The study is aimed to make the most of available space of Dendrobium officinale cultivation facility, reveal the yield and functional components variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale, and improve quality, yield and efficiency. The agronomic traits and yield variation of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were studied by operating field experiment. The content of polysaccharide and extractum were determined by using phenol-sulfuric acid method and 2010 edition of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" Appendix X A. The results showed that the land utilization of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale increased 2.74 times, the stems, leaves and their total fresh or dry weight in unit area of stereoscopic cultivated D. officinale were all heavier than those of the ground cultivated ones. There was no significant difference in polysaccharide content between stereoscopic cultivation and ground cultivation. But the extractum content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum were significantly higher than those of the ground cultivated ones. In additional, the polysaccharide content and total content of polysaccharide and extractum from the top two levels of stereoscopic culture matrix were significantly higher than that of the ones from the other levels and ground cultivation. Steroscopic cultivation can effectively improves the utilization of space and yield, while the total content of polysaccharides and extractum were significantly higher than that of the ground cultivated ones. The significant difference in Dendrobium polysaccharides among the plants from different height of stereo- scopic culture matrix may be associated with light factor.
Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Polysaccharides ; analysis

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the correlation between corpus cavernosum disruption and high-flow priapism for the understanding of high-flow priapism and its treatment.

METHODSTo report the clinical data of a case of spontaneous idiopathic high-flow priapism.

RESULTSThe diagnosis was made as right cavernosal artery disruption after angiography. The result of cavernosal blood gas analysis was normal. The penis became detumescent after the gelatin embolization treatment was performed.

CONCLUSIONSSpontaneous high-flow priapism of old people(non-ischemic) is rare in clinic. Blood gas analysis and angiography are needed to find the hemorrhage site when conservative treatment fails. Gelatin embolization or cavernosal artery ligation are usually effective in the subsequent treatment.

Angiography ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penis ; blood supply ; Priapism ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Regional Blood Flow

OBJECTIVEWhat is the best suitable position for neonates who were weaned from mechanical ventilation has not been identified. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supine and prone positions on oxygenation in neonates within 6 hrs after weaning from mechanical ventilation.

METHODSSixty neonates who were weaned from mechanical ventilation were randomly given prone or supine position (n=30 each). They all received oxygen inspiration and SPO2 was maintained in a normal range by adjusting the oxygen flow rate (FiO2). Blood PaO2 and PaCO2 levels were measured 1 and 6 hrs after weaning and then the alveolodouble ended arrowarterial oxygen partial pressure difference (A-aDO2), respiratory index and oxygenation index were calculated.

RESULTSMean FiO2 used in the prone position group was significantly lower than that in the supine position group 1 and 6 hrs after weaning (P<0.01). The value of A-aDO2 in the prone position group 1 hr (171.06+/-86.55 vs 253.62+/-71.56; P<0.01) and 6 hrs after weaning (105.85+/-78.18 vs 208.48+/-86.80; P<0.01) were significantly lower than that in the supine position group. The respiratory index in the prone position group 1 and 6 hrs after weaning (2.16+/-1.24 and 1.35+/-1.11) was also reduced compared to 3.74+/-1.68 and 3.65+/-1.28 in the supine position group (P<0.01). In contrast, PaO2 in the prone position group 1 hr (88.70+/-32.65 vs 73.43+/-17.68; P<0.01) and 6 hrs (84.10+/-13.95 vs 70.20+/-20.27; P<0.01) after weaning was significantly higher than that in the supine position group. The oxygenation index in the prone position group 1 and 6 hrs after weaning (213.49+/-88.96 and 275.23+/-108.83) increased significantly compared to 141.54+/-43.25 and 160.62+/-63.03 in the supine position (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe prone position is better than the supine position for the improvement of oxygenation within 6 hrs after weaning from mechanical ventilation in neonates.

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Posture ; Respiration, Artificial

Objective To explore the activation and function of Janus protein-tyrosine kinase (JAK)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT1) signal transduction pathway in kidney,lung and brain of MRL/lpr mice.Methods MRL/lpr mice with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were studied at the age of 12 weeks up.Non-SLE MRL/lpr mice were used as controls.We used phosphospecific antibodies to detect STAT1 activation in kidney,lung and brain by immunohistochemistry and Western blots.Gene expression of the STAT induced feedback inhibitors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) was investigated by SYBR green I real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results Phosphorylation of STAT1 protein was markedly activated in these three organs,although renal and pulmonary STAT1 activation were much more evidently activated.SOCS-1 gene expression increased in all three organs,while renal SOCS-1 gene expres- sion increased less than lung and brain.Conclusion The activation of JAK/STATI signal transduction path- way may be pathogenic in the organ involvement and progression of SLE.The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis may also be associated with the down-regulation of SOCS-1 feedback inhibition.

