The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene is one of the main candidate genes of the genetic predisposition study of stroke,however,the correlation between the ACE gene polymorphism and stroke remains controversial.This article reviews the advances in research on the correlation between the ACE gene polymorphism and stroke in recent years.

Humans ; Ischemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To explore the clinical feature,treatment and prognosis of neonatal small intestinal atresia.Methods Retrospective study was carried out of 80 neonatal small intestinal atresias over the last 14 years,including diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Results Of them,62 cases were healed(77.5%),18 cases were dead(22.5%),24 cases(30%)associated with other anomalities.The living cases were followed up for 6 months to 3 years.These symptoms had not relapse.Conclusions Satisfactry effect can be obtained by early diagnosis and operative treatment.Sonography is an ideal way for early finding intestinal atresias in a fetus.End-to-end single layer anastomosis is an ideal way for monointestinal atresia,and poly-end-to-end single layer anastomosis plus long gastrointestinal silicone tube for supporting is an ideal way for multipal intestinal atresia.

The risk factor of dental fluorosis are mainly related to the cancen tration of fluoride in the drinking water,the supplements of fluoride,nutrition states and regime,the time of fluoride exposure.Other factor such as the period of mother's milk feeding,the altitude of resident,the environmental pollution,the education degree of parents,and the level of health service of the community are also contributed to the development of dental fluorosis.Besides,the knowledge of dentists,the health habits of individual,the condition of economic,and so on is somehow the risk factor of dental fluorosis.The chances of fluoride exposure will become more often as the prosperous of the society.Thus any health policy of the complement of fluoride should be adapted to local conditions.

·AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of surgical treatment for traumatic cataract.·METHODS: Seventy-three cases(73 eyes) traumatic cataract were performed multi-operation combined cataract extraction, including insertion of a capsular tension ring(CTR), vitreoretinal surgery, ocular foreign body extraction and intraocular lens(IOL) implantation.·RESULTS: Of 73 patients, twenty-seven cases were blunt trauma, while 46 cases were penetrating injuries. Three months after surgery, the final best spectacle-corrected visual acuity(BSCVA) in 5 patients (7%) were 0.05 or less, seventeen(23%) 0.05 to 0.3, while 49(67%) 0.3 or more. There were 93% cases relieved from blindness. Atrophy of eyeball occurred in two cases(3%). Mean follow-up time was 7.8(range 3-15) months.·CONCLUSION: Useful vision can be restored in a proportion of traumatic cataracts after prompt and rational surgical intervention as well as appropriate treatment of sight-threaten complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of neonatal tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).Methods A total of 134 patients were admitted and diagnosed as TSC in Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University from September 2006 to September 2015.The clinical characteristics of TSC in 8 patients who had clinical symptoms initiating from the neonatal period (skin lesion,neurologic abnormality,etc.) were analyzed,so as to conduct the auxiliary examinations (skin biopsy,ultrasonic cardiogram,cranial imaging) and the follow-up results.Results Among 8 patients,4 were diagnosed as TSC in the neonatal period while other 4 were diagnosed at later period from 4 months to 14 years old.Six patients had skin lesions in neonatal period,accounting for 75% of 8 patients,with predominant symptoms:hypomelanotic macules (5 cases),angiofibroma (2 cases),and shagreen patch (1 case).Cardiac abnormalities in neonatal period mainly included cardiac rhabdomyoma,which were characterized by high incidence,multi-regional occurrence,and wide distribution,noticed in 4 patients (50%).Ultrasonic cardiogram showed a mass in 4 patients with moderate-strong echo,uniform texture and clear boundary,and slight effect on tricuspid valve blood flows (in 1 case).Electrocardiogram abnormalities were found in 1 case,like atrial premature beats with intraventricular aberrant conduction,and accelerated atrial escape.Neurologic abnormality of neonatal TSC could present convulsive seizures.Cranial imaging lesions showed subependymal nodules (3 cases),leukodystrophy (2 cases),and giant-cell astrocytoma (1 case).Evidence for TSC2 gene positive and heterozygous mutation was identified in 1 case.The nucleic acid mutation site was at c.268C>T (E4),and the amino acid mutation was p.90Q>X.The mutant effect was nonsense mutation,which could lead to premature termination of protein translation.Conclusion The clinical characteristics of neonatal TSC may involve multi-system lesions,most commonly seen in the skin,cardiac,and ner-vous system.Neonatal physical examinations,cranial CT/magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac ultrasound screening should be done for the suspected TSC patients,and genetic diagnosis may contribute to the early diagnosis of the disease.

