The incidence of malnutrition among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) constantly increases despite the development of health care and dialysis techniques.New nutritional targets for CKD patients upon maintenance treatment have been developed.Before dialysis,evidences have shown that a long-term nutritional care plan,with a control of protein intake,can effectively correct metabolic disorders including proteinuria and acidosis.During the maintenance dialysis,the optimal protein and energy intakes have been recently challenged.The new classification of nutritional disorders in CKD patients may help the easily identification of protein-energy wasting.

Objective If IL-2 and IFN-? are united,perhaps we may see a more significant antitumor effect.A fusion gene of IL-2 and IFN-? was designed and constructed by DNA engineering.Methods CEA promotor、IL-2cDNA and IFN-?cDNA were obtained by PCR and RT-PCR.SDS-PAGE was used to examine the results;pcDNA-IL-2、pcDNA-IFN-?、pCEA-IL-2/ IFN-?、pEGFP-IL-2/ IFN-? were transfected to CEA high expression cell line(Lovo)by use of liposome.The fusion protein expression was examined by fluorescence microscope and Western blotting.Results IL-2/ IFN-? fusion gene can be expressed in tumor cells.Its expression is more obvious in CEA high expressed cells(Lovo),and can be located in cell plasma.Conclusion The fusion gene can be expressed in plasma of CEA high expressed cell lines.It may have a new anti-tumor effects.

The initiation and development of diabetic chronic complications is associated not only with the level of blood glucose,but also with the glucose fluctuation.The damage in large artery and microvessel may be caused by glucose fluctuation.There are two causes which induce glucose fluctuation in clinical:one is postprandial hyperglyceamia with not well controlled,the other is hypoglycemia causes by unsuitable therapy.A lot of effective new types of substances were applicated in clinical,such as ?-glucosidase inhibitor,glinide-insulin secretagogus,fast-acting and long-acting insulin analogues.With these new powerful tools,there is possibility to treat diabetes more correctly and safely,and control the blood glucose in a stable and good level.

Systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment(SELEX) is a new combinational chemical methodology for in vitro selection of specific aptamers.Aptamers are artificial oligonucleotide ligands with high-affinity binding to target molecules,such as amino acids,drugs,proteins and other small molecules or ions and so on.They are isolated from combinational libraries of synthetic oligonucleotide by an iterative process of affinity selection,recovery and amplification.Several properties of aptamers make them an attractive class of therapeutic compounds.Their affinity and specificity for a given protein make it possible to isolate a matching ligand,and to adjust their bioavailability.Aptamers may be useful in the treatment of a variety of human diseases including infectious illness,cancer and cardiovascular diseases.The development of this emerging class of therapeutics is reviewed,in terms of progress,and potentially clinical application.

This paper gives a comprehensive analysis of the origin,formation as well as feature of medical English words in the hope of more accurate understanding and expression in their translation.

This paper puts forward the issue of offering medical English translation course in medical colleges or universities on the basis of social and individual needs analysis.Furthermore,the course is discussed in the respect of materials design and methodology.

This paper discusses the characteristics and difficulties in medical translation at syntactic,discourse and pragmatic levels.On the basis of discussion,the author puts forward the responsibilities of a good medical translator as doing research,making cooperation and adding value to the publication of the original papers.

This paper presents the writing problems in English abstracts of medical pa-pers,analyzes the underlying causes of these problems,and recommends the strategies for writing internationally standard English abstract.

Community Language Learning was employed to strengthen English class cohesion and improve students performance, and positive results have been achieved with regard to classroom atmosphere, students involvement and CET-4 scores. Initial studies and experiments show that application of foreign linguistic teaching theories in the Chinese setting is feasible and rewarding.

Affected by region economy,culture and low subject level as well as the lag of the academic grass-roots organizations,there exist dingle structure,similar systems,narrow,fuctions unsmooth operation and lack of vigor in the universities' academic grass-roots organizations.Therefore,we must fully understand the role of academic grass-roots organizations,reform the authority model and innovate university academic organizational structures.