Objective To observe the relationship of the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activator of transcription pathway and neurogenesis in the lateral ventricle subventricular zone(SVZ) and choroid plexus of neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia(PVL).Methods PVL models were established by right common carotid artery ligation followed by 4 h 60 mL/L oxygen exposure in 2-day-rat;the neonatal rats performed a sham operation,without hypoxia-ischemia were used as control group.The rats were sacrificed at 0 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d after hypoxic-ischemic(HI),and brain tissues were collected,immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of P-STAT3 and Nestin in the subventricular zone and choroid plexus.Results Very low expressions of P-STAT3 and Nestin were observed in lateral ventricle SVZ and choroid plexus in control group.The expression levels of P-STAT3 and Nestin increased significantly after HI,peaked at 1 d and 3 d separately,and remained at a higher level at 7 d after HI,demonstrating significant differences at each time point compared with those in control group(Pa

Objective To develop a method for simultaneous determination of 4 compounds in Zhizhu Pills by HPLC.Method Reversed-phase HPLC was used to determine the content of the compounds such as hesperidin,naringin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠ.The column was symmetry C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with temperature of 30 ℃.Methanol-0.095 %phosphoric acid solution served as the mobile phase by gradient elution.The wavelength of detection was set at 283 nm and 224 nm.The injection volume was 10 ?L and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.Results Hesperidin,naringin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠin Zhizhu Pills can be isolated completely.Three batches of samples were determined and the recoveries of naringin,hesperidin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠwere 98.81 %(RSD=1.11 %,n=6),100.63 %(RSD=1.90 %,n=6),99.32 %(RSD=1.44 %,n=6) and 99.65 %(RSD=1.53 %,n=6) respectively.Conclusion This method is accurate,reliable and with good reproducibility.It can be used for the quality control of Zhizhu Pills.

OBJECTIVE To study the isolation status and antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli collected from intensive care unit(ICU) of our hospital so as to instruct the rational clinical application of antibiotics.METHODS The antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli isolates collected from patients in ICU from Jan 2003 to Dec 2007 was analyzed.Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates were tested by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS Total 384 nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli isolates were collected in 5 years.The most common species were Acinetobacter baumannii(219),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(117) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilla(36).The antimicrobial resistance rate of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacterial to most antibiotics were much higher.The antimicrobial resistance rate of Acinetobacter spp to imipenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam was 3.7%,28.3% and 42.9%.But the resistance rate of Acinetobacter spp to imipenem was increased in recent 2 years(58.0%).The antimicrobial resistance rate of P.aeruginosa to cefoperazone/sulbactam was the lowest.That of imipenem-resistant P.aeruginosa to cefoperazone/sulbactam was 34.0%.S.maltophilla was relatively susceptible to ceftazidime,cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam.CONCLUSIONS Nonfermenters Gram-negative bacilli are the important pathogens in ICU.Surveillance of their prevalence and drug resistance may provide evidences for rational antibiotic choices.

Objective:To access the feasibility and safety of application of flexible laryngeal mask air-way ( FLMA) in oral&maxillofacial day surgery. Methods:Retrospective study was conducted of 40 oral& maxillofacial day surgery patients (3 to 61 years of age) using FLMA under general anaesthesia in De-partment of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. All the patients were with American Society of Anesthesiologists ( ASA ) physical status Ⅰ -Ⅱ, including 19 males and 21 females. The patients' vital signs were recorded at five different time points:baseline before anesthesia ( T0 ) , time right after the FLMA insertion ( T1 ) , time at incision ( T2 ) , 15 min after incision ( T3 ) and time at the end of the operation ( T4 ) . The first attempted FLMA insertion successful rate and the number of timed of changing to endotracheal intubation were recorded. During operation, frequencies of movement, hypoxia and obstruction of airway were noted and the operation time, anesthesia time, time from the end of the operation to extubation, movement and coughing following extubation and sore throat within 24 h were taken down. Operation-related complications of bleeding, hematoma and injury of local nerves were recorded within 24 h as well. Results:The operations of all the 40 patients were successfully done under general anaesthesia. The 36 ( 90%, 36/40 ) patients using FLMA successfully were under steady process, including 16 males and 20 females. The first attempted successful rate of FLMA insertion was 80% (32/40), and the second 50% (4/8). Three out of the 4 failed FLMA patients were changed to endotracheal intubation after the second attempt failed. The other patient was changed to endotracheal intubation before operation because of leak. The average operation time was (46. 58 ± 22. 57) min, the anesthesia time was ( 77 . 97 ± 26 . 82 ) min and the time from the end of operation to extubation was (8. 31 ± 3. 33) min. All the patients were recorded without obvious body movement during the operation procedure. There were 4 patients (11. 11%, 4/36) with slight body movement during extubation. The incidence of sore throat was 13. 89% (5/36) within 24 h postoperatively. There were no complications of bleeding, hematoma and injury of local nerves. The vital signs of baseline T0 were significantly different from those at other time points T1, T2, T3, and T4 (P<0. 01). As to the hearts rate after anesthesia, the values at T1, T2, T3 and T4 for two-two comparison, there was no statistical difference (P>0. 05). As to the values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after anesthesia at T1 and T4 , T2 and T3, for two-two comparison, there was no statistical difference (P>0. 05). As to the respiratory rate from the start of the surgery, the values at T2, T3 and T4 showed no statistical difference (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Flexible laryngeal mask airway is a supraglottic airway management method. It is suitable and safe for securing the airway in oral & maxillofacial day surgery. The advantages of fewer haemody-namic changes and postoperative complications are confirmed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of alprostadil on acute lung injury in septic rats. Methods Thirty adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table: sham operation group (group S), acute lung injury group ( group ALI) , and alprostadil group ( group Q) . The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 1% pentobarbital sodium 5 ml∕100 g. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture. In group Q, al?prostadil ( 10 μg∕2 ml) 2 ml∕kg was injected via the tail vein at 30 min before cecal ligation and puncture. The equal volume of normal saline was given in S and ALI groups. At 24 h after operation, blood samples were taken for determination of serum tumor necrosis factor?alpha ( TNF?α) and interleukin?6 ( IL?6) con?centrations by enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay. The animals were then sacrificed. The left lungs were immediately removed for microscopic examination, and the right lungs were immediately removed for deter?mination of wet∕dry lung weight ratio ( W∕D ratio ) , and expression of TNF?α mRNA and high mobility group box?1 ( HMGB1) using real?time reverse transcriptase?polymerase chain reaction. Results Com?pared with group S, the concentrations of serum TNF?α and IL?6 were significantly increased, and the ex?pression of TNF?α mRNA and HMGB1 mRNA was up?regulated, and W∕D ratio was increased in ALI and Q groups ( P<0?05) . Compared with group ALI, the concentrations of serum TNF?αand IL?6 were signifi? cantly decreased, and the expression of TNF?α mRNA and HMGB1 mRNA was down?regulated, and W∕D ratio was decreased in group Q ( P<0?05) . The pathological changes of left lungs were significantly attenua?ted in group Q as compared with group ALI. Conclusion Alprostadil can reduce acute lung injury in septic rats, and the mechanism may be related to down?regulation of HMGB1 expression and inhibition of inflam?matory responses.

Objective To explore whether lymphovascular invasion can be used as a prognostic indicator in patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy.Methods The series included clinical data of 459 patients who had underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2006 and December 2012 in our hospital.Among all the patients,391 were male while 68 were female.Pathological grade G1 was diagnosed in 47,G2 in 104 and G3 in 308.Amount of pathological stage T1 or Tis or Ta or T0 was 167,T2 127,T3 89 and T4 76.Of all the patients,92 had lymph node metastasis.Follow-up time was between 13 and 99 months.The presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion was determined by HE staining in the radical cystectomy specimen.The x2 test was used to detect the association between lymphovascular invasion and several clinicopathological features,the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare recurrence-free survival according to findings of lymphovascular invasion in the surgical specimen,and the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to assess the prognostic significance of some factors.Results Lymphovascular invasion was detected in 128 (28％) specimens.Among them,44 (34％) had tumor recurrence.Lymphovascular invasion was significantly associated with gender,tumor grade,pathological stage,lymph node metastasis and disease recurrence.Recurrence-free survival in patients without lymphovascular invasion was significantly higher than that in those with lymphovascular invasion (P＜ 0.05).Cox proportional hazards model showed that age,pathological stage and lymph node metastasis were independent predictors for disease recurrence.Conclusion In patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy,lymphovascular invasion may have a significant association with some prognostic parameters,but it can not be used as an independent predictor of disease recurrence.

OBJECTIVETo explore the inhibitory effect of cinnamaldehyde on invasion capacities of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435S and its relation with regulating the expression of miR-27a.

METHODSThe effect of cinnamaldehyde on invasive capacities of MDA-MB-435S was measured by Transwell matrigel invasion assay. The effect of miR-27a expression on invasive capabilities of MDA-MB-435S, the intervention of cinnamaldehyde in the miR-27a expression, and its relation with its effect on invasive capabilities were defected with liposome 2000 transinfection miRNA27a mimics/inhibitors, real time-polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), and Transwell chamber model.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the number of cells passing through the transwell chamber was more significantly reduced after treated by cinnamaldehyde for 12 h (P < 0.05). The miR-27a expression was 962.07 times and 40% of that of the control group after transinfected by miR-27a mimics and miR-27a inhibitors. After transinfected by miR-27a inhibitors, the number of cells passing through the transwell chamber was more significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The miR-27a expression of MDA-MB-435S was down-regulated by 12-h treatment of cinnamaldehyde (2(-deltaCt) = 0.56, 0.18, 0.18, respectively). The number of miR-27a mimics transinfection pretreated MDA-MB-435S cells passing through the transwell chamber increased more obviously than the number of un-pretreated MDA-MB-435S cells in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCinnamaldehyde could inhibit invasive capabilities of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-435S. The over-expression of miR-27a played an important role in the invasive capability of MDA-MB-435S. The inhibition of cinnamaldehyde on invasive capabilities of MDA-MB-435S cells was correlated with down-regulating the expression of miR-27a.

Acrolein ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the treatment of hilar biliary malignant obstruc tion with multiple stent drainage.Methods One hundred and twenty-seven patients with malignant biliary hilar obstruction were enrolled.The obstructions at the common hepatic duct within less than 1 cm to the junction of the left and the right hepatic duct were found in 66 cases,at the proximal common hepatic duct and the left and the right hepatic ducts in 45 cases,at the right hepatic duct in 5 cases and at the both left and right hepatic duets in 11 cases.Sixty-six patients received stent placement through the right biliary ducts and the common bile duct by puncturing the right mid-axillary line.The other 37 patients received 2 stents placement (disposed"Y"style) through the left and the right hepatic duct punc turing routway.Seven patients received 2 stents placement (disposed"┌"style) through the right hepatic duct and the common bile duct with a stent placed between the left and the right hepatic duct.Three patients had right hepatic duct stent placed first,followed by right hepatic duct and common hepatic duct stent. Twelve patients had stents placed in the right hepatic duct with external drainage from the left hepatic duct. Two patients had multiple strictures at the right hepatic duct,who got multiple external drainages.The total serum bilirubin levels were measured pre-and post-operatively.Results One hundred and twenty-seven patients with bi[iary obstraction had internal stents placed for drainage.The average total bilirubin levels among 121 patients were (283.4?175.4 )?mol/L pre-operation and (63.2?11.8)?mol/L post-operation (P

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of single-balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of thoracic osteoporotic compression fractures via extrapedicular approach METHODS: From July 2004 to May 2008, 38 cases (52 vertebra) of thoracic osteoporotic fractures were treated by balloon kyphoplasty via unilateral extrapedicular approach, including 12 males and 26 females with an average age of 60.3 years (range 55-72 years). There were 34 cases of primary osteoporosis, and 4 had administrated hormone due to other diseases for over 6 months. Symptomatic levels ranged from T_4 to T_(12) confirmed by physical examination, MRI and X-ray. The pain relief, restoration of vertebral height and kyphosis correction were compared before and after operation by using visual analogue scale (VAS) and radiograph, respectively. In addition, bone cement leakage location and complications were recorded. RESULTS: Operation were successfully performed in 38 cases with an average injection of bone cement volume of (3.2+ 1.4) mL (2.25-4.60 mL in unilateral infusion). The mean time of surgery was 25-55 minutes, and that of follow-up was 9.5 months (6-24 months). Back pain of 36 cases was improved, and the VAS 3 days postoperatively and the final follow-up was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). The vertebral anterior margin and median height following surgery were significantly improved detected by X-ray (P < 0.05), and average median height restoration was (50.90+34.60)%, but no significant change was found in posterior height (P > 0.05). No lateral wedging or changes in the coronal alignment was found. Three cases (5 vertebra) had cement leakage: the bone cement of 1 case leaked to posterior margin through the puncture channel, and 2 cases leaked to lateral vertebra through vertebral venous system without any adverse event. The patients could move the second day after surgery, discharged from the hospital at days 3-4, and restored to normal life at 1 month postoperatively. No blood vessel or spinal cord puncture injury or pulmonary embolism, or blood vessel embolism was found. CONCLUSION: Unilateral extrapedicular kyphoplasty is safe and effective in treating thoracic osteoporotic fractures. It rapidly releases backache, restores the body height of fractured thoracic vertebrae and improves quality of life of the patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of growth hormone on illness severity and prognosis of septic patients. Methods Thirty septic shock patients were randomized into control group (10 cases) and growth hormone treatment group (20 cases) , to receive 8 U recombinant human growth hormone every day for 7 consecutive days, control group received NS. Serum concentration of procalcitonin ( PCT) , C-reactive protein ( CRP) , tumor necrosis factor-? ( TNF-?) and interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) were measured on the 1st,4th,and 7th day. The severity of illness was assessed daily with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-Ⅱ (APACHE-Ⅱ ) scoring system and the Elebute & Stoner's Sepsis scoring system. The efficacy also were evaluated on day 15 postoperation. Results The serum concentration of PCT, CRP, TNF-?, IL-6 decreased gradurally in both group after study starting. PCT, TNF-? and IL-6 were significantly different on the 7th day in both group (P