Objective:To optimize β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion process for volatile oil in Yingxinning capsules. Methods:The content of volatile oil in theβ-CD inclusion compound as the evaluation index, the ratio of volatile oil toβ-CD, inclusion tempera-ture, inclusion time and stirring speed as the influencing factors, the inclusion process was studied using L9(34)orthogonal design. Re-sults:The best preparation conditions were as follows:the ratio of volatile oil toβ-CD was 1∶ 9, the inclusion temperature was 40℃, the inclusion time was 30min and the stirring speed was 800 r·min-1 . Conclusion: The preparation technology is simple, feasible and stable with high inclusion rate of volatile oil.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression patterns of the chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 in human sperm.

METHODSWe collected semen samples from 10 fertile men, performed density gradient centrifugation, and then determined the expressions of both CXCL12 and CXCR4 in the sperm by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSRT-PCR revealed the mRNA expressions of CXCL12 (0.641 +/- 0.180) and CXCR4 (0.464 +/- 0.100) in the sperm. However, only CXCR4 rather than CXCL12 was expressed at the protein level, and the positive staining for CXCR4 was observed mainly in the posterior part of the acrosome.

CONCLUSIONCXCL12 and CXCR4 are involved as important molecules in regulating the function of human sperm.

Acrosome ; metabolism ; Centrifugation, Density Gradient ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Spermatozoa ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo comparethetherapeutic efficaciesofaconite-cake-partitionedmoxibustionat different frequencies in treatingbenign prostatic hyperplasiadue tokidney-yangdeficiency.MethodEightypatientswere randomized into four groups:control group,treatment group1(moxibustiononceper day),treatmentgroup2(moxibustiontwiceper day), andtreatmentgroup3 (moxibustiononce every other day).TheInternational prostate symptom score (I-PSS), TCM syndrome score, maximum flow rate of urine (Qmax) and bladder residual urine volume (PVR) were observedbefore and after intervention.ResultAfter treatment,the improvement of theInternational prostate symptom scoreandTCM syndrome score,increase of Qmax and decrease of PVR were found in the three treatment groups, while the therapeutic efficacy in treatment group 1 was more significant than that in the rest groups. The total effective rate was 70.0% in the control group, 85.0% in treatment group 1, 80.0% in treatment group 2, and 65.0%in treatment group 3.ConclusionAconite-cake-partitionedmoxibustionat different frequenciescan produce therapeutic efficacies to different extent in treatingbenign prostatic hyperplasiadue tokidney-yangdeficiency, and the comprehensive analysis shows that the optimal frequency is once per day.

Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs have shown powerful immunoregulation effects, which are able to activate a variety of immune cells such as natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes,macrophages, dendritic cells(DC), B and T lymphocytes. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) can not only induce and enhance nonspecific and specific immune responses, but also regulate the type of immune responses through inducing Th1-type immune response and suppressing Th2-type immune response. DC are known to be the most powerful special antigen-presenting cells (APC) at present. It plays an important role in antigen recognition,antigen processing presenting, and T cell activation, and can kill various kinds of tumor cells. Recently, the immunotherapy based on tumor vaccines of dendritic cell has become more and more important. The research progress on dendritic cells for cancer treatment is reviewed in this article.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use

Objective To analyze the detection rate of lung cancer during 2009-2013 in Shaoxing of Zhejiang province and its time trend. Methods The data of lung cancer in Shaoxing from 2009 to 2013 with a total coverage population of 21 970 825 person-year (male 10 993 657 person-year, female 10 977 168 person-year), was collected to calculate the detection rate, age adjusted detection rate, percentage change of incidence (PC), etc. The annual percentage change (APC) of incidence was estimated by linear regression based on the logarithm of the incidence rates observed. Results During 2009-2013, a total of 9 973 new cases were diagnosed as lung cancer with the sex ratio of male to female being 2.44∶1. The detection rate of lung cancer was 45.39/100 000 (male 64.35/100 000, female 26.41/100 000), age-standardized detection rate by Chinese standard population (ASR China) was 20.09/100 000 (male 28.37/100 000, female 11.66/100 000), age-standardized detection rate by world standard population (ASR world) was 27.26/100 000 (male 37.83/100 000, female 15.73/100 000). The cumulative rate and truncated rate of those aged 0-74 and 35-64 were 3.40% (male 4.80%, female 1.91%) and 39.90/100 000 (male 54.44/100 000, female 24.81/100 000). The detection rate of lung cancer increased from 34.29/100 000 in 2009 to 59.91/100 000 (APC=13.88%, P=0.006<0.05), among males the detection rate increased from 50.60/100 000 to 82.91/100 000 (APC=12.52%, P=0.011<0.05), and the female detection rate increased from 17.81/100 000 to 36.78/100 000 (APC=17.70%, P=0.005<0.05). In Shaoxing, the detection rate of lung cancer increased obviously among the residents over 45 years of age. For each age group except 15-and 20-, the male detection rate was higher than the female incidence. Conclusion The men who were 45 years and older were at a higher risk of lung cancer in Shaoxing. The detection rate of lung cancer increased year by year from 2009 to 2013 in Shaoxing, especially among women over 65 years of age.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic manifestations of traumatic neuroma after neck dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 21 patients with 26 lesions who underwent neck dissection.The ultrasonographic characteristics were reviewed,including numbers,location,size,shape,margin,echogenicity,with or without direct continuity to the nerve fiber,the presence of internal hyperechogenicity and blood supply.Results Among the 26 lesions of 21 patients,25 lesions were in the lateral cervical area while the other one was in the central cervical area.The mean shortest diameter of the lesions was (3.5±1.0)mm and that of longest diameter was (9.1±2.9)mm.Totally 13 lesions were oval in shape and the other 13 were round.The clear margin was found in 13 lesions and fuzzy margin was observed in another 13 lesions.All the lesions were heterogeneously hypoechoic.The presence of internal hyperechoic areas were found in 16 lesions.The direct continuity with the nerve fiber was found in 20 lesions,while the other 6 lesions were not continued to the nerve directly.Color Doppler flow imaging showed that 20 of the 26 lesions existed a little blood flow signal and the other 6 lesions showed no flow signal.During the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB),21 patients complained about the intolerable serious pain and the pain relieved when the needle removed.Conclusion Traumatic neuromas are hypoecho lesions located in the operation area after neck dissection in PTC with distinctive ultrasonographic features,especially the direct continuity with the nerve fiber,as well as the clinical histories and sharp pain during US-FNAB,which can help to diagnose.

Objective To analyze the incidence of malignant tumor in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province in 2012.Methods Descriptive analysis was carried out based on our chronic disease monitoring information management system.Age-standardized incidence was calculated according to Chinese standard population in 1982 and the Segi's world population.Results The crude incidence of malignant tumor was 291.34/100 000,age-standardized rate by Chinese standard population (ASR China) and by world population was 137.29/100 000 or 176.72/100 000,respectively.The cumulative rate of the 0-74 years old group was 20.27％ and the cut rate of the 35-64 years old group was 301.49/100 000.Male crude incidence of cancer and ASR China were 330.46/100 000 and 149.28/100 000,respectively; for female,the figure was 251.93/ 100 000 and 124.79/100 000,respectively.The crude incidence and ASR China were 364.85/100 000 and 171.77/100 000 in urban area residents,and 277.86/100 000 and 130.93/100 000 for those living in rural areas.Age-specific incidence of the 0-29 years old group remained low,although the incidence was increased after 30 years old and reached the peak in the 80-84 years old group.The most common malignancy were lung cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer,thyroid cancer,esophageal cancer,pancreatic cancer,cervical cancer and leukemia (76.77％).Conclusions Lung cancer,gastrointestinal cancer and female reproductive system cancer were most common malignancy in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province in 2012.The incidence of thyroid cancer,leukemia and brain tumor is significantly increased over the past few years,which may need effective control and prevention strategies.

Objective:To determine the distribution of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and its relationship with disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with different molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer (IBC). Methods:Data and plasma samples of 372 female patients with IBC treated at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute between January 2008 and August 2009 were obtained. CD4+/CD8+ratio and the amount of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and natural killer cells (NK cells) were measured through flow cytometry. Results:A total of 133 (35.8%), 124 (33.3%), 48 (12.9%), and 67 cases (18.0%) presented luminal type A, luminal type B, HER-2 over-expression, and triple-negative type breast cancer (TNBC), respectively. In TNBC, a longer DFS was observed when the peripheral CD4+/CD8+ratio was high or when the level of Treg cells was low (CD4+/CD8+P<0.05 and Treg P<0.05). However, CD4+/CD8+and Treg are not independent prognostic factors for the DFS of TNBC cases. In other molecular subtypes of breast cancer, CD4+/CD8+ratio and the amount of Treg cells are not correlated with DFS (P>0.05). The level of NK cells is unrelated to the DFS of breast cancer with the four molecular subtypes (P>0.05). Conclusion:CD4+/CD8+ratio and the amount of Treg cells in peripheral blood may predict DFS of TNBC but are not considered as independent prognostic factors.

Objective: To investigate the cause and mechanism of oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods: The expression of cyclins dependent kinases (CDK4) in epithelial cells in the samples in 40 cases of OLP and in 10 cases of healthy controls was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results: The expression indexes of CDK4 in the epithelial basal layer and spinous layer in OLP were 0. 5637 ? 0. 0201 and 0. 5388? 0. 0120, those in the healthy control were 0. 4020? 0. 0155 and 0. 3480? 0. 0163, respectively(p