Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water-improving defuoridation projects in the endmie fluorosis areas in Gansu Province in 2006. Methods The content of fluoride in drinking water in 18 endemic disease counties was screened, and the defluoridation projects built after the 1980s were supervised and inspected. The content of fluoride in drinking water was assessed by F-ion selective electrode. Results Fluoride content was determined in water of 6260 sources in 1252 fluorosis villages in 18 counties, with 63.50% (3975/6260)≤1.0 mg/L and 36.50%(2285/6260)>1.0 mg/L. Nine hundred and ninty-seven water-improving and clefluoridation projects had been investigated in 16 counties, among which 95.49% (952/997) were function well, and projects intermittently running or abandoned respectively accounted for 3.11% (31/997) and 1.40%(14/997). Nine hundred and eighty-three sources of water treated by the water-improving and defluoridation projects had been determined for fluoride content, it turned out that 91.76% (902/983) were within the standard, only 8.24% (81/983) were not; as for outlet and leftover water of 934 water-improving and defluoridatian projects determined for water fluoride content, qualified projects accounted for 92.08% (860/934) and 91.97%(859/934), leaving 7.92%(74/934) and 8.03%(75/934) disqualified, respectively. Water-improving and defluoridation projects mostly relied on drilling a well in gaining under-ground water or collecting surface-ground water, so under-ground water and surface-ground water are the majority. Conclusions Water fluoride content exceeds the standard in some of the villages. A few projects do not function well. Fluorosis damage still exists in Gansu Province, therefore countermeasures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out as promptly as possible and surveillance on water-improving and defluoridation projects must be strengthened and managed.

0.05).However,there were significant differences in retinal sensitivity among the other abnormalities(P

Objective:To evaluate the effects of maxillomandibular advancement and contrarotation in the treatment of severe com-plicated multilevel obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods:1 2 patients (all males,aged 26 to 56 years) with severe complicated multilevel OSAHS were treated by orthognathic surgery methods of maxillomandibular advancement and cont-rarotation and followed up for 6 -1 2 months.Results:After surgery the symptoms of all patients,such as snoring,waking up be-cause of stoke and streaming with sweat,disappeared or were ameliorated remarkably.The AHI index declined from 51 -70 before operation to 0 -3 after operation.While sleeping,their blood oxygen saturation augmented from 30% -70.1 % presurgically to 93%-99% postsurgically,and their average blood oxygen saturation increased from 60% -72% presurgically to 95% -99% postsurgi-cally in all 1 2 patients.Conclusion:Orthognathic surgery method of maxillomandibular advancement and contrarotation is effective in the treatment of severe complicated multilevel OSAHS.

Objective To investigate the correlation between flat IVC (fIVC)and relative clinical,index of prolapse of kidney(K) and lordosis of abdominal aorta (A)with respect to the lumbar on supine.Methods Abdominal CT image data of 100 cases without sign of low blood volume were selected randomly.The K and A were calculated in the plane of the entrance of the renal vein and fIVC was defined according to the ratio of length to short diameter of IVC (R)up and down about 1.5 cm plane,which large to 3 ︰ 1.The index size between different groups tested by t,the association of fIVC with age and gender tested byχ2 .Results Among 100 cases, male 57 cases,female 43 cases,fIVC was 14 and 20 cases respectively (χ2 =5.26,P <0.05);The old,middle-aged and young groups were 56,38 and 6 cases respectively,the constituent ratio of fIVC was 44.64%(25/56),23.68%(9/38)and 0(0/6)respectively;The mean of K plus A was 2.57±0.25,2.1 5 ±0.14 and 2.05 ±0.1 1 respectively.The two former of old group was all significantly more than that of green group (χ2 =6.40,t=5.06,P <0.05).The mean of K plus A of fIVC and non-fIVC set was 2.67±0.25 and 2.03±0.18 (t=3.89,P <0.05)respectively.Conclusion The increased K and A on supine perhaps as causes for the formation of fIVC and its more located nearby the entrance of the renal vein,and is associated with age and gender.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in superficial lymphadenopathy. Methods Ninty-four superficial enlarged lymph nodes were studied by 2-dimensional, color Doppler ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Then the contrast-enhanced images were analyzed by Philips Q-LAB software. All the results were compared with pathological diagnosis. Results For the 94 superficial lymph nodes examined,44 were benign,33 were metastases and 17 were lymphomas. The sensitivity, specificity,and accuracy of contrast-enhanced images were 84% ,74% and 790//oo respectively. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination showed intense homogeneous enhancement in 39 of 44 benign lymph nodes; high or low homogeneous enhancement in 25 of 33 and 7 of 33 in metastases respectively;intense homogeneous, and scarce enhancement in 6 of 17 and 9 of 17 in lymphomas respectively. Time-intensity curves showed that compared with metastasis lymph nodes and lymphomas, benign lymph nodes had higher peak intensity and larger area under the curve (P<0.01). Conclusions The diagnosis accuracy was significant increased when contrast-enhanced ultrasound was test against conventional ultrasound. The character of contrast agent enhancement and Q-LAB time-intensity curves provide valuable diagnosis information for differential diagnosis of benign,metastasis lymph nodes and lymphomas.

New Chemical Entities (NCEs) development is a systematic long-term project that involves multiple disciplines. The translation research will help to build an advanced R&D system from the basic laboratory research, preclinical studies and clinical evaluation to clinical application of drug, for the purpose of shortening the R&D cycle and accelerate the launch of new drugs. In new drug R&D and its clinical application, drug disposition (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, ADME) properties are important criteria for assessing drug-likeness of candidates. ADME evaluation of NCEs plays an important role in the translation research throughout innovative drug R&D process. Therefore, ADME evaluation at the early stage of drug design and development will be helpful to improve the success rate and reduce costs, and further access to safe, effective drugs.

OBJECTIVETo dicuss the application and therapeutic effect of middle-forearm flap based on perforator of ulnar artery for electrical burn wound on the wrist.

METHODSFrom Oct. 2009 to Oct. 2012, 10 cases of electrical burn wounds on the wrist were treated. A line from radialis medial epicondyle of humerus to the interior radialis pisiform bone was connected as flap axis. At the midpoint of the line, Doppler flow imaging meter was used to detect the emerging point of perforator vessel. The flap was designed and harvested. The flap was transferred reversely, with superficial vein retaining which was anastomosed with vein at recipient sites in 3 cases. The wounds in the donor sites were closed directly in 2 cases, and with skin graft in 8 cases.

RESULTSAll the 10 flaps survived completely. 7 cases without vein anastomosis underwent obvious flap edema during 2-4 days postoperatively, which resovled 1 week later. Sub-flap tissue necrosis and infection happened in 2 cases, which healed after dressing and drainage. Patients were followed up for 3-36 months with satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSThe middle-forearm flap based on perforator of ulnar artery has a stable and reliable blood supply. It offers a new choice for the electric burn wound on the wrist, especially at the ulnar side.

Burns, Electric ; surgery ; Forearm ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Ulnar Artery ; Wrist Injuries ; surgery

0.05). Two fasting blood samples of 3 mL were taken in both groups and were sealed in tubes.Serum was separated by centrifugation at 3 000 r/min for 10 min. The serum IGF-Ⅰ, IgG, IgA and IgM were detected with the method of ELISA. The body height, wieght were measured at the same time. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 11.0 software. Means and standard deviation were calculated.t-test was used to compare the differences between menas.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the significance of correlation.Results The serum IGF-Ⅰ,IgG,IgA,IgM and weight,height in RRI group were (21.8?4.5) ?g/L,(8.85?1.94) g/L,(0.78?0.22) g/L,(1.01?0.55) g/L,(17.7?4.92) kg and (95.2?3.22) cm.The serum IGF-Ⅰ,IgG,IgA,IgM and weight,height in control group were (32.7?4.7) ?g/L,(12.05?2.09) g/L,(1.95?0.90) g/L,(1.60?0.60) g/L,(25.3?9.6) kg,(104.7?8.32) cm,respectively.There were significant differences between 2 groups(Pa

Objective To detect the microsatellite instability (MSI) of D9S166,D9S171,D9S941, D9S942 and IFNA located at chromosome 9p21 in gastric carcinoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and normal tissue,and investigate the correlation of p14,p15,p16 gene and the gastric carcinogenesis. Methods 55 cases of gastric carcinoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and normal tissue were se- lected to detect MSI by microdissection,polymerase chain reaction,denaturing polyaerylamide gel elec- trophoresis and silver nitrate staining technology of five microsatellite markers on 9p21.Results In the infor- mative cases,total ratio of MSI in gastric carcinoma was 27 % (64/233) and it was 18% (42/233) in high- grade intraepithelial neoplasia.The ratio of MSI was significantly higher in gastric carcinoma than that in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (P

To look for a more stable and convenient way of constructing short hairpin RNA expression vectors targeting the latent membrane protein-1(LMP-1) encoded by Epstein-Barr virus(pshLMP1), and to study the inhibition function of pshLMP1 expression vectors in HNE1 cells, we designed the pshLMP1 expression cassette and pshLMP1 expression vectors by both the annealing method and PCR method and then co-transfected with pEGFP-N1-1158 into HNE1 cells to observe the mRNA and protein levels of LMP-1 genes by green fluorescence analysis, RT-PCR and western blot. pshLMP1 expression vectors were successfully obtained by both methods but better cloning efficiency was achieved and fewer deletions and mutations of nucleotides were achieved with the PCR method. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of LMP-1 genes were down-regulated by pshLMP1 expression vectors. According to our research, we found that the PCR method provides a more efficient way to construct pshLMP1 expression vectors which have the ability to inhibit the function of LMP-1 genes expressed in HNE1 cells, and also provides a novel application of RNA interference technology against-EBV.