Objective To investigate whether mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of acute renal tubular damage induced by mercuric chloride and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Acute renal failure rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of mercuric chloride.SD rats were randomly divided into three groups which were MSCs injection group, saline infusion group and normal control group.Seven days later,the changes of rat weight,survival,renal function and pathology were observed;PCNA,ED-1 and GFP were detected by immunohistochemistry; The expression of cytokines in kidney and the distribution of GFP plasmid-transfected MSCs in kidney were examined by RT-PCR.Results MSCs infusion ameliorated the decline of rat weight,survival, renal function,and pathological changes.PCNA and ED-1 positive cells in MSCs group were fewer than those in saline group.Expression of growth factors EGF,PDGF,HGF were obviously up- regulated and pre-inflammatory cytokines TNF-?was significantly reduced in MSCs-treated kidneys. GFP-labelled MSCs occurred occasionally in renal interstitium of MSCs-treated rats,but not in renal tubules.Conclusions Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of acute renal tubular epithelial cells damage caused by mercuric chloride.The mechanism may partly depend on regulating the excretion of cytokines in renal microenvironment rather than completely depend on their differentiation to tubular cells.

Aim To investigate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on L-type Ca2+(ICa-L) current and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in single ventricular myocytes of hypercholesterolemic rats.Methods 12 male wistar rats were randomly divided into two dietary groups:a group fed a normal diet(n=6)and a group fed high-cholesterol diet(n=6) for 4 weeks,respectively. The level of serum lipid was examined.Zymolytic method was used to isolate single ventricular myocytes from hypercholesterolemic and normal rats,which were loaded with Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent indicator Fluo-3/AM.[Ca2+]i represented by fluorescent intensity(FI)was measured by laser scanning confocal microscope.Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record ICa-L.Results There was no significant influence exhibited on TG level.However, the serum total cholesterol(TC)level of hypercholesterolemic rats was much higher than that of model control group; at the test potential of 0 mV, ICa-L decreased from(-8.56?1.29)pA/pF(Control)to(-5.24?0.90) pA/pF(HC)(n=6 in each group,P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma (GS).

METHODSThe morphological and immunological characteristics of 12 cases of GS were studied. FAB classification was made by peripheral blood, bone marrow picture and bone marrow biopsy assay.

RESULTSAll of the 12 cases presented with lymphadenopathy and soft tissue mass. Histologically, the tissue infiltration of GS was composed of blastic cells with round to oval nuclei showing an even, pale chromatin pattern. Some with cleaved or notched nuclei. There were prominent nucleoli and scant cytoplasm in the cells and mitosis was easily found. Immunohistochemically, CD(45) and lysozyme were positive in all of the cases, MPO in 11 (92%), CD(68) in 10 (83%), CD(34) in 5 (42%), and TdT in 2 cases (17%). CD(15) and Mac387 were mainly expressed in mature granulocytes. Examination of bone marrow sections and marrow aspirate smears showed that out of the 11 cases tested 8 were AML-M(2), 2 AML-M(1) and 1 AML-M(0). Only 1 case was nonleukemic, ie. solitary granulocytic sarcoma.

CONCLUSIONGranulocytic sarcomas are difficult to identify in routine paraffin-embedded tissue sections and usually misdiagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry study with a panel of antibodies in combination with bone marrow and peripheral blood examination are helpful in identification of granulocytic sarcoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between a new polymorphism (IVS3-20 T>C GenBank accession number: AY463003) in intro 3 of the parkin gene and the risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) in Chinese, particularly the relation between this polymorphism and the age of onset of PD patients.

METHODSPD was diagnosed according to the criteria of Core Assessment Program for Intracerebral Transplantations(CAPIT). All patients and controls were examined by two neurologists and were of the Han ethnic background. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequencing were used to determine the genotype of each subject.

