OBJECTIVE:To study the enterococcal distribution in clinical samples and their drug resistance to commonly use antibiotic and provide the guidance for rational administration.METHODS : Adopting paper diffusion method to observe the drug resistance of enterococci isolated from clinical samples in our hospital and analyzing their distribution in the samples.RESULTS :Enterococcus faecalis accounts for 44.1% in 227 strains and Enterococcus faecium accounts for 37.9%,the other kinds of enterococci were rare.There was no statistical difference between drug resistance of Enterococcus faecium and that of enterococcus faecalis. Vancomycin was the most potent antimicrobial.Penicillin,ampicillin,and nitrofurantion showed good antibacterial activity against enterococcus faecalis. Enterococcus faecium displayed high-level resistance against antibiotics in addition to glycopeptides.CONCLUSION:Doctor should pay attention to the drug resistance about clinically common pathogenic bacterium. Continual surveillance of resistance rate of enterococcus is important to direct the treatment of enterococcus infections.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of action in pancreatic cancer BxPC3 cell treated by cerulenin in combination with gemcitabine.Methods BxPC3 cells were cultivated with 10 μg/ml cerulenin,20 μmol/L gemcitabine or 10 μg/ml cerulenin + 20 μmol/L gemcitabine for 48 h,and cells without treatment were control.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay,and early apoptosis was detected by AnnexinV/PI double staining method.The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA were detected by RT-PCR,and the protein level of Bcl-2,Bax were detected by Western Blot.Results The inhibition rate of BxPC3 cells were 0,(51.28 ± 1.84) ％,(53.59 ± 1.62) ％,(84.57 ± 1.01) ％ in control,cerulenin group,gemcitabine group,combination group; and the rate of early apoptosis was (0.83 ± 0.31) ％,(31.37 ± 1.04) ％,(38.33 ± 0.75) ％,(69.43 ± 0.83) ％,and the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA was 0.67 ± 0.01,0.44 ±0.01,0.36 ±0.08,0.27 ±0.07,and the expression of Bax mRNA was 0.14 ±0.01,0.31 ± 0.02,0.32 ± 0.03,0.91 ± 0.06 ; while the ratio of Bcl-2 mRNA/Bax mRNA was 4.78 ± 0.13,1.39 ± 0.04,1.15 ± 0.02,0.30 ± 0.02 ; the expression of Bcl-2 protein was 1.24 ± 0.04,0.51 ± 0.02,0.42 ± 0.02,0.13 ±0.01 ; and the expression of Bax protein was 0.20 ± 0.05,0.47 ± 0.01,0.54 ± 0.01,1.21 ± 0.03 ; while the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was 6.00 ± 0.11,1.11 ± 0.01,0.77 ± 0.03,0.10 ± 0.06.And the difference among the groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Cerulenin combined with gemcitabin has synergistic effect on the inhibition of BxPC cells proliferation.Its mechanisms may be up-regulation of Bax,down-regulation of Bcl-2,and promoting apoptosis of cells through the decrease of Bcl-2/Bax ratio.

Objective To investigate the methods and clinical outcome of the operative treatment of thoracolumbar fractures with pedicle screw single segment fixation and the approach through paravertebral muscles.Methods One hundred and twenty patients were selected as our subjects,who were suffered from thoracolumbar fracture without neurological deficit and underwent surgical treatment in the Central Hospital of Zibo from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010.All cases were randomly divided into mini-invasion group and control group.Patients in mini-invasion group were received the single segment fixation of the spatium intermusculare of longissimus muscle and multifidus,and in control group were received the traditional approach with short segment fixation group.The muscle gap approach along the longest muscle and multifidus muscle gap enters,preserving the integrity of the paraspinal muscles.Results The operation periods of mini-invasion group and control group were (53.8 ± 12.3) min and (88.5 ± 18.5) min (t =1.731,P ＜ 0.05),the intraoperative bleeding volume were (95.7 ±21.5) ml and (280.3 ±83.1) ml(t =2.414,P ＜0.05),the postoperative drainage volume were (20.4±8.2) ml and (132.9 ±50.3) ml(t =2.068,P ＜0.05) and inpatient time were (13.8 ±2.2)d and (20.4 ±5.5)d(t =1.853,P ＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in terms of fracture healing time,visual analogue scale,Oswestry disability index and radiology(P ＞0.05).All cases had union of fractures and no reduction loss and fixation failure occurred.Condusion The treatment of pedicle screw single segment fixation and the approach through paravertebral muscles on thoracolumbar fracture is proved to be an effective method with minimally invasive,less bleeding volume,simple procedure and fast recovery method.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)and cystatin C with the early preeclampsia pregnancy outcome.Methods:Clinical data of 75 patients received treatment and labor at our hospital from 2011 to 2013 was retrospectively analyzed.The control group included 60 normal pregnant women who received prenatal examination in our hospital at the same time.The difference in cystatin C and AOPP level of the patients with preeclampsia and the normal group was compared.The clinical data and the adverse pregnancy outcome of the patients with preeclampsia in different severity and different outcome of pregnancy were compared.Results:A total of 135 patients were retrospective analyzed ,including 75 in observe group and 60 in control group.The SBP level in the patients with preeclampsia is obviously higher than in the normal group .The level of SB,UA,Cr and AOPP in the patients of mild group is obviously lower than in the severe group.The incidence of oligohydramnios , placental abruption,fetal growth restriction and HELLP syndrome in the patients of mild group was obviously lower than in the severe group .The differences were statistically significant.The level of cystatin C,UA,Cr and AOPP in the patients of adverse pregnancy outcome were obviously higher than in the group of good outcome of pregnancy.Conclusion:The cystatin C and AOPP level of the early preeclampsia patients is obviously increased and it has significant correlation with the pregnancy outcome in patients .

Objective To evaluate the effects of blood perfusion(HP)combined with hemodialysis(HD)on micro inflammation and malnutrition status in patients with maintenance of hemodialysis(MHD). Methods Eighty MHD patients admitted to blood purification center of Wuhan Puai Hospital in Hubei Province were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. Pure HD group underwent conventional HD for 4 hours,3 times a week,and based on the weekly HD series,the HD+HP group took additionally HP once a week,the therapeutic course in both groups being consecutive 12 weeks. Blood was collected before and after treatment for detection of interleukin-6. (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were determined with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,and the changes in nutritional indexes of hemoglobin(Hb),total protein(TP), albumin(Alb),transferrin(TRF)were observed. Results Compared with the indexes before treatment,in HD+HP group,hs-CRP(ng/L:5.65±2.21 vs. 13.91±2.10),IL-6(ng/L:50.10±6.65 vs. 101.22±21.32),TNF-α(ng/L:80.21±9.41 vs. 197.64±25.47),Hcy(μmol/L:13.31±2.21 vs. 40.96±9.42)were significantly decreased (all P<0.05),and Hb(g/L:106.65±22.21 vs. 92.01±12.10),TP(g/L:62.10±22.65 vs. 51.22±11.32),Alb (g/L:38.21±6.41 vs. 30.84±5.47),TRF(μg/L:196.31±22.21 vs. 161.96±15.42)were significantly increased (all P<0.05);but the above parameters in HD group did not change significantly(all P>0.05). There were statistical significant differences in above indexes after treatment between HD+HP group and HD group〔hs-CRP (ng/L):5.65±2.21 vs. 13.22±1.10,IL-6(ng/L):50.10±6.65 vs. 100.32±25.24,TNF-α(ng/L):80.21±9.41 vs. 196.87±24.54,Hcy(μmol/L):13.31±2.21 vs. 37.23±8.33,Hb(g/L):106.65±22.21 vs. 94.22±13.10,TP (g/L):62.10±22.65 vs. 51.32±12.32,Alb(g/L):38.21±6.41 vs. 32.87±4.54,TRF(μg/L):196.31±22.21 vs. 162.23±15.33,all P<0.05〕. Conclusion HP combined with HD in the treatment of MHD can improve the micro inflammation and malnutrition state in patients with MHD.

Objective To detect the expression of Survivin ,PTEN and to discuss the correlations between them and the clinico-pathological characteristic of rectal carcinoma ,evaluate their effects on the development of rectal carcinoma .Methods SP immuno-histochemical was used to detect the expression level of Survivin and PTEN in 72 rectal carcinoma samples ,and randomly selected 20 cases of normal paraneoplastic tissues as control group .Results The positive rate of Survivin and PTEN in normal paraneoplas-tic tissues were 0 and 85 .0% respectively ;The positive rate in rectal carcinoma samples were 61 .1% and 41 .7% respectively .Posi-tive expressions of Survivin and PTEN did not had no correlation with gender ,age ,but correlated with differentiation ,dukes staging and lymph node metastasis .PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Survivin expression in rectal carcinoma .Conclusion The low expression of Survivin and high expression of PTEN might promote tumor genesis and progression of rectal carcinoma , which could be used to judge the rectal cancer clinical staging and pathologic grading .

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, especially those caused by Gram-negative pathogens, have emerged to be one of the world's greatest health threats. However, not only have recent decades shown a steady decline in the number of approved antimicrobial agents but a disappointing discovery also void. The development of novel antibiotics to treat MDR Gram-negative bacteria has been stagnated over the last half century. Though few compounds have shown activities in vitro, in animal models or even in clinical studies, the global antibiotic pipeline is not encouraging. There are a plethora of unexpected challenges that may arise and cannot always be solved to cause promising drugs to fail. This review intends to summarize recent research and development activities to meet the inevitable challenge in restricting the proliferation of MDR Gram-negative bacteria, with focus on compounds that have entered into clinical development stage. In addition to new analogues of existing antibiotic molecules, attention is also directed to alternative strategies to develop antibacterial agents with novel mechanisms of action.

Objective To study the distribution and its clinical significance of hepatitis B virus genotypes and subtypes in HBV-infected patients in Hefei. Methods 192 serum samples from HBV-infected patients were collected to extract HBV DNA. HBV the genotypes and subtypes of HBV were detected by PCR. Results Among 192 HBV-infected patients, 82 had genotype B, 99 had genotype C, and 11 had B/C. In genotype B, 57 were subtype Ba, 8 were subtype Bj, and the remaining 17 were neither Ba nor Bj. In genotype C, 8 were subtype C1, 56 were subtype C2, and the other 35 were neither C1 nor C2. In genotype B/C, 6 were Ba/C2, 2 Bj/C2, 2 Ba/neither C1 nor C2, and one neither Ba nor Bj/C2. Tthe distribution of HBV genotypes and subtypes exhibited significant differences in the various clinical types; and it showed that genotype C was predominant among patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma , while genotype B was predominant in asymptomatic carriers. In addition, there were no differences in HBV genotype distribution among patient wih different gender; but the genotype distribution differed significantly between patients positive with HBeAg and those negative with HBeAg. Conclusions Subtypes Ba and C2 are predominant in HBV-infected patients in Hefei. Genotype C may be associated with the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

The experiments show that extract from Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach (EHT) can inhibit experimental common carotid artery and cerebral thrombosis in rats, and its effective ingredients are unsaturated fatty acids.

AIM: To determine the contents of baicalin, berberine, rhein in Yiqing Capsule(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Coptidis) by HPLC. METHODS: The HPLC system consisted of Kromasil C 18 column (150 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m), 0.02 mol?L -1 phosphoric acid (TEA adjusted to pH=6.82)-acetonitrile(40∶11) mixture as mobile phase, detection wavelength at 254 nm, flow rate of 1.0 mL?min -1. RESULTS: The calibration curves of three ingredients were linear within the range of 3.666-73.32 mg?L -1(r=0.9998, baicalin), 0.3112-15.56 mg?L -1(r=0.9998, rhein), 1.221-50.04 mg?L -1(r=0.9999,berberine), respectively. The average recovery of baicalin is 102.3%(RSD=2.5%), berberine for 101.8%(RSD=1.8%), and rhein for 98.3%(RSD=2.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The method is rapid, sensitive and accurate.