In the cultural construction of independent institute,there exist the contradiction between tradition and innovation,cultural conflicts between private enterprises and the university.Therefore,adhering to the people-centered concept,coordinating tradition and innovation,merging the advantages of university culture and private enterprises culture into a whole,cultivating the unique spiritual culture,harmonious system culture and unified material culture of independent institute,forming the distinctive “Institute Culture” with its own cultural tradition will provide reference for the theory and practice to enrich and improve the connotative development of independent institute.

Objective To observe the polymorphism of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)gene and the changes of nitric oxide(NO)in cerebral infarct.Methods The prospective case-control study was employed.Cases contained 193 subjects with cerebral infarction of internal carotid artery system within 2 weeks.Controls contained 103 subjects which came from the normal health checkup.The polymorphism in intron 4 of endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)gene were detected.NO content was measured by Griess diazotization assay and NOS activity by enzynatic assay.Results There were 48 subjects with allele a in intron 4 of eNOS gene(eNOS4a)in cases and 12 in controls.The frequencies of eNOS4a in cases was higher than that in controls(χ2=8.86,P=0.003).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis confirmed that eNOS4a was an independent risk factors for cerebral infarction(P=0.032).NO production and NOS activity were 6.04(3.83～11.49)μmol/L,(2.97±1.47)U/ml,respectively in cases,and 6.89(4.64～12.43)μmol/L,(3.16±1.46)U/ml,respectively in controls.NO production in cases were significantly lower than that in controls(P=0.022).There was not differential in NOS activity between these two groups(P=0.517).NO production and NOS activity were 5.07(3.18～7.62)μmol/L,(2.77±1.13)U/ml,respectively in the subjects with eNOS4a,and 6.89(4.64～12.43)μmol/L,(3.12±1.54))U/ml,respectively in the subjects without eNOS4a.NO production in the subjects with eNOS4a were significantly lower than that in the subjects without eNOS4a(P=0.001).The NOS activities were not significantly different in subjects with or without eNOS4a(P=0.100).Conclusion eNOS4a possibly exerted some effects on cerebral infarction by diminishing NO.

BackgroundRetinal astrocytes are the main glial cells of retina,their origin and evolution progress are always the hot and difficult points in domestic and foreign researches. ObjectiveThis study was to explore the origin and development of retinal astrocytes in human fetal retina.Methods Thirty-three human embryonic eyes were collected from the abortion with the embryonic ages of 8-12 gestation weeks (20 eyes),15-17 gestation weeks ( 2 eyes),19-23 gestation weeks ( 4 eyes ),25 - 28 gestation weeks ( 4 eyes ),30 - 32 gestation weeks (3 eyes).The section of eyeball wall was prepared to observe the morphology and structure of different embryonic ages of retinas by regular histopathology examination.The origin of human embryonic retinal astrocytes was assessed by evaluating the change of GFAP expression in different embryonic ages of retinas using immunochemistry and immunofluorescence under the light and laser scanning confocal microscope.Theresearch was approved by the the Ethics Committee.Results The optic cup in embryonic 6- 7 weeks was in the retinal layering phase.Some immature short or round spindle-like cells appeared in primitive non-cell layer in the inner layer of the optic cup in embryonic 9 weeks of eyes.There were no positive GFAP-immunoactive cell was detected until embryonic 15 weeks of eyes.Some spindle-like cells migrated from a single layer primitive neuroepithelium next to optic disc expressing GFAP in the eyes with embryonic 19 weeks,and positive immunostaing for GFAP were detected in stellate cells surround blood vessels,and some seem to form the vessel wall in the ganglion cell layer and nerve fiber layer of the fetal central retina from 25 weeks through 26 weeks.Some positive response cells for GFAP presented in inner layer of the retina closed to ora serrata with the connection to nonpigmented epithelium (NPE) of the ciliary body during this period.Human retinal astrocytes showed typical stellate-like in shape,and the cellular processes crossed into inner plexiform layer in embryonic 28-week eyes.Conclusions Human retinal astrocytes mainly seem to have three kinds of origin in human embryonic eyes,and they are vascular precursor cell/pericytes,primitive neuroepithelium and nonpigmented epithelium of the ciliary body.

Objective To investigate the effects of Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)on IL-1βinduced MIN6 cells apoptosis. M.Methods The experiment group was divided into control group,IL-1β group,IL-1β+ EGCG low concentration group and IL-1β+EGCG high concentration group.Cell activity was detected by CCK8.Insulin secretion was detected by ELISA.cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by flow cytometry.ATP content and cell ac-tivity of ROS were detected by colorimetry and chemiluminescence method.Results Compared with normal group,IL-1β group showed much lower cell activity,insulin secretion,cell mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content,and at the same time IL-1βgroup had significantly higher cell apoptosis and ROS activities.After given EGCG,both low concentration group and high con-centration group had higher cell activity,insulin secretion,cell mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content,at the same time lower cell apoptosis and ROS activities was showed.And the IL-1β+EGCG high concentration group worked more powerful.Con-clusion EGCG has protective effects on IL-1βinduced MIN6 cells apoptosis.Its mechanism may be related to increasing the content of the ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential and protecting mitochondrial function as well reducing the activity of ROS.

SCHWABE Company in German is the first and largest manufacturer of Ginkgo biloba preparation. The company not only has leading technology in this field, but also protects its own market effectively through the high quality of patent drafting and exactly patent layout. Based on multi-angle analysis for patent portfolio of G. biloba preparation at application time, legal status, globally layout, Chinese layout, the article provides technical reference of research and development of G. biloba, also provides valuable experience of traditonal Chinese medicine patent portfolio layout for Chinese enterprises.
Drug Industry ; economics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; trends ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Patents as Topic ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Phytotherapy ; economics ; trends ; Plant Preparations ; isolation & purification ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; trends

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the inhibitory effect of genistin combined with anastrozole on the growth and apoptosis of breast tumor tissue, and to study their anti-cancer mechanism by using the model of 7,12-dimethylbenz [alpha] anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors following ovariectomy in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.

METHODSThe DMBA induced postmenopausal SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, the genistein group, the anastrozole group, and the genistein combined with anastrozole group. The growth of tumors was observed in each group. The proliferation index and apoptosis index of tumor cells were determined. Moreover, estradiol (E2) and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA levels were determined by ELISA and RT-PCR respectively.

RESULTSThe tumor growth was inhibited in the genistein group and the anastrozole group. The inhibitory ratio was significantly higher in the genistein combined with anastrozole group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, levels of E2 and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA decreased more significantly in the genistein combined with anastrozole group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGenistein could suppress the growth of mammary tumors in postmenopausal rats. It showed synergistic effect when combined with anastrozole, which resulted in reduced levels of E2 and 17beta-HSD1 mRNA. It had inhibitory effect on the growth of breast tumors.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Estradiol ; metabolism ; Female ; Genistein ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Nitriles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Ovariectomy ; Postmenopause ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triazoles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

Aim To investigate the effect of salidroside on the phenotypic expression of osteoblast and the possible molecular mechanism in hypoxia environment.Methods MTT, Annexin V/PI double staining, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity assay and enzyme-linked immnosorbent assay(ELISA) were performed respectively to detect the effect of salidroside on regulating phenotypic expression of MG-63 cells exposed to hypoxia.Then RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to detect the expression levels of Osterix and Runx2 which were related to differentiation.At last, we investigated the expression levels of components of the HIF-1α pathway by RT-PCR,Western blot and ELISA, respectively.Immunofluorescence confocal microscope technology and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of HIF-1α.Results Salidroside could markedly promote MG-63 cell proliferation, inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis, stimulate cell differentiation and promote expression levels of components of the HIF-1α pathway in hypoxia environment.Conclusion Salidroside could regulate phenotypic expression of MG-63 cells through HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway in hypoxia environment.

ObjectiveTo look into the distribution of “iodine suitable” region in iodine-deficient areas in Shandong province and to provide a scientific basis for guiding the redesignate of iodine-deficient areas and launch scientific supply of iodine.Methods One to 3 copies of water source samples were collected in 105 existing iodine-deficient counties by village.Water iodine content was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.The areas with water iodine content below 10 μg/L was defined as iodine-deficient areas and among 10 - 150 μg/L were “iodine suitable areas” and greater than 150 μg/L were high iodine areas.Results The research was carried out in 14 cities,105 counties,and 1337 towns.We collected 65 716 water samples.Sample recovery efficiency reached 99.8％.The median of water iodine was 5.57 μg/L.In the 1337 towns surveyed,there were 82.05％(1097/1337) of the township with water iodine median ＜ 10 μg/L,17.43％(233/1337) between 10 - 150 μg/L,and 0.52％(7/1337) ＞ 150 μg/L.Conclusions In Shandong province,the water “iodine suitable” regions are distributed scattered with considerable proportion.In iodine-deficient areas,there are areas with high water iodine,and iodine-deficient regions should be redrawn.Emphasis should be put on iodine nutritional status of residents in “high iodine and iodine suitable” regions,and iodine supplementation should be carries out scientifically.

OBJECTIVETo construct the acid-sensitive potassium hannel-3(TASK3) eukaryotic expression plasmid and to establish a stable SH-SY5Y cell line expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged TASK3.

METHODSTASK3 coding region was subcloned into pEGFP-N1 plasmid to construct a recombinant vector alled pEGFP-TASK3. The correct recombinant expressing plasmid was transfected with X-feet transfection reagent to SH-SY5Y cells. The cell line stably expressiing EGFP tagged-TASK3 gene was established by screening with antibiotic G418 and fluorescence microscope. The expression and localization of the EGFP tagged-TASK3 fusion protein was detected by Western blot and confocal microscope. Exposure of the SH-SY5Y cell line expressing stably TASK3-eGFP fusion proteins was exposed to different pH media (7.0, 6.7, 6.4, 6.1) for 24 h, the cell viability was assessed with cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8).

RESULTSAll the results of identification by PCR, digestion with restriction endonuclease and sequencing indicated that the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-TASK3 was constructed correctly. The stable SH-SY5Y cell line expressing EGFP tagged-TASK3 fusion protein was successfully established. Exposure of the wild type SH-SY5Y cells and the stable SH-SY5Y-GFP tag-TASK3 cell line to different pH media (7.0, 6.7, 6.4, 6.1) for 24 h, the cell viability of two group cells significantly reduced with pH declining, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with wild type SH-SY5Y cells, the cell viability of stable SH-SYSY-GFP tag-TASK3 cell line increased significantly with the same pH media, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-TASK3 is successfully constructed and the cell line stably expressing TASK3-eGFP fusion is established which is important for their fundamental research and potential applications.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta ) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) gene polymorphisms are associated with endometriosis (EMs) in Chinese women.

METHODSOne hundred and thirty-eight patients with EMs and 100 women without EMs were enrolled in the study. Polymorphisms for IL-1 beta-511 promoter, IL-1 beta exon 5, and IL-1RA were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).

RESULTThere were no significant differences about the distribution of the genotypes and alleles of IL-1 beta -511 promoter and IL-1 beta exon 5 in two groups (P > 0.05). The frequencies of A1/A1, A1/A2, A1/A4 and A2/A2 of IL-1RA gene were 84.1 %, 12.3 %, 2.9 % and 0.7 % in EMs and 95 % , 4 % ,1 % and 0 % in controls, respectively (P=0.042). The A1, A2 and A4 alleles were 91.7 % , 6.9 % and 1.4 % in EMs and 97.5 % , 2 % and 0.5 % in controls (P=0.019). In comparison with the reference genotype, the wild A1/A1 homozygote, the odds ratio for A1/A2 was 3.48 (95 % CI: 1.13 - 10.69). Compared with the A1 allele, the odds ratio for the A2 allele was 3.66 (95 % CI: 1.23 - 10.94).

CONCLUSIONAssociation between the IL-1 beta-511 promoter,IL-1 beta exon 5 polymorphisms and EMs in China is not found. However, the A2 allele of IL-1RA gene may be one of the risk factors for the Chinese women in Zhejiang Province to suffer EMs.

Adult ; Alleles ; China ; Endometriosis ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein ; genetics ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic