significant difference in DC subtypes between intraperitoneal and subcutaneous BCG-vaccinated mice. In contrast, the percent of CD11c(+) CD8alpha(-)DCs markedly increased (P < 0.01) and that of CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+)DCs noticeably reduced (P < 0.01) in adult BCG-vaccinated mice. The percent of CD11c(+)CD8alpha(-)DC was significantly higher and that of CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+)DC was significantly lower in adult-vaccinated BALB/c mice than that of neonatal-vaccinated ones. (2) The expression of costimulatory molecules CD40 on CD11c(+) CD8alpha(-) DCs and CD86 on CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+) DCs in neonatal BCG-treated BALB/c mice was higher than the controls. There were no significant difference in expression of costimulatory molecules on DC between neonatal BCG-vaccinated mice. Compared with the control group, expression of CD40 and MHC-II molecules on CD11c(+) CD8alpha(-) and CD11c(+) CD8alpha(+)DC was significantly higher and that of CD86 was significantly lower in adult BCG-vaccinated mice. The expression of costimulatory molecules on DC had no significant difference between neonatal and adult BCG vaccinated BALB/c mice. (3) As compared with the control mice, concentration of IL-12p70 induced by LPS and IL-10 induced by BCG in vitro from spleen cells culture supernatant was noticeably elevated (P < 0.05) in neonatal BCG-treated BALB/c mice, but that of IL-6 did not change by LPS or BCG stimulation.

CONCLUSION(1) By up-regulating splenic CD8alpha(+)DCs and inducing IL-12p70 and IL-10 production in BALB/c mice, neonatal BCG vaccination promoted Th1/Tr1 development. (2) The effect of BCG vaccination on DC was different between neonates and adult BALB/c mice.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; BCG Vaccine ; immunology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Immunophenotyping ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism

objecfive To know and compare the intelligence level of children born in different time periods in regions with iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Liaoning province.Methods All 7-14 year-old children from ten schools were chosen as the subjects respectively from six villages in each of the six counties and in regions with iodine deficiency,who were respectively born at the initialization of iodinated salt supplying period(1978-1980);non-iodinated salt supplying period(1981-1990);recovery of supplied iodized salt period(1991-1995);universal iodized salt period(1996-2000),respectively.Intelligence quotient(IQ)was measured by Combined Ravens Test in China(CRT-C)and Combined Ravens Test-the Rural,in China,2nd edition(CRT-RC2).Results IQ of children during the non-iodized salt period(91.9±14.3)was significantly lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(95.8±14.6,q=8.60,P<0.01),recovery of supplied iodized salt period(99.7±14.7)was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period(q = 9.53, 18.13, all P < 0.01 ),universal salt iodization( 104.3 ± 14.9) was significantly higher than the initial supply of iodized salt period, non-iodized salt sales period, recovery of supplied salt iodization(q = 20.00,28.00,10.46, all P < 0.01). Children's rate of mental retardation (IQ≤69) was higher in non-iodinated salt supplying period (6.7%, 88/1314 ) than the initial supply of iodized salt (4.4%, 21/471, χ2 = 3.85, P < 0.05), recovery of supplied iodized salt period(3.3%,48/1470) was significantly lower than non-iodinzed salt supplying period (χ2 = 15.37, P < 0.01), universal salt iodization period(2.7%, 36/1344) was lower than the initial supply of iodized salt period(χ2 = 4.41, P < 0.05) and non-iodinzed salt supplying period(χ2 = 26.34, P < 0.01 ). The IQ and intelligent retarded rates in children born during the initial years of iodinated salt supplying period were not different. The IQ of the children during ten years of non-iodized salt supplying period fluctuated in a "∪" curve, while the intelligent retardation rates in a "∩" curve.The children born during the period of recovery supplied iodized salt increased their IQ and lowered the retardation rates year after year. The IQ of the children in universal iodized salt period kept on increasing while intelligent retarded rates reduced to the lowest level. Conclusions The intelligence level of children born in regions with IDD during non-iodized salt supplying period is remarkably lower than that of the beginning years of iodinated salt supplying period. The intelligence level of children born after universal iodized salt period is remarkably higher than that of the initial iodinated salt supplying period and recovery of supplied iodized salt period, respectively.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between pathological characteristics of target organs and excess evil syndrome in IgA nephropathy.

METHODSData were collected in multicenter cooperation. Totally 266 IgA nephropathy patients were typed into exogenous wind-heat affection syndrome (49 cases), lower energizer damp-heat syndrome (100 cases), damp-phlegm syndrome (43 cases), and blood stasis syndrome (74 cases). Meanwhile, percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in all patients for Hass classification, Oxford classification, Katafuchi integral, and Jiang's classification methods. The correlation between excess evil syndrome and pathological index was analyzed.

RESULTSFour syndrome types were correlated with their Hass levels (r = 0. 341, P <0. 01). Affection of exogenous wind-heat syndrome was correlated with segmental proliferation of endothelial cells and damaged active lesions of segmental capillary loops. Lower-energizer damp-heat syndrome was associated with Hass III level, destroying active lesions of capillary loops, segmental proliferation of endothelial cells, glomerular segmental lesions, focal interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, focal interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Blood stasis syndrome was associated with Hass IV level, glomerular sclerosis, segmental glomerulosclerosis (S)/adhesion, mesangial hypercellularity (M), angiohyalinosis, multi-foci interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, multi-foci interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Phlegm-damp syndrome had higher proportions of Hass I and III levels, but with no association with other pathological parameters.

CONCLUSIONSExcess evil syndrome was associated with partial pathological characteristics of IgA nephropathy. It could reflect pathological damage degree of target organs, activities, chronic lesions, and prognosis of IgA nephropathy to certain extent. Correlated pathological characteristics and its evolution could indicate excess evil syndrome types and their evolution rules.

Capillaries ; Fibrosis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney Glomerulus ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prognosis ; Syndrome