Child ; Coronary Aneurysm ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Coronary Thrombosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Ultrasonography, Doppler

Adult ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Solitary Fibrous Tumors ; pathology ; therapy

UNLABELLEDABSTRA CT OBJECTIVE To compare the complications and clinical outcome of titanium elastic nail (TEN) versus plate-screw fixation (PF) for the treatment of upper segment fractures of femoral shaft in children.

METHODSFrom May 2006 and August 2012,32 consecutive children with upper segment fractures of femoral shaft were studied prospectively. They were randomly divided into TEN group and PF group. Ninteen patients were treated with titanic elastic nail (TEN) fixation including 11 males and 8 females with an average age of (6.9?2.2) years old ranging from 3 to 11,11 cases of them were type A, 6 cases were type B,2 cases were type C according to AO classification. The other 13 patients were treated with plate-screw fixation (PF) including 9 males and 4 females with an average age of (7.5±2.1) years old ranging from 5 to 12 years, and 3 cases of them were type A,6 cases were type B,2 cases were type C. Operative time, blood loss,incision length,the time of hospitalization,fracture healing time, postoperative complications and function recovery between two groups were compared and evaluated.

RESULTSThe average follow-up period of the patients was 25.3 months (ranging from 15 to 48 months) in TEN group, and 36.2 months (ranging from 13 to 36 months) in the PF group. The operation time, time of hospitalization, the time of implants removed after the initial surgery, fracture healing time in TEN group were respectively (56.7±11.2) min, (6.6±3.9) d, (8.1±2.3) months, (12.6+3.8) weeks; and in PF group were respectively (51.5±8.3) min, (7.8±4.8) d, (7.8±1.6) months, (11.8±2.8) weeks, there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). However, the length of incisions was (4.3±1.7) cm and the intraoperative blood loss was (12.7+3.2) ml in TEN group,which were significantly less than that in PF group respectively (89.2±21.1) ml and (11.6?2.3) cm (P<0.05). There was no statistically difference in postoperative in complication between two groups, but the patients in TEN group had a higher incidence of soft tissue irritation and misalignment. Outcome scores according to Sanders had no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). In TEN group,the result was excellent in 13 cases, good in 3,fair in 2, and poor in 1, while in PF group excellent in 10, good in 2, fair in 1.

CONCLUSIONThere is no significant difference in therapeutic effects between TEN and PF for children with upper segment fractures of femoral shaft. The internal fixation should be selected according to the associated fracture type, weight, the expected value of the parents, scars, and so on.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Bone Nails ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; complications ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; instrumentation ; Fracture Healing ; Hip ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of two kinds of biological agents in volume -re-duced bullae .Methods 11 patients who suffered from bullae were operated under large C-arm locating ,and infused two kinds of biological agents through micro catheter of fibreoptic bronchoscopy .All of them were randomly divided into the two groups .The biological agents in group A were fibrinogen and diluent thrombin , and that of group B was Porcine Fibrin Sealant Kit .In group A,the micro catheter with diameter of micro thread less than 1.2mm was placed in bullae through fibreoptic bronchoscope ,and then the 2mL lidocaine,5 ml fibrinogen,and double of 500u diluent thrombin were inproperorder injected through micro catheter .In group B,the Porcine Fibrin Sealant Kit was injected at the same method,and then the suspension fluid was exacted .The operation time was recorded ,and then the clinical efficacy and incidence rate of complications were compared .Results The operation time of group A was 5-15 minutes, and that of group B was 6-20 minutes.For all the patients ,4 cases were totally effective ,2 cases were significantly effective,and 2 cases were totally non-effective.The total effective rate was 81.82%(9/11).The incidence rates of common complications in group A and B were 52.38%(22/42),58.33%(14/24),respectively,the difference was not significant (χ2 =0.22,P>0.05).Moreover,there were no serious complications in all cases .Conclusion The security and effect of two kinds of biological agents might be well enough ,but in view of less cases ,they were worth to further popularized and applied in clinical practice .

Organic solvent tolerant microorganism(OSTM) is a novel extremophile and it hasn't been systematically studied until 1980s.Relying on certain mechanisms,the OSTM is able to effectively de-fend and decrease the toxicity from organic solvents,which enable the OSTM to be potentially applied in the industrial fields such as whole-cell catalysis and environmental treatment,etc.The comprehen-sively understanding of the mechanisms involved in organic solvent tolerance of OSTM could be com-bined with genetic engineering in order to modify and optimize the various specifications of OSTM,and further broaden its application in other industrial areas.Latest studies on the tolerant mechanisms of OSTM,in this paper,will be reviewed from four aspects such as vesicle exocytosis and changes of phos-pholipid composition in membrane,etc.Besides,the application of OSTM in whole-cell catalysis and other fields will be introduced.

BACKGROUND: Individual three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can be constructed by 3D printing via Computer Aided Design based on the given anatomical measurements of related tissues. A rapid and accurate reconstruction of bone, cartilage, muscle and vessel also can be achieved by 3D printing; however, many problems still remain unsolved.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the principle and classification of 3D printing, the classification, characteristics and histocompatibility of scaffolds through reviewing the articles addressing 3D printing applied in bone tissue engineering,thereby providing theoretical foundation for the study on the construction of tissue-engineered bone.METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were retrieved for the literatures regarding the application of 3D printing technology in bone tissue engineering published from January 2001 to January 2017 using the keywords of three-dimensional printing, rapid prototyping manufacturing, bone tissue engineering in English and Chinese,respectively. Finally, 30 articles were reviewed and discussed in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The microstructures of normal tissues can be reconstructed and seed cells are printed on the 3D scaffolds synchronously by 3D printing technology. Moreover, the scaffold degradation and cell differentiation are synchronous, which contributes to tissue repair. Biological ceramics have been widely used in bone tissue engineering because of its good biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the urgent problems such as angiogenesis and cellular signal transduction still need to be addressed.

Objective To explore the effect and compare the relapse rates of 1-desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin(DDAVP) different withdrawal ways after initial 3 months in primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis(PMNE) patients,in order to provide some evidences and references to use DDAVP to cure PMNE preferably.Methods Two hundred and fifty-six cases PMNE patients who were treated in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 2014 to June 2016 were selected and randomly divided into group A (DDAVP immediate withdrawal group,65 cases),group B(DDAVP day reduction group,58 cases) and group C (DDAVP step reduction group,60 cases).All patients were given DDAVP tables for 3 months.After 3 months for DDAVP,patients who were effective (full respond and partial respond) to DDAVP continued to undergo a withdrawal stage,those in group A underwent immediate cessation,those in group B continued to receive the effective dose every other day for 2 months and those in group C were step by step tapered by 0.05-0.10 mg every 2-4 weeks until completely stopped,the period was not more than 3 months.All patients had a follow-up visit for 3 months after cessation of DDAVP.Results A total of 183 patients completed the study finally,there were 65 patients in group A,58 patients in group B and 60 patients in group C.Initial 3 months the effective rates of group A,B and C were respectively 89.23％ (58/65),89.66％ (52/58) and 86.67％ (52/60),there were not statistically significant difference(x2 =0.309,P =0.857).There were 58 patients in group A,52 patients in group B and 52 patients in group C continued to undergo the withdrawal stage.One month after cessation of DDAVP,the effective rates of group B (88.46％,46/52) and group C (92.31％,48/52) were significantly higher than group A(67.24％,39/58) (x2 =7.030,P=0.008;x2 =10.417,P=0.001),while the relapse rates of group B(19.23％,10/52) and group C(17.31％,9/52) were significantly less than group A(36.21％,21/58) (x2=3.904,P=0.048;x2=4.937,P =0.026).Three months after cessation of DDAVP,the effective rates of group C (78.85％,41/52) were significantly higher than group A (50.00％,29/58) and group B (57.69％,30/52) (x2 =9.859,P=0.002;x2 =5.371,P=0.020),and the relapse rates of group C(32.69％,17/52) were significantly less than group A (55.17％,32/58) and group B (51.92％,27/52) (x2 =5.609,P =0.018;x2 =3.939,P =0.047),while the effective rates and relapse rates were not statistically significant difference between group A and group B(x2 =0.652,P =0.419;x2 =0.116,P =0.733).Severe adverse events related to DDAVP were not observed in any patients.Conclusion Gradual withdrawal after initial 3 months of DDAVP may improve the effect and reduce the relapse rates,the short-term and long-term curative effects of step-by-step withdrawal treatment are both well,while long-term curative effects of every other day withdrawal treatment is not obviously well.

Objective: To study the relationship between vitamin A (VA) supplementation and the level of IgG antibody to measles strengthened vaccination. Method: Fifty-three school children aged 5-13 years were selected as the test group of VA supplementation, and fifty-two school children as the control group whose ages and sex matched with the test group. The test group was supplicd po the VA pills (2 500IU) at the same time with measles strengthened vaccination for one month. The level of serum VA was analyzed by HPLC. Measles antibody IgG was detected by ELISA. Results: One month after VA supplementation, sernm VA in test group was 376.5?74.2 ?g/L, showing statistical increase over before. The positive rates of measles antibody in the test group were increased from 69.8% to 100%, and the protective rate from 5.6% to 60.4%. The positive rates of measles antibody in the control group were increased from 71.2% to 100%, and the protective rates from 0% to 17.4%. The protective rate in the test group was statistically higher than the control. Conclusion: Simultaneous VA supplementation (especially for the children of VA deficiency) and measles strengthened vaccination contribute to the increase of measles antibody IgG in school children.

Objective　To establish animal model for hypertrophic scar and study the characters of its morphology and collagen metabolism. Methods　A total of 64 round wounds (diameter of 6 mm each) with total skin loss were made on the ventral side of rabbit ear using a trephine. Morphology and collagen metabolism of scar wounds were studied at 14,21,35,70 and 98 days after operation, respectively. Results　There were 76% elevated scars developed (45/59 wounds) on the ventral side of rabbit ear at 21 days and 46% elevated scars disappeared (11/24) at 98 days after operation. There were numerous fibroblast proliferation and whorl-arranged collagen fibers at 21 and 35 days. The number of fibroblast decreased, but irregular-arranged fibers still presented in the elevated scars at 70 and 98 days after operation. Hydroxyproline content in elevated scars at 21 days was higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05), and at 35 days was 3 times as that in normal skin and at 98 days was also markedly higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05). Conclusion　Excessive deposition of collagen is a characteristic of hypertrophic scar in rabbits. The conversion of normal scarring to hypertrophic scarring in rabbits occurs at 14～21 days after operation. Both development and regression of hypertrophic scar in rabbit are quicker than that in human.

Objective To analyze the effects of 2D culture and micropellet culture on the chondrocyte phenotype . Methods High density 2D culture and micropellet culture were used to culture rabbit chondrocytes ,the cell morphology and level of matrix expression were measured .Results After 2 weeks of 2D high density culture ,multilayer chondrocyte distribution was ob‐served .HE staining showed that the cells were round in shape ,and were closely connected with each other ,alcian blue staining showed that the secretion of proteoglycan was low ;after 2 weeks of micropellet culture ,cartilage‐like white tissue was formed .HE staining showed that the cells were polygonal in shape ,and were sparsely distributed ,alcian blue staining showed that the secretion of proteoglycan was significantly higher than that in 2D culture(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Using micropellet to culture rabbit chon‐drocytes is favorable for the secretion of extracellular matrix .