Six taxane diterpenoids were isolated from the stem bark of Tax us cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.. On the basis of physical and chemical properties and spectra analysis,they were identified as 2'-de sacetoxyaustrospicatine(Ⅰ). taxol(Ⅱ),cephalomannine (Ⅲ), 2-deacetoxyl taxinine J (Ⅳ),taxinine B(Ⅴ) and 10-deacetyl-7-0-?-Dxylosyl-taxol (Ⅵ).

All previous literatures about Chinese herbal medicines show distinctive traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) flavors. Compendium of Materia Medica is an influential book in TCM history. The TCM flavor theory and flavor standardization principle in this book has important significance for modern TCM flavor standardization. Compendium of Materia Medica pays attention to the flavor theory, explain the relations between the flavor of medicine and its therapeutic effects by means of Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties. However,the book has not reflected and further developed the systemic theory, which originated in the Jin and Yuan dynasty. In Compendium of Materia Medica , flavor are standardized just by tasting medicines, instead of deducing flavors. Therefore, medicine tasting should be adopted as the major method to standardize the flavor of medicine.
Materia Medica ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reference Standards ; Taste

The study is aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on yield and quality of the Salvia miltiorrhiza. The plant growth regulators was spraying on Salvia plants in July or August in field experiment, then the yield, ingredient content and the antioxidant activity were determined. The results showed that plant growth regulator 'Zhuanggenling' could increase the yield of Salvia with root-planting by 38.45%. Plant growth regulator 'Duoxiaozuo' could increase the yield of Salvia with seedling planting by 14.19%. Both plant growth regulator significantly reduced the antioxidant activity of Salvia in vitro, but they had no significant effect on active ingredient contents.
Diterpenes, Abietane ; analysis ; Phenanthrenes ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; drug effects ; growth & development

China ; Industry ; standards ; Occupational Health Services ; standards ; Reference Standards

Objective To establish the RP-HPLC method for determination of Bruchine and Strychine in Pingxiao Tablet. Methods The lichrospher C18 (4.6 mm?250 mm, 5 ?m) was Used as the stationary phase. The Mobile phase consisted of water-acetonitrile (60∶40) with 1.7 g sodium dodecylsulphate and 3.4 g KH2PO4 in 1 000 mL mixture. The Detecting wavelength was 254 nm and flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 25 ℃. Result The linear ranage of Bruchine and Strychine were 0.102～0.918 ?g and 0.208 ～ 1.872 ?g respectively. The recovery rates of bruchine and strychnine were 101.07% (RSD=2.26%) and 99.29% (RSD=2.79%) respectively. Conclusion This method is realiable and accurate, the method can be applied to determination the contents of Bruchine and Strychine in Pingxiao Tablet.

To study the change in mGluR1? in CA 1 after infrasonic damage and the effect of its antagonist MCPG,120 SD rats were randomizied into infrasonic damage group and MCPG therapy group.The two groups were subdivided into control group and 1 challenge, 7 chellenges, 14 challenge groups respectively,each group consisted of 15 rats. Rats were exposed to 8Hz 130dB infrasound as designed,2h for each challenge.The mGluR1? was stained by immunohistochemistry method.The changes in mGluR1? and cell pattern were observed under light and electronic microscopes.The results showed the number of mGluR1? positive neurons increased after 1 challenge infrasonic damage( P 0 05).MCPG had an effect to protect neuron from infrasonic damage as identified by morphology.It is concluded that the change of mGluR1? activity could mediate excitotoxicity and was one of the major factors related with neuron injury after infrasound.

