By the way of searching engines and finding website linkages, the author retrieved the domestic and foreign medical ethics information resources on internet,enumerated some main websites related to medical ethics, analyzed the present condition,and suggested that we should hasten the construction of medical ethics information resources on internet.

Objective:To determine levels of insulin and glucose of maternal serum (MS),umbilical venous serum (UVS) and umbilical artery serum (UAS) in normal term pregnancy and intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR).Methods:One hundred and seven cases of normal gestational weeks on induction of labors and spontaneous deliveries and 32 cases of pregnancies complicated with IUGR.Levels of insulin were measured with sensitive radioimmunoassay and levels of glucose were measured by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method.Results:Level of insulin of maternal serum was not significantly different before 28 gastational weeks and peaked on 28 th gastational week,then it decreased with gestational weeks and peaked again at last term.Levels of insulin increased in UVS and UAS.Levels of glucose in MS,umbilical venous serum and umbilical artery serum were not significantly different.Level of insulin and glucose of MS in IUGR had no change,but it was significantly different in IUGR of UVS and UAS (P<0.01).Conclusion:Our study suggested a decrease of insulin and glucose in UVS and UAS with IUGR.

Objective To evaluate the impact of bilateral ovariectomy in post-menopausal women by comparison of climacteric symptoms before and after operation. Methods Post-menopausal women who received hysterectomy with concurrent bilateral ovariectomy on benign uterine indications were recruited.Climacteric symptoms before and after operation were accessed by a questionaire including modified Kupperman Index.Comparison was made after grouping the patients into early menopause group,whose menopausal period was no more than 5 years,and late menopause group,whose menopausal period was more than 5 years. Results Among a total of 95 individuals,8 had normal,46 had mild,34 had moderatc,and the other 7 had severe Kupperman Index scores before operation,while 5 had normal,28 had mild,48 had moderate,and the other 14 had severe Kupperman Index scores after operation,with more moderate and severe climacteric symptoms after operation than before operation(P<0.05).Women of early menopause group had higher total Kupperman Index scores and symptom scores of sweating,insomnia,depression,fatigue and headache than those of late menopause group before operation(P<0.05).Women of early menopause group had significantly higher Kupperman Index scores after operation than before operation(23.93±7.53 vs 17.63±8.07,P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in total Kupperman Index scores in women of late menopause group before and after operation. Conclusion Bilateral ovariectomy may affect the climacteric symptoms in post-menopausal women,especially in early menopausal period.

To effectively search the AIDS information resource on internet,the author enumerates main websites and makes classification in practical way.Through analyzing and comparison,the suggestion of strengthen the construction of AIDS information resource is given in the paper.

Objective To investigate the effects of ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets(Diane-35)on endocrine metabolism in non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods Fifty-three non-obese patients with PCOS were assigned to the 6-month treatment with Diane-35.Body mass index(BMI),waist to hip ratio(WHR),F-G score and acne score were recorded before treatment and at the end of the third and sixth cycle after treatment.Serum total testosterone,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),LH/FSH,fast plasma glucose,fast insulin and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)were obtained at early follicular phase and at the end of the third and sixth month.Results There was no significant change in BMI and WHR after treatment.Compared with those before treatment.F-G score,acne score,serum total testosterone,LH and LH/FSH were significantly decreased at two time points after treatment (P<0.05).BMI and HOMA-IR in patients with insulin resistance were significantly higher at the end of the sixth cycle after treatment than those before treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion Diane-35 can improve hyperandrogenism in non-obese patients with PCOS.However,Diane-35 may aggravate insulin resistance in those with insulin resistance.

Objective To investigate the value of transcatheter thrombolysis treatment of acute A V internal fistula thrombogenesis in hemodialysis patients. Methods The acute A V fistula thrombogenesis in 32 hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure were treated with transcatheter pulse spray pharmacomechnical thrombolysis (PSPMT). Results Acute A V fistula thrombogenesis was verified in all 32 patients by angiography and treated with transcatheter PSPMT. The immediate clinical success rate of thrombolysis was achieved in 97% except for one case. The A V fistulas were proved to reopen by post treatment angiography. Recurrent thrombosis was found in 4 cases, reopenning with transcatheter PSPMT was achieved in 2 of them and the rest 2 cases were undergone PTA because of localized vascular stenosis. All the 32 A V fistulae, were reopened after treatment without serious complications such as hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism and others.Conclusions Transcatheter PSPMT is a safe, effective and microinvasive treatment for acute A V fistula thrombolysis with higher immediate reopenning rate. Transcatheter PSPMT combined with PTA and intravascular stent grafting can improve long term patency rate.

Objective To investigate the long-term results of gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps and suture anchors in reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon rupture.Methods From September 2007 to February 2010,20 patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture were reconstructed with gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps plus suture anchors.There were 13 males and 7 females at mean age of 36 years (range,23-50 years).Unilateral tendon rupture was observed in 19 patients and bilateral in 1 patient.Tendon defect gap was 5-9 cm (mean 6.7 cm).Braces were used to immobilize the lower limber,and early exercise was encouraged.The outcomes were assessed using Arner-Lindhohm scoring system and Leppilahti scoring system.Results Postoperative recovery was uneventful.No patients experienced cut infection or other complications.After a mean 38-month follow-up (range,30-42 months),all patients could stand on the injured toes.Muscular strength of the affected lower limber was restored to 89％ of the unaffected side.According to the Arner-Lindhohm score,10 patients were rated as excellent and ten good.Mean Leppilahti score was 85 points (range,60-100 points),with excellent results in nine patients,good results in 10 and fair result in one.Conclusion For patients with chronic Achilles tendon rupture,the reconstructing using gastrocnemius fascial turn-down flaps combined with suture anchors can attain rigid fixation,early functional exercise,effective prevention of tendon adhesion,and good function recovery.

[Objective]To study the effect of curcumin on the cholesterol metabolism of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) cells model induced in vitro and its potential mechanism. [ Methods]The cellmodel of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) was established by oleic acid and treated with curcumin. The method of oil red O staining was used to observe accumulation of intracellular lipid while the intracellular content of TG, FC and TC was detected by enzymatic method. Meanwhile, the mRNA levels of SR-BΙand HMGCR were detected with qPCR.[ Results] The NAFLD cellmodel was successful y established by culturing with 30 μg·mL-1 oleic acid. After curcumin intervention, TG, FC and intracellular lipid accumulation levels were significantly reduced in NAFLD cellmodel. Meanwhile, curcumin can reduce HMGCR mRNA expression and raise SR-BΙ mRNA expression. [Conclusion] Curcumin can decrease FC level in NAFLD cellmodel and the mechanism might be related with its capacity of restraining endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis and promoting foreign cholesterol transfer into the liver cells for metabolism.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between serum uric acid and prehypertension and the effects of age,obesity,fasting glucose and lipids in Chinese adults.Methods14,451 non-hypertensive cases from a community-based health examination survey in Xuzhou,Jiangsu province of China were enrolled in this study.Blood pressure,BMI,and determination of fasting glucose,lipids and serum uric acid were measured in all cases.ResultsThe odds ratios ( OR,95％ CI ) of prehypertension across increased serum uric acid after adjusting for age,sex were 1.0,1.20 ( 1.07 - 1.35 ),1.55 ( 1.36 - 1.76),1.82(1.60-2.09),2.33(2.03-2.67) (Pfor trend ＜0.01).The odds ratios were 1.0,1,04(0.92-1.18),1.21(1.06-1.38),1.26(1.09 - 1.45),1.36(1.17 - 1.58),( Pfor trend ＜0.01) after adjusting for age,sex,BMI,glucose,and lipids.In addition,fasting glucose significantly interacted with uric acid ( P for interaction ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Serum uric acid was associated with prehypertension,which might be an independent metabolic risk factor.Fasting glucose may reinforce the associations.

Traditional medical education focus on expository teaching,rote learning,and apprenticeship training for clinical skill.Although these teaching approaches can be beneficial for imparting knowledge and clinical skill,they appear to be insufficient for team cooperation,knowledge integration,and standard training.Biomedical simulation teaching is a new method for imparting knowledge,and has achieved good results in current medical education.This paper aims to introduce the definition and characteristic of biomedical simulation,and the application and significance of biomedical simulation in ultrasound teaching are also outlined and discussed.