Objective To observe the distribution of blood vessels in tibial metaphysis in ovariectomized and control mice by micro-CT(?CT),and investigate the relationship between bone regional blood supply and osteoporosis. MethodsForty mice were randomly divided into ovariectomy group(n=20) and control group(n=20).Four weeks after operation,?CT analysis was conducted to observe the bone blood vessel distribution after silicone rubber perfusion,and bone mineral density measurement,?CT bone microarchitecture analysis and biomechanical test were performed. Results Bone mineral density,bone microarchitecture in ?CT analysis,biomechanical properties and bone blood vessel distribution in ?CT analysis of ovariectomy group were significantly lower than those of control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of mildronate in human plasma and urine,and to study the pharmacokinetic characteristics in healthy volunteers. METHODS:After precipitating plasma and urine sample,LC-MS/MS method was adopted. Dikma Diamonsil C18 column was used with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(containing 0.2% for-mic acid,0.3% ammonium acetate)(31∶69,V/V)at the flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. ESI was adopted in MRM mode,by using nega-tive ion. The ion for quantitative analysis were m/z 147.10→58.20 (mildronate) and m/z 152.00→110.10 (internal standard,acet-aminophen). The pharmacokinetic parameters of mildronate with single administration and multiple administration were calculated by using DAS 2.1 software and compared. RESULTS:The linear range of mildronate in plasma were 0.02-20 ng/ml(r=0.999 3) and in urine were 0.05-40 ng/ml(r=0.998 2). The lowest limits of quantitation were 0.02 and 0.05 ng/ml. Precision and recovery met the requirements of biological specimen determination,and endogenous impurities hadn’t effect on the determination. The main pharmacokinetics parameters of low-dose,medium-dose and low-dose(250,500,750 mg)of mildronate in plasma with single ad-ministration were as follows:t1/2 were(3.39±0.81),(5.52±0.57)and(5.32±0.96)h;tmax were(0.80±0.45),(1.38±0.43)and (1.10±0.36)h;cmax were(4.17±1.46),(8.08±1.04)and(15.04±1.86)ng/ml;AUC0-36 h were(24.55±5.81),(45.50±7.07)and (85.60 ± 13.09)ng·h/ml. In the dose range,cmax,AUC0-36 h h had a linear relationship with dose (R2 were 0.974 5 and 0.968 3). The main pharmacokinetic parameters of low-dose of mildronate with multiple administration after keeping stable were as follows:cmin was(0.28 ± 0.10)ng/ml;AUCs was(38.78 ± 4.18)ng·h/ml;cs was(1.62 ± 0.17)ng/ml;DF was(3.81 ± 1.14);t1/2 was(6.17 ± 1.46)h;tmax was(1.20 ± 0.33)h;cmax was(6.46 ± 1.96)ng/ml;AUC0-36 h was(40.33 ± 4.65)ng·h/ml;accumulation factor of cmax and AUC were(1.73±0.90)and(1.64±0.40). Compared with single administration,t1/2,cmax and AUC of mildronate with multiple admin-istration after keeping stable all changed,and tmax had no signifi-cant difference. After single administration,26 h accumulative excretion rate of those groups were (0.004 009 ± 0.001 1)%, (0.004 026±0.001 01)% and(0.003 858±0.000 68)% respec-tively. CONCLUSIONS:Established method is sensitive,accurate and specific,and suitable for the determination of mildronate concentration in human plasma and urine and pharmacokinetics study. Mildronate capsule shows certain accumulation effect in healthy volunteers,and linear pharmacokinetic characteristics.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features of postoperative ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) after lung surgery.

METHODSOf 104 patients who had undergone lung surgery and been treated with ventilator in our surgical intensive care unit between January 2003 and March 2005, 35 patients met with the criteria of both VAP and postoperative pneumonia (POP), and 41 cases had no evidences of pneumonia. The clinical and laboratory data of all 76 cases were recorded and analyzed by a statistical software package (SPSS).

