Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enteral Nutrition ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatitis ; etiology ; Sodium Chloride

Objective Schistasoma japonicum(S.japonicum)lysophospholipase gene(Sjl539)from cDNA of S japonicum adult worms was amplified and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)for expression of recombinant antigen and immunogenicity analysis.Methods Total RNA of S.japonicum was extracted to generato cDNA by RT-PCR.The Sj1539 gent was amplified.The DNA fragment was subcloned into eukaryofic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)following insertion and amplification in pGEM-T.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into human cervical carcinoma cell strain(Hela cells)and expression products were identified by Western blotting.Results The size of PCR product was approximately 684 bp.It was confirmed that Sj1539 gene had been inserted successfully by the recombinant plasmid digested with two enzymes and PCR.It was verified that the expression product could react with S.japonicum-infected rabbit serum by Western blotting and the molecular weight was approximately 25×103.Conclusions The eukaryotie expression vector carrying Sj1539 gene has been established and the expression product has been obtained.

Objective: To analyze the effect of acupuncture versus hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Methods: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) were searched up to January 31st, 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of acupuncture for POI. The primary outcome was the level of basal serum follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH). Secondary outcomes included serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Two authors extracted data independently and assessed the risk of bias and the methodological quality using the Cochrane's tool. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan version 5.3. Results: Eight eligible RCTs with a total of 496 POI patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that there was a significant reduction in the basal serum FSH level (MD=-5.82, 95％CI:-9.76 to -1.87, I2=82％, P=0.004) and a remarkable elevation in the basal E2 level (SMD=0.93, 95％CI: 0.34 to 1.52, I2=88％, P=0.002) in the acupuncture group when compared with the control. Subgroup analysis showed that compared with HRT, a significant decrease in the FSH level was observed in both acupuncture alone (MD=-4.53, 95％CI:-8.96 to -0.10, I2=73％, P=0.04) and acupuncture plus HRT (MD=-9.60, 95％CI:-17.60 to -1.61, I2=50％, P=0.02), while a remarkable elevation of E2 was only found in acupuncture plus HRT (SMD=1.43, 95％CI: 1.03 to 1.82, I2=0％, P<0.00001). There was no significant difference in the LH level between acupuncture and HRT (MD=-3.16, 95％CI:-9.41 to 3.10, I2=0％, P=0.32), only one trial reported AMH, and no significant difference was found between acupuncture and HRT. Conclusion: The present study indicated that acupuncture had an advantage over HRT in reducing serum FSH level and increasing serum E2 level in women with POI. However, evidence supporting the finding is limited due to the small sample size, potential methodological flaws and significant heterogeneity. Hence, this conclusion still needs to be verified by high-quality RCTs.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of domestic sevoflurane by comparing the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of domestic sevoflurane and an imported product.

METHODSEighty patients undergoing general anesthesia for transabdominal hysterectomy were equally randomized into domestic sevoflurane group and imported sevoflurane group. The following data were recorded and compared: vital signs; change of sevoflurane concentrations in the induction period and recovery period; the time when inhaled sevoflurane concentration reached half of the pre-set concentration of the vaporizer; the time when the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration reached half of the pre-set concentration of the vaporizer; the time when the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration reached half of inhaled sevoflurane concentration; the time of the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration reached 0. 8 MAC in the induction period; the recovery time; the extubation time; and time to recovery of consciousness.

RESULTSThe general conditions of the two groups were not significantly different. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters at the intra-operative time points as well as the minimal alveolar concentration, the inspired and end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations, and the time to recovery of consciousness also showed no significant differences between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe domestic sevoflurane has similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics as the imported products. It can serve as a cost-effective product for transabdominal hysterectomy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; pharmacokinetics ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Methyl Ethers ; pharmacokinetics ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Electrospray ionization is most commonly used in mass spectrometry for analysis of biological molecules such as peptides and proteins. However, peptides and proteins ions produced by electrospray ionization usually have multiple charges, and produce multiple spectrum peaks, making the mass spectrum complicated. Gas phase proton transfer ion/ion reaction can effectively regulate the charge states of peptides and proteins ions after electrospray ionization, simplifying the spectrogram, and thus is significant to the analysis of complex proteins and peptides samples. In this study, a dual-polarity linear ion trap ( LIT) mass spectrometer was used to control the charge state of peptide ions by proton transfer ion/ion reaction. The detection effect of the method was verified by using glutathione ( oxidation type) , oxytocin and dynorphin as typical samples. The results showed that this method could remove excess charges in the positive ions. When injecting enough negative ions for eaction, peptide ions with multiple charge valence state could be reduced to the minimum, therefore simplify the spectrogram effectively.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the xanthones from Tibetan medicine Halenia elliptica and their antioxidant activity.

METHODSColumn chromatography over normal phase silica gel, reversed phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and recrystallization techniques were used to isolate and purify constituents from Halenia elliptica. Infrared spectrometry, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry were used to identify the structure of compounds. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the content of malondialdehyde product in mice liver cell microsomal induced by ferrous-cysteine.