Objective To investigate the influence of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E6 gene silencing by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression and the promoter hypermethylation status of E-cadherin (E-cad) in cervical cancer SiHa cell line. Methods siRNA which used lentivirus as the vector was used to knock down the HPV16E6 gene in cervical cancer SiHa cell line. The expression levels of HPV16E6 mRNA, E-cad mRNA and protein in siRNA-HPV16E6 SiHa cell line were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) method was used to detect the methylation status of E-cad gene (CDH1) promoter in siRNA-HPV16E6 SiHa cell line. Results The E-cad mRNA expression levels in siRNA E6 group, empty vector group and blank control group were 4.755±1.085, 1.224± 0.840, 1.327±1.221, respectively. The protein expression levels were 0.616±0.019, 0.325±0.016, 0.299±0.015, respectively. The expressions of E-cad mRNA and protein in siRNA E6 group were significantly higher than those in the empty vector group and blank control group (F = 21.346, P < 0.01; F = 323.398, P < 0.01), and the difference between the empty vector group and blank control group was not statistically significant (P >0.05). After knocking down HPV16E6 gene, the methylation status of E-cad gene was weakly positive, and the intensity of the amplified products was significantly weaker than that in the empty vector group and blank control group, while the unmethylation amplification was positive. Conclusions Knocking down the HPV16E6 gene increases the expression of E-cad in cervical cancer SiHa cell line, and decreases the level of CDH1 promoter methylation. To a certain extent, it partly reverses the hypermethylation status of CDH1 promoter, and causes E-cad to be re-expressed.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the organic acid part from Camptosorus sibiricus.Methods The compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel column and identified on the basis of physicochemical constants and spectral analysis.Results Ten compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 11,12,15-trihydroxy-13-en-octadecenoic acid(Ⅰ),caffeic acid(Ⅱ),courmaric acid(Ⅲ),protocatechuic acid(Ⅳ),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(Ⅴ),isovanillic acid(Ⅵ),2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(Ⅶ),cinnamic acid(Ⅷ),succinic acid(Ⅸ),palmitic acid(Ⅹ).Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound named as camptosoric acid and compounds Ⅲ-Ⅹ are obtained from the plants of Camptosorus Link for the first time.

Background Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a manifestation secondary to multiple fundus diseases and often leads to the decline of visual acuity.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a common diagnostic method for CME,but it can not reflect the metabolism information of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).Shortwave autofluorescence (SW-AF)may find the abnormality of macula,but its clinical value remains to be confirmed.Objective This study was to investigate the value of SW-AF in the diagnosis of CME.Methods One hundred and eighty-nine eyes of 140 patients who have the relative diseases to CME or received intraocular surgery were included from May 2010 to August 2011 in Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo city.SW-AF,infrared autofluorescence (IRAF),fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and OCT were performed in all the eyes under the informed consent of each patient.The sensitivity,specificity and other indicators in diagnostic test of SW-AF for CME were evaluated and compared with OCT.Results SW-AF had certain accuracy in diagnosis of CME with the sensitivity 78.29％,specificity 96.67％,Youden index 0.75,positive predictive value 98.06％,negative predictive value 67.44％.The area under curve (AUC) of SW-AF for the diagnosis of CME was 0.875 with the 95％ confidence interval (CI) 0.823-0.926 (P＜0.001).Compared with OCT,the differences of SW-AF and IR-AF in the diagnosis for CME was statistically significant(x2 =22.53,91.35,both at P＜0.001),and agreement coefficients of diagnosis result between SW-AF、IR-AF or FFA and OCT were 0.67,0.12 and 0.85.Conclusions SW-AF can be used as a new rapid,non-invasive,ancillary technique in diagnosis of CME with certain accuracy,and the diagnostic agreement of SW-AF with OCT is lower than FFA but is higher than IR-AF.

Objective To investigate the changes in the metabolism of neurotransmitters in different regions of the brain induced by propofol in healthy volunteers using the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technology.Methods IH-MRS was performed in ten 20-40 year old healthy volunteers. Each volunteer underwent MRS scan twice. The first MRS scan was performed when they were conscious as baseline control value. The second scan was performed during target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol. The target effect-site concentration was set at 3.0 ?g?ml-1. Volume of interest (VOI) included sensory cortex, motor cortex, thalamus, hippocampus and basal ganglia. The metabolites in the spectra included N-acetyl-aspartic acid (NAA), glutamic acid (Glu), GABA, choline compounds (Cho) and creatine (Cr) .Results During TCI of propofol MAP and RR were significantly decreased ( P 0.05) as compared to the baseline value when the volunteers were conscious. During TCI of propofol the NAA content in thalamus and hippocampus, Glu content in thalamus, hippocampus and basal ganglia and Cho content in all the 5 regions of the brain were significantly decreased ( P