Calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR) is a widely distributed G-protein coupled receptor.The activated CaSR plays an important role in many kinds of signaling pathway regulation, such as Ca2+ signaling pathway.It not only maintains the body calcium balance, but also is involved in the regulation of a variety of cell secretion, proliferation, apoptosis, and ion channel opening processes.CaSR expression is involved in stem cell migration, adhesion and homing in hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.The activated CaSR also regulated the function of itself and characteristics in stem cells through a variety of cell signaling pathways.We introduce the functions and characteristics of CaSR, the relationship between CaSR and disease, and review the effects of the biological characteristics on hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.

OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-hepatic fibrosis effects of Yidu tiaogan mixture on rats and its mechanism. METH-ODS:60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,colchicine group(positive control,0.2 mg/kg)and Yi-du tiaogan mixture low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(2.7,5.4,10.8 mL/kg). Except for normal group,liver fibrosis model was induced in other groups,and they were given relevant medicine intragastrically during modeling,once a day,for 8 weeks. Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA,PCⅢ,CⅣ,TIMP-1,MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-13,TGF-β1 and TNF-α and the levels of Hyp,SOD,GSH-Px,CAT,MDA,TGF-β1 and TNF-α in liver tissue were detected in rats. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the serum levels of ALT,AST,HA,PCⅢ,CⅣ,TIMP-1,MMP-2,TGF-β1 and TNF-α were increased significantly in model group,while the serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 were decreased significantly(P<0.05);the levels of Hyp,TGF-β1, TNF-α and MDA in liver tissue were increased significantly,while the levels of SOD,GSH-Px and CAT were decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.05). Compared with model group,the serum levels of ALT,AST,HA,PCⅢ,CⅣ,TIMP-1 and TNF-α as well as the levels of Hyp,TGF-β1,TNF-α and MDA in liver tissue were all decreased significantly of rats in Yidu tiaogan mixture medi-um-dose,high-dose and colchicine groups(P<0.05);the serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 as well as the level of CAT in liver tissue were increased significantly in Yidu tiaogan mixture high-dose group and colchicine group(P<0.05),while the serum levels of MMP-2 and TGF-β1 were decreased significantly(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in above indexes in Yidu tiao-gan mixture low-dose group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Yidu tiaogan mixture exerts protective effects on liver fibrosis of rat through regulating TIMP/MMP balance,suppressing oxidative stress,decreasing the level of TGF-β1 and reducing deposition of ex-tracellular matrix in liver.

The effects of FeSO_4 upon the physiologicproperties were studied with isolated guinea pig a-trium. The FeSO_4 0. 2mmol/L, makes the contrac-tility of the atrium muscle decrease from 100% ofcontrol to 67 ? 9%. The concentration ofepinephrine inducing automaticity increased andthe duration-intensity curve was shifted to theright. The functional refractory period (FRP) wasprolonged from 298 ? 26 ms to 402 ? 43 ms. Thenegative inotropism and the inhibition of the auto-maticity suggest that FeSO_4 may influence Ca~(2+)movement, while the excitability of suppressionand prolongation of FRP indicate that it may bedue to its inhibition of Na~+ influx.

Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; Child ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; beta-Lactamases ; biosynthesis

0bjective To analyze the factors related tO the changes of liver pathology in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.Methods Two hundred and eighty-eight HBeAg negative CHB patients were enrolled.Bivariate Pearson correlation was employed to analyze the correlation of different age,gender,alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level,the immunohistochemistry results of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in liver tissue with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level,changes of liver pathology.Results The inflammation grades and fibrosis stages of livertissuesinmale were 1.72±1.23 and 1.71±1.24,respectively;1.25±1.39 and 1.21±1.40 in female,respectively,which were significantly different (t=2.398,t-2.551;both P40 years old were all significantly higher than those<40 years old(t一2.060,t一2.536,t=2.808;all P<0.05).In patients with normal ALT levels,75 cases (52.03%) showed HBV DNA level≤1×103 copy/mL,56(38.89%) showed≥G2 of liver tissues; the ALT level and inflammation grade of liver tissues was significantly correlated(r:O.244,P-O.004).In patients with elevated ALT 1evels,42 cases (31.57%) showed HBV DNA level≤1×10s copy/mL,89 (66.92%) showed≥G2 of liver tissues; the ALT level and inflammation grade of liver tissues was not significantly correlated (r=0.007,P=0.939) .The inflammation/fibrosis of liver tissues,HBV DNA levels in patients with both HBsAg and HBcAg positive in liver tissues were significantly higher than those in other patients (P

Objective To explore the clinical application value of the expression levels of serum hypoxia induced factor-1α(HIF-1α),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)and CA125 in predicting the recurrence or metastasis of colon cancer after radical resection.Methods Totally 123 cases of colon cancer after radical surgery in our hospital from July 2009 to December 2013 were performed the retrospective analysis.The correlation between the serum markers levels with the recurrence or metastasis was dynamically analyzed.Results (1)The HIF-1αand CEA levels after operation in 123 cases of co-lon cancer were decreased significantly compared with before operation;(2)The HIF-1α,CEA and CA125 levels in 39 cases of re-currence or metastasis were significantly increased compared with those in 84 cases of non-recurrence or non-metastasis (P <0.05);(3)in 39 cases of recurrence or metastasis,the HIF-1α and CEA levels in recurrence or metastasis were increased signifi-cantly compared with those after the end of chemotherapy (P <0.05);(4)HIF-1αwas positively correlated to VEGF(P <0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of HIF-1αand CEA in the patients with colon cancer are positively correlated with recurrence or me-tastasis,the dynamically combined detection of serum markers has an important significance for predicting and early find recurrence or metastasis after radical operation in colon cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of 2 kinds of fiber posts with different optical conductivity on the polymerization of resin cement in deep root canal.Methods:16 human premolars with single root were decoronated and randomly divided into 2 groups(n=8),which were restored using fiber posts with and without optical conductivity(i-TFC optical fiber post and Panavia post) respectively.Fiber posts were luted with light-curing resin cement and light cured.3 dentin slabs with fiber posts located at cervical,middle and apical 1/3 were harvested from each root.Knoop microhardness(HK) of the resin cement in each slab was measured using microindentation and the relative curing rate (RCR) was also examined,data were submitted to two-way ANOVA.Results:As the depth in the canal increased,the HK and RCR of the resin cement was decreased in both groups.At the cervical and middle 1/3 HK and RCR were not statistically different between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).At the apical 1/3 of the optical and Panavia group,the RCR of the resin cement was 69.89％ and 50.05％ (P＜0.05),the HK was 33.25 ± 3.04 and 23.08 ± 5.93 (P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusion:The optical fiber post is useful in promoting the polymerization of the resin cement in deep root canal.

Objective To explore the optimal timing of termination of pregnancy,we analyzed the different gestational age in repeat cesarean delivery and maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods This was a retrospective study.The information of cesarean sections was collected from maternal obstetric records in the electronic medical recording system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 1,2011 to June 30,2013,and women with intrauterine viable singleton pregnancies delivered after 37 weeks of gestation without prenatal complications were selected.They were divided into five groups with different gestational weeks.Maternal general information,perioperative outcome and rate of neonatal adverse event were analyzed with one way ANOVA analysis and Chi-square test.Results A total of 579 cases of elective repeat cesarean at term were performed.The ratios of cesarean section prior to 39 and 39-39+6 weeks of gestation were 64.6％ (374/579) and 29.0％ (168/579),respectively.No fetal,neonatal or maternal death occurred.There were no statistically significant differences in the termination of pregnancy at 37-37+6 weeks,38 38+6 weeks,39-39+6 weeks,40 weeks and ≥ 41 weeks between the two time intervals for cesarean section (P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the length of hospitalization [(4.9±3.0),(4.3 ± 1.3),(4.3 ± 1.0),(4.5± 1.2) and (4.0±0.7) d,respectively; F=2.849,P＜0.05].No significant difference was observed in the maternal BMI,placental membrane residue,maternal perioperative bleeding,premature rupture of membrane (PROM),intensive care unit (ICU) admission and uterine resection (P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences among the five groups in neonatal weight [(3 082.9±479.2),(3 318.1 ±390.8),(3 415.7±431.1),(3 630.5±475.2) and (3 334.0±242.5) g,F=13.798] and length [(48.8± 1.5),(49.3± 1.5),(49.6± 1.5),(50.0± 1.5) and (47.8±3.9) cm,F=7.460; both P＜0.05].One min and 5 min Apgar scores also showed statistically significant differences [1 min:(9.7±0.7),(9.8±0.6),(9.8±0.4),(9.7±0.5) and (8.8±2.7) ; F=4.432; 5 min:(9.9±0.3),(10.0±0.3),(10.0±0.2),(10.0±0.2) and (9.2± 1.8),F=9.625; all P＜0.05].The overall rates of neonatal adverse events,including the admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICU),the rates of cardiopulmonary resuscitation or ventilator therapy,asphyxiation,as well as the length of stay in NICU ≥ 5 d among the five groups also showed statistically significant differences [overall:5.4％ (5/93),1.8％ (5/281),0.6％ (1/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 2/5,x2=16.812;NICU:3.2％ (3/93),1.1％ (3/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5; x2=1 1.294; cardiopulmonary resuscitation or ventilator therapy:2.2％ (2/93),0.7％ (2/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％(0/32) and 1/5,x2=10.584; asphyxiation:1.1％ (1/93),0.7％ (2/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5,x2=9.637; NICU ≥ 5 d:3.2％ (3/93),1.1％ (3/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5,x2=1 1.294; P＜0.05].The risks of neonatal adverse outcomes in delivery at 37-38+6 weeks were:OR=1.1(95％CI:1.0-2.1) at 37 37+6 weeks,OR=1.3 (95％CI:0.9-1.9) at 38-38+6 weeks,compared with delivery at 39-39+6 weeks.Conclnsions The percentage of repeat cesarean delivery prior to 39 weeks of gestation is high in our hospital,early termination of pregnancy would not reduce the maternal perioperative adverse outcome,but may increase the risk of neonatal adverse events.Taking into account the maternal benefit,we suggest 39 39+6 weeks of gestation as the best time of elective repeat cesarean in order to reduce the risk of neonatal adverse events.

Objective To analyze blood Met、 Phe 、Tyr、 Arg、 Cit、 Orn、 Ser、 Thr、 C0、 C2、 C3、 C14、C14 ∶ 1 , C16 , C16 ∶ 1 , C18 , C18 ∶ 1 and urine 4-OH-PHPLA , 4-OH-PHPPA level of NICCD patient and discuss the application value of diagnosis NICCD. Methods From May 2011 to May 2015, 21 NICCD patient were diagnose in Guangxi Newborn Screening Center. Meanwhile, 100 normal children were selected as the control group. Blood Met, Phe, Tyr and other factors and urine 4-OH-PHPLA, 4-OH-PHPPA level were analyzed by SPSS. Results In the experimental group, blood Met, Phe, Tyr and many other indexes and urine 4-OH-PHPLA, 4-OH-PHPPA level were higher and blood Orn/Cit were lower than the control group(P < 0.05), while blood C2and Cit/Arg were increased (P > 0.05). Conclusion NICCD patient has abnormal biochemical index. Blood test by TMS and urine test by GC-MS are very important in NICCD diagnosis.

?AIM:To compare the coherence and difference on the fundus examination made with two kinds of optical coherence tomography ( OCT): Angio-OCT and fourier domain-optical coherence tomography ( FD-OCT) .?METHODS:Using Angio-OCT and FD-OCT to measure the retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness, optic parameters, and ganglion cell complexes ( GCC ) thickness from 20 subjects respectively.The coherence was tested with Pearson's correlation coefficient, the difference was tested with paired Student t testing.?RESULTS:The total correlation of the RNFL thickness, optic parameters, GCC thickness made with two kinds of OCT was between 0.7-0.8;the RNFL thickness, optic disk area etc.made with the Angio-OCT were lower than those made with FD-OCT except for the GCC thickness.?CONCLUSION: The results made with two kinds of OCT from the same subject has certain coherence, but cannot be compared directly.