Congenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of tanshinoneⅡA(TSⅡA)sulfonate injection against vancomycin(VAN)-induced renal injury model rats and its mechanism. METHODS:72 rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group, positive control group(amifostine,1 mg/kg)and TSⅡA sulfonate injection low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups(15,30, 60 μg/kg),with 12 rats in each group. Except for blank group,those groups were given VAN(200 mg/kg)intravenously via tail vein to induce renal injury rat model;after modeling,each drug group was given relevant medicine intraperitoneally once a day, and blank group and model group were given normal saline intragastrically for consecutive 10 days. The levels of 24 h protein, NAG and KIM-1 in urine were determined,and those of Cys C,Scr and BUN in serum and those of SOD,MDA,GSH-Px and NO in renal homogenate were also determined;the pathological change of renal tissue was observed. RESULTS:Compared with blank group,the levels of Cys C,Scr and BUN in serum,those of 24 h protein,NAG and KIM-1 in urine and those of MDA and NO in renal tissue increased significantly in model group,while the levels of SOD and GSH-Px decreased significantly(P<0.01);the pathological slice indicated that model group suffered from renal injury such as kidney tubules albuminoid degeneration,brush border abscission,renal tubular epithelial cell disintegration and abscission. Compared with model group,the levels of Cys C,Scr and BUN in serum,those of 24 h protein,NAG and KIM-1 in urine and those of MDA and NO in renal tissue decreased signifi-cantly in treatment groups,while the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in renal tissue increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01);path-ological changes of renal tissue were relieved significantly. CONCLUSIONS:TSⅡ A sulfonate injection can effectively relieve VAN-induced renal injury in rats,and its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting the oxidative reaction of rats in vivo.

BACKGROUND: Most of the literatures only reported that there is a great difference between diabetics who have a high 24-hour urinary albumin excretion rate and those without renal damage, but there is no obvious difference between cases of microalbuminuria and those without renal damage.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the relationship between diabetic nephropathy and osteoporosis.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Department of Endocrinology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: According to the diagnostic standard set by the American Diabetes Association in 1997 (fasting blood glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L,postprandial blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L), 96 diabetic patients were selected, including 56 males ＜ 60 years old and 40 females who had not entered the menopausal period, excluding the influence of age and osteoporosis caused by menopause. The average age of the subjects was (48.7±10.5)years, their duration were from one month to twenty-one years with the aver age of (7.85±2.56) years, and their general information had no significant differences.METHODS: According to the urine albumine excretion rate and renal function, the patients were divided into four groups: normal albuminuria group (n=48), microalbuminuria group (n=28), macroalbuminuria group (n=15), renal failure group (n=5). The bone mineral densities of lumbar spines (L2-4), femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter were detected with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and then the fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine albumine excretion rate were compared between the patients with and without osteoporosis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine albumine excretion rate, as well as the bone mineral density, were observed in all the patients.RESULTS: The L2-3 bone mineral density in the macroalbuminuria group was significantly different from that in the microalbuminuria group (P ＜ 0.05). The proximal femur bone mineral density in the microalbuminuria group was significantly different from that in the normal albuminuria group (P ＜ 0.05). The bone mineral densities of proximal femur and lumbar spine in the renal failure group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the other groups (P ＜ 0.01). The disease course,glycosylated hemoglobin A, alkaline phosphatase and body mass index were significantly different between the patients with and without osteoporosis (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The incidence rate of osteoporosis is increased with the aggravation of nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy may be closely correlated with the decrease of bone mineral density and the occurrence of osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of arthroscopic reduction and percutaneous fixation (ARPF) for the treatment of tibial plateau fractures. Methods Seventeen cases of tibial plateau fractures from April 1999 to June 2002 were reviewed. The fractured tibial plateau was reconstructed by “drag-and-draw” reduction and iliac crest bone graft under arthroscope. And percutaneous cancellous bone screw fixation was conducted. Results Clinical bone union was achieved in all the patients at the third postoperative month. No infection or severe osteoarthritis occurred. Conclusions ARPF for tibial plateau fractures has advantages of reduction under direct view, reliable fixation and facilitation for early activities.

Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the prognostic value of CEA and CA19-9 expression in advanced gastric cancer and the prognostic factors of advanced gastric cancer.Methods A total of 255 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent radical R0 radical surgery were enrolled in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery,Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to December 2010,and were divided into group A(CEA<2.19ng/mL and CA19-9<10.78U/mL),group B(CEA≥2.19ng/mL or CA19-9≥10.78U/mL)and group C(CEA≥2.19ng/mL and CA19-9≥10.78U/mL).These groups were analyzed the differences in gastric cancer patients with clinical pathology and survival,and prognostic factors of patients with advanced gastric cancer factors.Results There were statistically significant differences in clinical N staging,clinical TNM staging and pathological TNM staging in three groups of patients with advanced gastric cancer(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the median survival time in three groups of patients with advanced gastric cancer(P>0.05).The 1-year,3-year and 5-year survival rates of group A were higher than those of group B and group C(P>0.05).The factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer included the degree of tumor differentiation,pathological T staging,pathological TNM staging,the total number of lymph nodes,the number of positive lymph nodes and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Combined detection of CEA and CA19-9 expression indicates a certain reference value for prognosis of gastric cancer.

Objective To approach the effect of prosthetic valve at preventing reflux esophagitis.Methods After the total gastrectomy and esophagojejunostomy,interrupted suture was apphed to form a prosthetic valve at output and input beyond Braun's stoma.Results Only one got light reflux esophagitis in 15 patients.Conclusion Prosthetic valve can prevent reflux esophagitis,and the operation is convenient and safe,which is deserved to be in generalization and approach the latest method.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL)treated by high does MTX,autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation and biotherapy for 67 cases.Methods Sixty-seven NHL patients from June,2003 to March,2007 were treated by three times HD-MTX,APBSCT and biotherapy of IL-2.Results There were 36 cases(87.8%)in complete relase(CR)period;5 cases(12.2%)in relapse(RE)period and 1 patient(2.4%)died in CR group;in PR group,there were 15 cases(57.7%)in CR period;11 cases(42.3%)in RE period and 5 patients(19.2%)died.Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that the therapy can be performed safely.It is an efficacious therapeutic measure for the patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Objective To evaluate clinical effect of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT)on the treatment of hematologic malignancies.Methods Totally 231 patients(ALL in 45 cases,AML in 34 cases,NHL in 100 cases,HD in 31 cases,MM in 21 cases)with hematologic malignancies received APBSCT from March 2001 to February 2007.Therapeutic effect and complication were oberserved.Results Totally 230 patients obtained hematopoietic reconstitution quickly,one case failed.ALL CR1(first time CR):13 in DFS,4 alive with disease(LWD),11 in death;ALL CR2(second time CR):3 in DFS,4 in LWD,10 in death;AML CR1:12 in DFS,3 in LWD,6 in death;AML CR2:6 in DFS,2 in LWD,6 in death;NHL CR:43 in DFS,7 in LWD,9 in death;NHL CR2:18 in DFS,5 in LWD,7 in death;NHL NR:2 in DFS,4 in LWD,5 in death;HD CR1:10 in DFS;HD PR:12 in DFS,3 in LWD;HD RE:3 in DFS,2 in LWD,1 in death;MM:7 in DFS,6 in LWD,8 in death.Conclusion APBSCT is a safe and effective therapy method for treating hematologic malignancies.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of pancreatoduodenectomy combined with vascular resection and reconstruction for pancreatic head carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of a patient with pancreatic head carcinoma who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy combined with vascular resection and reconstruction at the Southwest Hospital in March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative imaging examination showed no gap between vascular wall of portal vein (PV) and pancreatic head space-occupying lesion,vascular compression and stenosis at intersection of PV,splenic vein (SV) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV),but not excluding adjacent main PV invasion.During the operation,it was difficult to separate pancreatic head carcinoma from PV,indicating vascular wall invasion at intersection of PV,SV and SMV.Therefore,the pancreatic head,bile ducts,duodenum,partial jejunum,invasive vein vessels,lymphatic and nerve tissues were radically resected,then PV,SMV and SV were reconstructed.The patient was followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview after surgery till April 2015.Results The patient underwent pancreatoduodenectomy combined with vascular resection and reconstruction successfully without blood transfusion.The operation time was 285 minutes and volume of intraoperative blood loss was 300 mL.The patient had a smooth postoperative recovery,resuming diet at postoperative day 5.The abdominal drainage tube and stitches were removed at postoperative day 6 and day 12,and the patient was discharged from hospital at postoperative day 15.Computed tomography reexamination showed clear vascular anastomose.The patient was not complicated with pancreatic fistula,biliary fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage and vascular embolism.The postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatic head moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma accompanied by PV invasion and lymph node metastasis,with a negative margin.The patient began a course of single drug common chemotherapy using gemcitabine at postoperative day 40.No cancer recurrence was detected during the one-year follow-up.Conclusion Pancreatoduodenectomy combined with vascular resection and reconstruction is safe and feasible for the treatment of pancreatic head carcinoma with good surgical effects.

Novel optical materials are crucial for environmental monitoring. Metal nanoclusters ( metal NCs) , typically consisting of several to tens of metal atoms, have attracted more and more attention for recent years. Due to their ultrasmall size, strong fluorescence, low toxicity, excellent stability and unique core-shell structure, metal NCs have been considered as promising optical materials for the construction of excellent fluorescent sensors. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress in their applications in environmental monitoring, including the detection of pH, heavy metal ions, inorganic anions and nitroaromatic explosives.