RESULTSA total of 312 PD patients (including 99 early-onset PD patients and 213 late-onset PD patients) and 236 controls were studied. The C/C homozygote was not found in this study. Chi-square analysis revealed that the frequencies of the C allele and T/C genotype were higher in total PD group but were not statistically different from those of the control group (P=0.6350 and 0.6331, respectively). After being stratified by age of onset, the frequency of T/C genotype was significantly higher (OR=3.52, 95%CI 0.97-13.13) in PD group with an onset age at or below 45 years old (7.07%), compared with that in the control group (2.12%). Similarly, C allele was much higher (OR=3.42, 95%CI 0.96-12.57, P=0.0276) in the early-onset PD group (3.90%) than that in the control group (1.06%). The linear trend analysis showed that both the T/C genotype and C allele increased significantly in the PD group with the increase of the onset age [chi-square(trend of Genotypes)=4.414, P=0.036; chi-square(trend of Alleles)=4.344, P=0.037]. On the other hand, there was no difference in the frequencies of allele and genotype between the late-onset PD patients and controls.

CONCLUSIONThe above results suggest that the parkin IVS3-20 T>C polymorphism might be a genetic risk factor for early-onset PD in Chinese.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sex Distribution ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics

BACKGROUNDDelirium is a common and deleterious complication in critically ill patients after surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of delirium in critically ill patients after non-cardiac surgery, and to investigate the relationship between the serum cortisol level and the occurrence of postoperative delirium.

METHODSIn a prospective cohort study, 164 consecutive patients who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit after non-cardiac surgery were enrolled. Baseline characteristics and perioperative variables were collected. Blood samples were obtained on the first postoperative day and serum cortisol concentrations were measured. Delirium was assessed using the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale until the seventh postoperative day or the disappearance of delirious symptoms.

RESULTSPostoperative delirium occurred in 44.5% of patients (73 of 164). The median time to first onset of delirium is 0 (range 0 to 5 days) and the median duration of delirium is 3 (1 to 13) days. Independent risk factors of postoperative delirium included increasing age (odds ratio (OR) 2.646, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.431 to 4.890, P = 0.002), a history of previous stroke (OR 4.499, 95%CI 1.228 to 16.481, P = 0.023), high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score on surgical intensive care unite admission (OR 1.391, 95%CI 1.201 to 1.612, P < 0.001), and high serum cortisol level on the 1st postoperative day (OR 3.381, 95%CI 1.690 to 6.765, P = 0.001). The development of delirium was linked to higher incidence of postoperative complications (28.8% vs. 7.7%, P < 0.001), and longer duration of hospitalization (18 (7 to 74) days vs. 13 (3 to 48) days, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSDelirium was a frequent complication in critically ill patients after non-cardiac surgery. High serum cortisol level was associated with increased incidence of postoperative delirium.

Aged ; Critical Illness ; Delirium ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

To study relevant risk factors of Shenmai injection induced adverse reactions by using Logistic model and ROC curve, and made the prediction for the occurrence of relevant adverse reactions/events. Case data of patients treated with Shenmai injection were collected by using the prospective, multi-center, large-sample, nested-case control method, in order to analyze the risk factors of Shenmai injection-induced adverse reactions/events, establish the logistic model and draw the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for risk factors. During the study, 7632 patients (including 3 477 males and 4 155 females) were included, and eight of them suffered adverse reactions/events. Based on a multi-factor Logistic model analysis, the age (> or = 50 years) (OR = 5.061, 95% CI: 2.197-7.924; P = 0.001), the total number of medication days (OR = -1.020, 95% CI: -l.652 - 0.388; P = 0.002) and the single dose (OR = 0.245, 95% CI: 0.127-0.364; P = 0.000) were significant independent risk factors for Shenmai injection-induced adverse reactions/events. According to the results, ROC curves were drawn with age (> or = 50 years), the total number of days of inedication and single dose; The area under ROC curves the joint predictor (0.9753, 95% CI: 0.9443-1.000, P < 0.005) was larger than that of the other three single indexes, with a higher risk prediction value. The independent risk factors for Shenmai injection-induced adverse reactions/events included the age (> or = 50 years), the total number of days of medication and single dose. In clinical practice, the age (> or = 50 years), the total number of days of medication and the medication dose can be substituted in the joint predictor calculation formula (P = 1 / [1 + e(-(-21.58 + 5.061 x Xage - 1.020 x Xd + 0.245 x X(mL)] to predict the potential adverse reactions of patients and adjust the dosage regimen.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult