asic life care should be carried out immediately.

Objective To investigate the value of urine L-type fatty acid-binding protein (uL-FABP) and uric neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), and predict the value of poor outcomes (injury progression,dialysis,or death within 7 days ) in critically ill patients with early acute kidney injury (AKI) at time of nephropathy consultation. Methods One hundred and twenty-five patients with evidence of the AKIN criteria stage1 AKI were enrolled in this study. At time of nephropathy consultation , urinary samples were collected. The levels of uL-FABP and uNGAL were measured. Each marker was assessed for its predictive value using an area under the receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC-AUC) to predict AKI prognosis. Results Twenty-eight patients developed poor outcome. It was 0.81 in ROC-AUC in uL-FABP , in,which it could be improved to 0.83 when combined with APACHEⅡscore (0.75 in ROC-AUC). The ROC-AUC of uNGAL was 0.66, in which it could not impove its predictive power significantly when combined with APACHEⅡscore. Conclusion Among critically ill patients with early AKI , uL-FABP provided an independent and prognostic power when combined with APACHEⅡscore and the level of uL-FABP at time of nephropathy consultation helps to predict clinical outcome in critically ill patients with early AKI.

Objective To investigate the association between a polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase with Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate(NSCL/P)in Chinese population. Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)technique was used to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP), rs1801131, at the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR)gene in both 158 patients with NSCL/P and 192 healthy individuals. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for genotypic distributions was estimated by the goodness-of-fit test. The UNPHASED program was applied to perform the association analysis. Results The genotypic distribution of A1298C was not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both controls and patients. No association was found between cleft lip with or without palate(CL/P)and controls. There was significant difference of cleft palate only(CPO)and the healthy individuals(χ2＝4.256, P=0.039). The frequency of AC+CC genotype was higher in control group than that in CPO group(OR=0.8, 95%CI=0.381-1.683),26 among 100 healthy individuals carried AC+CC genetypes,which were carried by 22% of CPO patients. Conclusions The polymorphism of MTHFR A1298C may be involved in the occurrence of non-syndromic cleft palate only in Chinese population.

OBJECTIVETo assess factors predisposing to proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

METHODSA case-control study was conducted on two groups of patients with type 2 diabetes without proteinuria (urine protein < 300 mg/24 h, n = 106) and with proteinuria (urine protein >or= 500 mg/24 h, n = 106). The two groups were matched by age (+/- 3 years), sex, race and place of residence. Information on these subjects including demography, history of disease, family history of diseases, lifestyle and behavioral variables, were obtained through questionnaire. Variables including blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), quantity of protein in 24-h urine were measured. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis was then performed.

RESULTSFactors that were independently associated with the development of proteinuria, would include occupation, diabetic duration, glycemic control, hypertension, duration of hypertension and daily intake of vegetable after diagnosis of DM. Their corresponding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.429 (1.299 - 4.542), 1.078 (1.029 - 1.131), 2.316 (1.341 - 3.998), 1.810 (1.059 - 3.092), 1.043 (1.012 - 1.074) and 0.551 (0.334 - 0.907), respectively, while the presence of proteinuria was not associated with family history of DM, family history of hypertension, certain dietary habits and smoking habit. Multivariate logistic regression model was then fitted with three variables, including diabetic duration, glycemic control and hypertension.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of proteinuria in labor workers was higher than that in intellectuals. Longer history of diabetic duration, poor glycemic control, hypertension and longer duration of hypertension all independently contributed to the development of proteinuria. The risk of proteinuria decreased with increasing daily intake of vegetables after the patients being diagnosed as having DM.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Proteinuria ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and several fluoride products in inhibiting enamel demineralization.

METHODSSeventy healthy premolars extracted before orthodontic treatment were divided into seven groups (A: CPP-ACP; B: CPP-ACP + fluoride mouth rinses; C: fluoride mouth rinses; D: fluoride glass ionomer protection; E: fluoride resin binder; F: fluoride varnish; G: control group). There were ten samples in each group. The teeth were dipped into an artificial caries solution ten minutes at a time, then applied separately with CPP-ACP, CPP-ACP + fluoride mouth rinses, fluoride mouth rinses, fluoride glass ionomer protection, fluoride resin binder and fluoride varnish on labial enamel. The samples were dipped into an artificial saliva solution (37°C). Then all samples were examined with atomic force microscope (AFM) at the end of first, second and third monthes.

RESULTSAt the end of the first month, surface roughness in group D [(114 ± 1) nm] was significantly lower than that in group G[(172 ± 9) nm]. At the end of the second month and the third month, significant difference was found in surface roughness between group G and the rest of groups (P < 0.05); between group B and the rest of groups; and between group C and groups (D, E and F).

CONCLUSIONSCPP-ACP and fluoride could both inhibit enamel demineralization in vitro. Solid fluoride (groups D, E and F) had better results than liquid fluoride (group C).

Adolescent ; Bicuspid ; ultrastructure ; Caseins ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Dental Enamel ; ultrastructure ; Fluorides ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Random Allocation ; Tooth Demineralization ; prevention & control ; Tooth Remineralization

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between STXBP1 gene mutations and refractory seizures with unknown causes in newborns.

METHODSThe coding region of STXBP1 gene was detected using direct Sanger sequencing in 11 newborns with refractory seizures of unknown causes.

RESULTSSTXBP1 gene mutation was found in 1 out of 11 patients. It was a missense mutation: c.1439C>T (p.P480L).

CONCLUSIONSSTXBP1 gene mutation can be found in neonatal refractory seizures of unknown causes, suggesting a new approach of further research of this disease.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Munc18 Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Seizures ; genetics

Based on the typical characteristics of existing incentive and regulation in the pharmaceutical industry in China,the innovation incentive policy of the pharmaceutical industry can be divided into two types:incentive policy,and regulatory policy.This paper reviewed the research progress on the influence of price regulation policy,health insurance payment policy,centralized procurement regulation and incentive policy on the innovation of pharmaceutical industry.The present paper puts also forward the future research direction.Based on the literature review,it has been found that the futnre researches in this field should be based on the management practice situation in China,and make a breakthrough from the following three aspects-asymmetric information,comprehensive action mechanism from variable policy instruments,and introduction of new research paradigm.This research provides a theoretical reference for the research and decision-making of the innovation incentive policy in the pharmaceutical industry.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of bedside teaching and training in specialized ability training among the nurses who worked for 2-5 years.Methods Cluster random sampling was used for investigation of 6 medical wards and 6 surgical wards selected from a hospital .And all study subjects were divided into two groups by random number table method:45 nurses who worked for 2-5 years from 3 medical wards and 3 surgical wards in the experiment group , and 43 nurses who worked for 2-5 years from another 3 medical wards and 3 surgical wards in the control group .The nurses in the control group were given the conventional training , and the nurses in the experiment group were given specialty training and teaching by the bed.The nurses’ satisfaction with training, theoretical knowledge and comprehensive abilities in the two groups of nurses were evaluated by the satisfaction questionnaire , closed-book exam and comprehensive capacity evaluation form, respectively.Results In the observation group of 45 nurses, the nurses’ satisfaction with training after the implementation of training was 95.6 %, and higher than 77.8%before the implementation of training, the difference was statistically significant between after and before the implementation of training (χ2 =4.377, P<0.05);the score of theoretical knowledge after the implementation of training was (80.4 ±16.5), and higher than (69.8 ±13.6) before the implementation of training , the difference was statistically significant between after and before the implementation of training (t=4.862, P<0.01).After the implementation of training, the nurses’ satisfaction with training in the control group of 43 nurses was 83.7%, and lower than that in the observation group , the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 =3.354, P<0.05);the score of theoretical knowledge in the control group was (72.7 ±17.6), and lower than that in the observation group, the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t=2.110, P<0.05).In the observation group , the scores of communication , specialized and practical operation , specialized health education guidance , the ability to observe and discovery the problem by using the specialized knowledge , and the ability to analyze and solve the problem by using the specialized knowledge were (5.8 ±1.8), (6.8 ± 1.5), (5.9 ±1.3), (6.4 ±1.7) and (6.0 ±2.0) after the implementation of training, respectively, which were higher than those of (4.9 ±2.0), (5.8 ±1.5), (4.9 ±2.1), (5.4 ±1.2) and (5.1 ±1.3) before the implementation of training points , these differences were statistically significant ( t=2.244, 3.162, 2.716, 3.224, 2.531, respectively;P<0.05).After the implementation of training, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups on the scores of communication , specialized and practical operation , specialized health education guidance , the ability to observe and discovery the problem by using the specialized knowledge, and the ability to analyze and solve the problem (t=2.282,2.553,2.235,2.344,respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions The application of bedside teaching in specialized ability training can significantly improve the nurses ’ satisfaction with training , theoretical knowledge and comprehensive abilities among the nurses who worked for 2-5 years, which is worth of nurse managers and educators to learn and use .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) combined adjuvant chemotherapy in postponing relapse and metastasis of radical resected Ib-IIIa stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to explore its effect in improving their quality of life (QOL) and clinical symptoms.

METHODSWe designed a cohort study of 336 radical resected Ib-IIIa NSCLC patients by analyzing disease free survival (DFS) using Log-rank test. They were randomly assigned to the control group (155 cases, treated by adjuvant chemotherapy group) and the test group (181 cases, treated by adjuvant chemotherapy combined CM). By using controlled method, 60 radical resected NSCLC patients undergoing NP/NC program in 2012 (vinorelbine 25 mg/m2, combined with cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 8/on day 1 or on day 1, 2, and 3; or carboplatin AUC = 5 on day 1) were assigned to the control group (29 cases) and the test group (31 cases). QOL scores (using EORTC QLQ-LC43 questionnaire) and TCM symptoms scores were compared between the two groups before chemotherapy, peri-chemotherapy (one day before the 2nd course of chemotherapy) , and after chemotherapy (20 days after ending the 4th course of chemotherapy).

RESULTS(1) The median DFS was longer in the test group than in the control group, but with no statistical difference between the two groups (42.73 months vs 35.57 months , P = 0.179). In the subgroup analysis, there was statistical difference in IIIa stage DFS. The median IIIa stage DFS of was longer in the test group than in the control group with statistical difference (27.87 months vs 19. 93 months, P = 0.047). (2) In the control study, repeated measured data indicated there was significant difference in physical functions between the two groups (P < 0.05). Total scores for health states decreased more in the test group than in the control group, but with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Scores for constipation and CM syndrome scores were higher in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCM had advantages in postponing DFS of radical resected NSCLC patients, especially in IIIa stage. CM could improve their QOL and clinical symptoms during adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carboplatin ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; Cohort Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Quality of Life ; Vinblastine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the changes in the proliferation and synthetic function of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLF) in response to dynamic mechanical strains of different modes, magnitudes and durations.

METHODSUsing a 4-point bending system, the effect of dynamic mechanical strains of different modes, magnitudes and durations on the proliferation of HPDLF was investigated by analyzing the cell cycle changes with flow cytometry (FCM), and the total protein level and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in HPDLF were assayed by quantitative analysis.

RESULTSThe percentage of G(0)/G(1) cell decreased, S phase cells increased, and the proliferation index (PI), total protein level and activity of ALP were augmented significantly in response to dynamic mechanical micro-strains. These changes showed close correlations to the magnitude and duration of the strain. The mode of strain caused significant changes in G(0)/G(1), S, and G(2)/M phase cell percentages as well as the PI, total protein level and ALP activity of the cells. In the gradient strain group, the cell proliferation activity, total protein level and ALP activity were obviously higher than those in 1000 and 4000 microstrain groups.

CONCLUSIONThe changes in the proliferation and synthetic function of HPDLF are closely correlated to the mode, magnitude and duration of the strains.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; cytology ; Proteins ; analysis ; Stress, Mechanical