Objective The facial soft tissue features were studied in Urumqi adolescent with skeletal Ⅱ malocclusion by using a polar coordinate system. Methods Sixty samples of Urumqi adolescent with skeletal Ⅱ malocclusion were selected, each one underwent cephalometrics analysis and 32 cephalometric parameters from the samples were measured. The mean and standard deviations of each measurement were compared by statistical analysis (t-test). Results Polar distance in male was larger than female, showing significant difference between male and female. Po-Ns/Po-Li, Po-Ns/Po-Bs, Po-Ns/PoPgs, Po-Ns/Po-Gns, and Po-Ns/Po-Mes showed significant difference between male and female. Polar angles in female were larger than male, with a significant difference between male and female.Conclusion Statisticalstudies on features of facial soft tissue show significant differences between male and female. The polar coordinate analysis system is a good index to study the growth magnititude and direction of facial soft tissue during growth and development or before treatment and after treatment.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of stent-assisted angiopl asty in the treatment of extracranial carotid stenosis.Methods A total o f 164 cases of ex tracranial carotid stenosis from October 2000 to December 2002, including 146 ca ses of carotid bifurcation stenosis, 13 cases of extracranial internal carotid s tenosis, and 5 cases of common carotid stenosis, were treated by self-expandable stent placement and angioplasty.ResultsStent placement and angioplasty was successfully accomplished in all the 164 patients. The degree of stenosis was re duced from (78 8?13 6)% before the treatment to (10 2?7 5)% after the oper atio n. There were 1 case of transient ischemic attack (TIA) (0 6%) and 1 case of mi n or stroke (0 6%) during the peri-operative period, but no death or major stroke took place. Follow-up for 3～30 months (mean, 8 9 months) in 145 cases found no T IA, cerebral apoplexy or death. Forty-five patients were followed by digital sub traction angiography (DSA) 6 months after the treatment, and asymptomatic re-ste nosis occurred in 1 case (2 2%).ConclusionsEndovascular ste nt-assisted angio plasty for extracranial stenosis is safe and effective, with favorable short-ter m outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the safety and short term outcome of stent assisted angioplasty for extracranial carotid stenosis. Methods From October 2000 to September 2002, 93 cases of extracranial carotid stenosis, including 86 cases of carotid bifurcation stenoses, 4 of extracranial internal carotid stenoses, 2 of common carotid stenoses and 1 of functional external carotid stenosis, were treated by self expandable stent placement and angioplasty. Results Stent placement and angioplasty were successfully administered in all the 93 patients. The average stenosis rate was reduced from (79.5?14.6)% before treatment to (11.2?7.8)% after stent assisted angioplasty. There were only 1 case of TIA (1.1%) and 1 case of minor stroke (1.1%) during the operation, without mortality or major stroke. No cerebral ischemic attach occurred in the 91 patients during clinical follow up for a period of 3 25 months with an average of 7.9 months. Twenty nine patients were angiographically followed up 6 months after treatment with only one asymptomatic restenosis (3.4%). Conclusions Endovascular stent assisted angioplasty for extracranial stenosis is safe and effective with considerable good short term outcome.

Objective To report experience of endovascular stenting combined with coiling for intracranial wide necked aneurysms and to investigate its indication, technical tip, prevention and treatment of complication, safety and efficacy. Methods The coronary stents were implanted across the neck of intracranial wide necked aneurysms in 105 patients (78 located in anterior circulation and 27 in posterior circulation). Microcatheters were introduced into the aneurysm sac through stent mesh. GDCs were used to embolize the aneurysms . Results The stents were deployed in 104 patients and total occlusion was obtained in 80 cases and more than 90% in 24 cases. The patients recovered well with patency of the parent arteries except one with cerebral infarction and another with carotid dissection during the procedure. The stent collapsed in one case after coiling.No re bleeding or symptom related to thrombosis occurred during clinical follow up for 3 28 months. Follow up angiogram in 62 cases showed no recanalization in all patients, but two with further thrombosis and one with mild stenosis in proximal segment of the stent. Conclusions Endovascular therapy combined stent implantation and microcoil placement would be a valid alteration for the treatment of complicated intracranial aneurysms. However, long term outcome need further study.