RESULTSThe diagnosis of postoperative VAP was established clinically in 35 patients (46.1%), and etiologically in 33 cases. Compared to the patients without postoperative VAP, the patients with postoperative VAP had a significantly longer mean interval between intubation and operation [(2.7 +/- 2.9) days vs. (1.6 +/- 1.7) days, P = 0.039], a longer duration of mechanical ventilation [(32.2 +/- 37.7) days vs. (4.2 +/- 2.9) days, P < 0.001], and higher morbidity (20.0% vs. 2.4%, P = 0.013). There was a significant difference in mean duration of mechanical ventilation between the 15 cases of early-onset VAP and 20 cases of late-onset VAP (17 +/- 15 days vs. 43 +/- 46 days, P = 0.042). Among the initially detected pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus remains the most common Gram-positive coccus whereas Acinetobacter Baumannii took the place of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the top Gram-negative rod.

CONCLUSIONPostoperative VAP after lung surgery has different clinical features from VAP in medical ICU.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Postoperative Complications ; Pulmonary Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and side effects,with regard to glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension,glaucoma or cataract in children with primary nephrotic syndrome.Methods:Clinical data were collected and analyzed from 71 cases of primary nephrotic syndrome with glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension,glaucoma or cataract from Jun.2014 to Jun.2016.These children were hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital.Results:Totally 1 580 children with primary nephrotic syndrome were collected,glucocorticoid-induced complications in eyes were found in 71 cases,and the incidence was 4.5％.There were 66 cases with ocular hypertension,2 cases with glucocorticoid glaucoma,2 cases with glucocorticoid glaucoma combined with cataract,1 case with high intraocular pressure combined with cataract.There were 41 boys and 30 girls with eye-related side effects caused by glucocorticoid.The average age of onset of glucocorticoid-induced eye adverse reactions in children with primary nephrotic syndrome in our research were 8 (2,16) years.The average duration or interval time from glucocorticoid medication use to eye adverse effects was 157 (6,420) days.No statistical significance was found in intraocular pressure between different genders,types of glucocorticoid,different route of glucocorticoid and whether methylprednisolone pulse treatment (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant correlation between age,body mass index,blood pressure,cumulative dosage,duration time of glucocorticoid,mean daily dosage and glucocorticoid-induced ocular hypertension (P ＞ 0.05).The ocular hypertension was controlled after treatment.Conclusion:Children with nephrotic syndrome after treatment of glucocorticoid are susceptible to ocular complications,and the occurrence of ocular hypertension is closely related to glucocorticoid susceptibility of the nephrotic children.Regular eye monitor is indispensable for the children suffering from primary nephrotic syndrome.

Objective To study the quality of life and its influential factors among HIV positive population. Methods Quality of life was evaluated among 2608 HIV positive population by WHOQOL (Chinese Version) to calculate the total and four domains' scores of quality of life. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the factors and the scores of the four domains and the total score of quality of life. Results Physical,psychological,social,environmental and the total scores of the HIV positive population were 12.96±1.94,11.79± 1.19,13.79±2.44,12.40±1.93 and 51.02±6.03,respectively. Females had a higher scores than males in the four domains and the total score of quality of life. Through a multiple linear regression model,we found that the influential factors would include gender,age,occupation,family conflict and appetite etc. Conclusion People living with HIV had higher scores in social domain,but lower scores in psychological domain,suggesting that psychological intervention should he strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the experience of surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with endobronchial tuberculosis.

METHODSThe clinical data of 85 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and endobronchial tuberculosis undergoing surgical resection from 1967 to 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Forty-five cases were bronchial stenosis. Four cases were tracheal stenosis. Sixteen cases underwent right upper lobectomy. One case underwent right upper and middle lobectomy. Three cases underwent right middle lobectomy. Five cases underwent right middle and lower lobectomy. Two cases underwent right lower lobectomy. Twelve cases underwent left upper lobectomy. Four cases underwent left lower lobectomy. Eight cases were assisted with sleeve lobectomy. Six cases underwent right pneumonectomy (with partial tracheal resection and tracheal reconstruction in 3 cases). Thirty cases underwent left pneumonectomy. One case underwent left lower lobectomy who underwent left upper lobectomy 2 years ago. Four cases were assisted with sleeve pneumonectomy. Three cases underwent tracheal segment resection and tracheal reconstruction. One case underwent left upper bronchial and pulmonary artery sleeve resection. One case underwent biopsy.

RESULTSNo surgical mortality occurred. There was 1 case of bronchopleural fistula and 1 case of empyema in the 35 cases (without sleeve lobectomy) who underwent lobectomy. There were 3 cases of bronchopleural fistula and 4 cases of empyema in the 33 cases (without sleeve pneumonectomy) who underwent pneumonectomy (P < 0.05). There were 5 cases of atelectasis in the 35 cases who underwent lobectomy and 3 cases of atelectasis in the 8 cases who underwent sleeve lobectomy (P < 0.01). In the follow-up of 3 to 10 years, 1 case died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome 7 years postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSIt is important to resect all the tissue which has been infected. With the routine anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy during the perioperative period, the effect of surgical treatment is superior to others. Fewer pneumonectomy is also important.

Adult ; Aged ; Bronchi ; surgery ; Bronchial Diseases ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Trachea ; surgery ; Tuberculosis ; surgery ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; surgery

Child ; China ; Humans ; Living Donors ; Lung Injury ; therapy ; Lung Transplantation ; methods ; Male

Objective To observe the analgesic effect of the musicotherapy-assisted morphine on patients with cancer pain and to reduce the needs of the morphine. Methods 52 patients with moderate or severe cancer pain were randomly divided into experimental group (30 cases) and control group (22 cases).The pain level and the medicine use were recorded before giving the analgesic drug. After giving the drug,patients in experimental group were treated with musicotherapy by soothing MP3 music about 20 to 30 minutes and those in control group were treated with medicine only. Results The pain relief degree in experimental group was more obvious than control group by less morphine dosage and the effective rate of experimental group and control group were 90% (27/30)and 77.3% ( 17/22 ), respectively. The difference reached the statistical significance (P ＜0. 05 ). Conclusions Musicotherapy-assisted morphine could reduce the pain levels and the dose of morphine of tumor patients.

OBJECTIVETo compare video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy (OT) on acute inflammatory responses and immunosuppression after lobectomy for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSPresent prospective randomized study. OT or VATS lobectomy was performed in patients who met enter criteria and clinical data was collected. Plasma concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were measured before surgery and at postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 3. There were 271 patients underwent lobectomy for early NSCLC, including of 133 patients in group VATS and 138 patients in group OT from January 2007 to June 2008. There were 132 males and 139 females, aging from 19 ∼ 70 years with a mean of (56 ± 8) years.

RESULTSCompared with OT group, shorter postoperative hospital stay [(8.2 ± 2.5) d vs. (9.8 ± 6.2) d, P = 0.03], lower morbidity rate (11.3% vs. 21.7%, P = 0.02) and lower increase of plasma concentration of IL-6 at POD 1 [(35 ± 25)% vs. (65 ± 43)%, P = 0.00], IL-6 at POD 3 [(14 ± 22)% vs. (55 ± 44)%, P = 0.00] and IL-10 at POD 1 [(25 ± 20)% vs. (43 ± 35)%, P = 0.00] were observed in patients of VATS group.

CONCLUSIONVATS lobectomy for early NSCLC is associated with less acute inflammatory responses and less immunosuppression when compared with OT.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; blood ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Interleukins ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracotomy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEUsing the LUNX-mRNA as a marker and RT-PCR technique to assess mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with operable NSCLC, to evaluate at gene level the feasibility of this method in detection of micrometastasis in NSCLC and the necessity of systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy during surgery.

METHODSTwenty patients with operable NSCLC were involved in this study. The mediastinal lymph nodes were taken during operation. RT-PCR assay was carried out to detect the LUNX-mRNA. Ten cases with benign lung disease were assayed by the same method as control.

RESULTSSeventy one mediastinal lymph nodes were obtained from 20 patients, 8 (11.3%) of which showed histologically metastasis with HE staining, while 23 (32.4%) were LUNX-mRNA positive by RT-PCR, P < 0.001. Micrometastasis was detected in 25.4% of all lymph nodes. LUNX-mRNA was found to be positive in 23.6% of lymph nodes from 15 patients with stage I A-II B NSCLC compared with 62.5% from 5 patients with stage III NSCLC, with a significant difference (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONAbout 25.4% of mediastinal lymph nodes are with micrometastasis in patients with operable NSCLC. Systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy is necessary to deal with the regional lymph nodes during surgery.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; secondary ; surgery ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Mediastinum ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Phosphoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics