1.Clinical applications and characteristics of apparent diffusion coefficient maps for the brain of two dogs.
Boeun KIM ; Kangjae YI ; Sunyoung JUNG ; Seoyeon JI ; Mincheol CHOI ; Junghee YOON
Journal of Veterinary Science 2014;15(3):455-458
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping are functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques for detecting water diffusion. DWI and the ADC map were performed for intracranial lesions in two dogs. In necrotizing leukoencephalitis, cavitated lesions contained a hypointense center with a hyperintense periphery on DWI, and hyperintense signals on the ADC maps. In metastatic sarcoma, masses including a necrotic region were hypointense with DWI, and hyperintense on the ADC map with hyperintense perilesional edema on DWI and ADC map. Since DWI and ADC data reflect the altered water diffusion, they can provide additional information at the molecular level.
Animals
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Brain/*pathology
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Brain Neoplasms/pathology/*veterinary
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Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*veterinary
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Dog Diseases/*pathology
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Dogs
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Female
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Leukoencephalopathies/pathology/*veterinary
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Necrosis/veterinary
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Neuroimaging/*veterinary
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Sarcoma/pathology/*veterinary
2.Laparoscopy vs. laparotomy for embryo transfer to produce transgenic goats (Capra hircus).
Sang Tae SHIN ; Sung Keun JANG ; Hong Suk YANG ; Ok Keun LEE ; Yhong Hee SHIM ; Won Il CHOI ; Doo Soo LEE ; Gwan Sun LEE ; Jong Ki CHO ; Young Won LEE
Journal of Veterinary Science 2008;9(1):103-107
This study was performed to produce transgenic Korean native goat (Capra hircus) by laparoscopic embryo transfer (ET) to overcome the limitations of ET performed by laparotomy. Transgenic embryos were produced by DNA pronuclear microinjection of in vivo zygotes. The recipient goats were synchronized for estrus by using an introvaginal progesterone devices as a controlled internal drugreleasing insert (CIDR) for 13 days and injection of 400 IU PMSG 48 h before removal of the insert. Embryos were transferred on day 3 and 4 after removal of the insert. Recipient goats were deprived of feed for 48 h, then suspended in a laparotomy cradle at an angle of 45degrees. After obtaining a sufficient pneumoperitoneum, the laparoscope and forceps were inserted abdominally through 5 mm trocar sleeves. Examination of the ovaries and uterus was performed and then 213 embryos were transferred into the oviducts via the infundibula of 76 recipient goats. To compare pregnancy rates, ET was also performed by laparotomy in 82 recipient goats. The pregnancies in the recipient goats were diagnosed by ultrasound on day 30 after embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate with laparoscopic ET was significantly higher than with ET performed by laparotomy (46.1% vs. 28.6%, p < 0.05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were compared between ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries of the recipient goats in the laparoscopic ET group. No significant difference was observed between the pregnancy rates of ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries (41.3% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.05) suggesting that ET may also be possible in non-ovulated recipients through artificial rupture of Graafian follicles. These results suggest that laparoscopic ET is a highly efficient method for the transfer of goat embryos.
Animals
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Animals, Genetically Modified/*embryology
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Embryo Transfer/methods/*veterinary
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Female
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Goats/*genetics/physiology
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Laparoscopy/*veterinary
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Laparotomy/*veterinary
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Microinjections/veterinary
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Oocytes
3.2019 Changes to the Journal of Veterinary Science
Journal of Veterinary Science 2019;20(2):e17-
No abstract available.
Periodicals as Topic
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Publishing
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Veterinary Medicine
4.Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion for Correction of Abomasal Displacement in Dairy Cattle.
Kwang Ho JANG ; Joo Myoung LEE ; Tchi Chou NAM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2003;4(1):93-95
This study was performed to investigate the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture and moxibustion on abomasal displacement in dairy cattle.After acupuncture needles were inserted bilaterally into the acupoints, 'Pi yu', 'Wei yu' and 'Guan yuan yu', electronic stimulation (5 Hz and 10 V, 20 minutes) was conducted once a day for 3 days consecutively. Modified moxa patch was also applied at the same acupoints as in acupuncture for 3 days consecutively.Ten among twelve cows with abomasal displacement were recovered by electroacupuncture and moxibustion, but two were treated with paramedian abomasopexy. It is considered that electroacupuncture and moxibustion may be convenient, safe and economical therapeutic alternatives available instead of surgical procedures on abomasal displacement in dairy cattle.
Abomasum/*pathology
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Animals
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Cattle
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Cattle Diseases/*therapy
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Electroacupuncture/*veterinary
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Female
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Gastrointestinal Diseases/*therapy/*veterinary
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Moxibustion/*veterinary
5.Application of ventriculoperitoneal shunt as a treatment for hydrocephalus in a dog with syringomyelia and Chiari I malformation.
Heejaung KIM ; Kazuhito ITAMOTO ; Malaika WATANABE ; Munekazu NAKAICHI ; Yasuho TAURA
Journal of Veterinary Science 2006;7(2):203-206
A twenty-month-old Chihuahua male dog was presented to us suffering with ataxia. Based on the physical examination, X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, we diagnosed the dog with hydrocephalus, Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia. Treatment consisted of internal medical treatment and the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. The ventricular dilatation was relieved and the dog improved neurologically; however, the Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia remained after surgically positioning the VP shunt.
Animals
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Dog Diseases/*therapy
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Dogs
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Hydrocephalus/diagnosis/therapy/*veterinary
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Male
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Syringomyelia/*veterinary
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Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt/*veterinary
6.A Case of oculocutaneous albinism in a Maltese.
Shin Ae PARK ; Na Young YI ; Min Su KIM ; Ji Hey LIM ; Man Bok JEONG ; Tchi Chou NAM ; Kang Moon SEO
Journal of Veterinary Science 2005;6(4):361-362
A 4-month-old female maltese dog was admitted to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University for evaluation of abnormal color of bilateral irises. This patient had the photophobia in the light and exhibited the complete absence of pigment resulting in white hair, pink muzzle, eyelids and foot-pads. Central zone of the irises were yellow in color influenced by tapetal reflex, and peripheral zone were pale blue. The iridal capillaries were transparented on the irises. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a yellow tapetal fundus but no pigment in the nontapetal fundus.
Albinism, Oculocutaneous/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Animals
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Dog Diseases/*diagnosis
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Dogs
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Female
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Ophthalmoscopy/veterinary
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Photophobia/diagnosis/veterinary
7.Surgical correction of corneal dermoid in a dog.
Jae il LEE ; Myung jin KIM ; Il hwan KIM ; Yeoung bum KIM ; Myung cheol KIM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2005;6(4):369-370
A five-month-old female Shih-tzu puppy was presented for repair of congenital choristoma in left eye. The patient was suffered from chronic epiphora and ocular discharge during 3 months. On ophthalmic examination, left eye revealed hyperemia in conjunctiva of the temporal canthus due to choristoma with hair. At surgery, the choristoma invaded by stromal layer of the cornea, and extended to limbus and conjunctiva. Based on the anatomical location and histopathological features of the removed tissue, the choristoma was diagnosed as corneal dermoid.
Animals
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Choristoma/surgery/*veterinary
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Corneal Diseases/surgery/*veterinary
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Dermoid Cyst/surgery/*veterinary
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Dog Diseases/*surgery
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Dogs
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Eye Neoplasms/surgery/*veterinary
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Female
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Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods/veterinary
8.A study of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in dogs as a disease model for canine necrotizing encephalitis.
Jong Hyun MOON ; Hae Won JUNG ; Hee Chun LEE ; Joon Hyeok JEON ; Na Hyun KIM ; Jung Hyang SUR ; Jeongim HA ; Dong In JUNG
Journal of Veterinary Science 2015;16(2):203-211
In the present study, the use of dogs with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a disease model for necrotizing encephalitis (NE) was assessed. Twelve healthy dogs were included in this study. Canine forebrain tissues (8 g), including white and grey matter, were homogenized with 4 mL of phosphate-buffered saline for 5 min in an ice bath. The suspension was emulsified with the same volume of Freund's complete adjuvant containing 1 mg/mL of killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. Under sedation, each dog was injected subcutaneously with canine brain homogenate at four sites: two in the inguinal and two in the axillary regions. A second injection (booster) was administered to all the dogs using the same procedure 7 days after the first injection. Clinical assessment, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analyses, necropsies, and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed for the dogs with EAE. Out of the 12 animals, seven (58%) developed clinically manifest EAE at various times after immunization. Characteristics of canine EAE models were very similar to canine NE, suggesting that canine EAE can be a disease model for NE in dogs.
Animals
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Brain/*pathology
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Disease Models, Animal
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Dog Diseases/*immunology
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Dogs
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Encephalitis/immunology/*veterinary
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Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology/*veterinary
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Female
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Fluorescent Antibody Technique/veterinary
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Immunization/veterinary
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Immunohistochemistry/veterinary
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary
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Male
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Necrosis/immunology/*veterinary
9.Pre- and post-operative cardiac evaluation of dogs undergoing lobectomy and pneumonectomy.
Meric KOCATURK ; Hakan SALCI ; Zeki YILMAZ ; A Sami BAYRAM ; Jorgen KOCH
Journal of Veterinary Science 2010;11(3):257-264
This study aimed to assess the influence of lobectomy and pneumonectomy on cardiac rhythm and on the dimensions and function of the right-side of the heart. Twelve dogs undergoing lobectomy and eight dogs undergoing pneumonectomy were evaluated preoperatively and one month postoperatively with electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiography at rest. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was estimated by the tricuspid regurgitation jet (TRJ) via the pulse wave Doppler velocity method. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (SIRS) were also evaluated based on the clinical and hematological findings in response to lobectomy and pneumonectomy. Following lobectomy and pneumonectomy, we predominantly detected atrial fibrillation and varying degrees of atrioventricular block (AVB). Dogs that died within seven days of the lobectomy (n = 2) or pneumonectomy (n = 1) had complete AVB. Preoperative right atrial, right ventricular, and pulmonary artery dimensions increased gradually during the 30 days (p<0.05) following pneumonectomy, but did not undergo significant changes during that same period after lobectomy. Mean PASP was 56.0 +/- 4.5 mmHg in dogs having significant TRJ after pneumonectomy. Pneumonectomy, but not lobectomy, could lead to increases (p<0.01) in the SIRS score within the first day post-surgery. In brief, it is important to conduct pre- and postoperative cardiac evaluation of dogs undergoing lung resections because cardiac problems are a common postoperative complication after such surgeries. In particular, complete AVB should be considered a life-threatening complication after pneumonectomy and lobectomy. In addition, pneumonectomy appears to increase the likelihood of pulmonary hypertension development in dogs.
Animals
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Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis/veterinary
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Atrioventricular Block/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Blood Pressure/physiology
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Dogs
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Echocardiography/veterinary
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Electrocardiography/veterinary
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Pneumonectomy/adverse effects/*veterinary
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Postoperative Care/methods/*veterinary
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Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/*veterinary
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Preoperative Care/methods/*veterinary
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Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome/diagnosis/etiology/veterinary
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Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency/diagnosis/etiology/veterinary
10.Improved assessment of frozen/thawed mouse spermatozoa using fluorescence microscopy.
Ann Kathrin DIERCKS ; Heinrich F BURGERS ; Anna SCHWAB ; Johannes SCHENKEL
Journal of Veterinary Science 2012;13(3):315-322
Genetically modified (GM) animals are unique mutants with an enormous scientific potential. Cryopreservation of pre-implantation embryos or spermatozoa is a common approach for protecting these lines from being lost or to store them in a repository. A mutant line can be taken out of a breeding nucleus only if sufficient numbers of samples with an appropriate level of quality are cryopreserved. The quality of different donors within the same mouse line might be heterogeneous and the cryopreservation procedure might also be error-prone. However, only limited amounts of material are available for analysis. To improve the monitoring of frozen/thawed spermatozoa, commonly used in vitro fertilization (IVF) followed by embryo transfer were replaced with animal-free techniques. Major factors for assessing spermatozoa quality (i.e., density, viability, motility, and morphology) were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. For this, a live/dead cell staining protocol requiring only small amounts of material was created. Membrane integrity was then examined as major parameter closely correlated with successful IVF. These complex analyses allow us to monitor frozen/thawed spermatozoa from GM mice using a relatively simple staining procedure. This approach leads to a reduction of animal experiments and contributes to the 3R principles (replacement, reduction and refinement of animal experiments).
Animals
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Benzimidazoles/chemistry
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Cryopreservation/veterinary
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Embryo Transfer/veterinary
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Female
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Fertilization in Vitro/veterinary
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Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Transgenic
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Microscopy, Fluorescence/*methods/veterinary
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Propidium/chemistry
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Semen Analysis/*methods/veterinary
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Semen Preservation/veterinary
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Spermatozoa/*physiology