BACKGROUND:Deep venous thrombosis is one of the common and fatal complications of total joint arthroplasty.For our clinical practice,we require duplex ultrasound and venography to evaluate the presence of deep venous thrombosis,but the diagnostic tools have several disadvantages.OBJECTIVE:To explore the appropriate and non-invasive biomarkers in the early diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.METHODS:With the key words of Thrombosis,DVT,Biomarker,Total Joint Arthroplasty,D-dimer,Factor VIII,Thrombin Generation,Fibrin Monomer,P-selectin,Inflammatory Cytokines,Microparticles,Leukocyte Count,Genetic factors,MicroRNAs,a computer-based search was performed for articles published in PubMed database from January 1995 to March 2015.After the initial screening,the reserved articles were further detailed,summarized and concluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totaly 66 articles were colected.This brief review is used to analyze the mechanism of the biomarkers which are classified into three levels as folow: detection of blood coagulation,inflammation markers and molecular biology and genetics-based biomarkers.The review also showed a great need of economic and safer biomarkers for the clinic and provided the theoretical basis to diagnose and predict deep venous thrombosis in an early stage.

Child ; Erythropoietin ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure ; chemically induced

Blood Cells ; immunology ; pathology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemoid Reaction ; diagnosis

Objective To clinically analyze the feature of paroxysmal hemicrania in order to improve our cognition toward it.Methods Eight patients,3 men,5 women,aging 17 to 74 years old,were prospectively analyzed over the past 2 years in our hospital.Results Their age of onset was from 9 to 60years old(mean 42.5±16.3).Seven of the 8 cases were treated with indomethacin,out of whom 5 got an immediate and complete response and one of them remitted partially.Another stopped taking indomethacin because of gastroenteric side effects.She was treated with verapamil and prednisone and partial relief was gained.Conclusions Paroxysmal hemicranial is a rare benign disorder.which needs our improved understanding.The patient who is diagnosed with paroxysmal hemicranial should firsfly receive indomethacin.and standard anti-cluster headache medications or other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs is used if she/he can not get relief and (or)tolerate the adverse effects.

Objective:To determine whether there were alteration of miRNA expression in peripheral Treg cells,through the contrast between normal people and patients with ITP and to explore the pathogenesis of ITP.Methods:Peripheral blood was obtained from ITP patients and normal people ,and Treg cells were isolated by flow cytometry.RNA was extracted from Tregs in each group,then for miRNA arrays analysis through Solexa sequencing.Compare ITP group and normal control group microarray to identify differentially expressed miRNA.Differentially expressed miRNA were analyzed to find the abnormal signaling pathways.Results: We screened multiple miRNA abnormal expression in Treg cell of ITP patients,which has significant differences were miR-1976,miR-548ae-5p,miR-5096-p3,miR-548am-5p,PC-3p-63471,and PC-3p-96627.By enrichment analysis,we found two abnormal signaling pathways:ErbB signaling pathway and TGF-βsignaling pathway.Conclusion:Differentially expressed miRNA were found in peripheral Treg cell of ITP patients,which may be affected the normal functioning immune regulation of Treg cells,and involved in the pathogenesis of ITP.

Objective To elucidate the regulation of e pidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression by transforming growth factor (TGF)? and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in human prostate cancer cells. Methods EGFR mRNA expression and its protein level were measur ed by means of RT-PCR and Western blot respectively in three human prostate can cer cell lines,the androgen-responsive (LNCaP) and the nonresponsive (ARCaP and PC3), all being treated with exogenous EGF or TGF?. Results TGF? enhanced EGFR mRNA two-to tenfold in all three cell lines, whereas EGF increased EGFR mRNA two-to sixfold.In all the three cell lines, TGF? induc ed total EGFR protein levels were higher than EGF. Conclusions These data indicate that TGF?/EGF-EGFR path-way serves as a key growth regulator in prostate cancer.TGF?, but not EGF, would preferentially maintain an autocrine loop in human androgen-nonresponsive prostate cancer.

Cyclin D is the most closely relationship with tumor ,and it is currently known one of the sub-types of cyclins.CyclinD1,as a positive regulatory factor ,has an important role in the process of cell cycle ,espe-cially in cell proliferation and division .CyclinD1 is unusually up-regulated in lots of human cancers .CyclinD1 is a recently discovered protein which is highly expressed in the urinary tumors ,and its expression in tumors is asso-ciated with a more aggressive phenotype ,prognosis and recurrence .Therefore,the research of the target point to CyclinD1 in the urinary tumors may provide a new method for the therapy to urinary tumors .

Objective To establish optimum processing method for Pollen Typhae Carbonisatus. Method Processing method was studied by orthogonal test and the total flavones were determined by HPLC. Conditions of HPLC used to determine the total flavones were: Waters Nove-Park C18 (150 mm?3.9 mm, 4 ?m), mobile phase: MeOH-THF-0.05%TFT (16∶24∶60), flow rate: 0.8 mL/min, column temperature: 30 ℃, detection wavelength: 360 nm. Results The optimum processing method was skir-baked for 8 min at 210 ℃. Conclusion The optimized processing method is available for the processing of Pollen Typhae Carbonisatus.