RESULTSEight xanthones (compound I-VIII) were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate extract of Halenia elliptica, among which 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone was a novel compound. Compound I, III at 10 microg/ml and 100 microg/ml could inhibit the production of malondialdehyde in mouse liver microsomes in vitro.

CONCLUSIONEight xanthones were isolated and they have certain antioxidant activity.

Antioxidants ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gentianaceae ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Xanthenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Xanthones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon dilation (BD) with gastroscope in treatment of esophageal stricture in children.

METHODSBD was performed in 12 children aged 5 - 59 months, average age 26 months, course of disease was 2 - 26 months, with esophageal stricture, 7 cases with anastomotic strictures secondary to surgical repair of esophageal atresia, 3 with congenital esophageal stenosis, 2 with corrosive esophageal strictures. All procedures were performed under tracheal intubation and intravenous anesthesia using the 3rd grade controlled radial expansion (CRE) esophagus-balloon with gastroscope. Firstly the balloon was inserted into the esophagus through mouth, then put in the gastroscope. Under the direct guidance of gastroscope the balloon was positioned across the stricture, then the balloon was filled with saline to get needed pressure and maintained for 3 minutes. The procedure was repeated 3 times at an interval of 3 minutes. The abdominal pain, melena and vomiting were observed, as well as the diet taken thereafter, the size of the stricture and the nutrition status were observed for 3 to 12 months after the dilation.

RESULTSTwenty-two dilations were performed in 12 cases, 19 succeeded, 3 cases developed complication during the dilation, the total success rate was 86%. The procedure failed in 3 cases and succeeded in 9 cases, the effective rate was 75%. Follow-up and repeated gastroscopy were performed within 3 to 12 months after the dilation, the diameter of the stricture was 9-13 mm, compared with 2-8 mm before the dilation. Eight of the children could take solid food and nutritional status was improved.

CONCLUSIONSBD with the 3rd grade CRE esophagus-balloon under gastroscopy is a simple and effective method to treat esophagus stricture in children, especially for anastomotic strictures secondary to surgical repair of esophageal atresia.

Catheterization ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Esophageal Stenosis ; therapy ; Gastroscopes ; Humans ; Infant ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of swimming exercise on the expression of apelin and its receptor (APJ) system in pulmonary tissues of rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by hypoxia.

METHODSForty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, hypoxia group (seven-week) and swimming group (four-week swimming group after three-week hypoxia). The animal model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was established by exposing the rats to isobaric hypoxic chamber (8 h/d, 6 d/w). The rats of swimming group swam 60 min/day, 7 d/week for 4 weeks after three-week hypoxia. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and the mean carotid arterial pressure (mCAP) were measured by either right or left cardiac catheterization, and the weight ratio of right ventricule/left ventricle plus septum [RV/(LV + S)] were calculated. The Masson's trichrome stained lung specimens were used by light microscope to examine the vessel wall area/total area (WA/TA), vessel cavity area/total area (CA/TA) and media thickness of pulmonary arterioles (PAMT). Meanwhile, apelin/ APJ expressions were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS(1) mPAP and RV/(LV + S) of hypoxia group were higher than those of control group by 73.6% and 31.2% (P < 0.01), and mPAP and RV/(LV + S) of swimming group were lower than those of hypoxia group by 21.1%and 8.9 % (P < 0.05), respectively. (2) Masson's trichrome staining revealed that WA/TA and PAMT of hypoxia group were higher than those of control group by 70.8% and 102%. However, WA/TA and PAMT of swimming group were lower than those of hypoxia group by 24.8% and 40.1% (all P < 0.01), respectively. CA/TA of hypoxia group was lower than that of control group by 15.1%, and CA/TA of swimming group was lower than that of hypoxia group by 10.3% (all P < 0.01). (3) Compared with control group, hypoxia group showed up-regulated apelin expression and down-regulated APJ expression in pulmonary tissues (all P < 0.01). Compared with hypoxia group, swimming group showed decreased apelin expression and elevated APJ expression in pulmonary tissues (all P < 0.01). (4) Apelin localized mainly in intracytoplasm of inflammatory cell and tunica adventitia of vessel, and APJ were in vascular intima and tunica externa and plasmalemma of inflammatory cell.

CONCLUSIONThe improving effect of swimming exercise on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats could be mediated by regulating the pulmonary apelin/APJ system.

Animals ; Apelin ; Apelin Receptors ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism ; Swimming

OBJECTIVETo investigative vacA, cagA and iceA genes dominant genotypes of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) isolated from children suffering from gastric and duodenal diseases in Guangzhou area.

METHODSTotally 105 children who underwent gastroscopy in Guangzhou Children's Hospital were enrolled into this study. From each patient, 3 biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum were taken, one was used for rapid urease test, one for histological examination, and one for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting ureA, vacA, cagA, and iceA genes. DNA was prepared directly from the biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum using a QIAamp DNA mini kit (Qiagen, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Then 11 primers were used for detecting the genotypes including ureas, (s1, s1a, s1b, s1c, s2) and m (m1, m1T, m2) region of vacA, cagA and iceA (iceA1 and iceA2) genotypes in the 105 children. The distribution of the genotypes of Hp was analyzed.

RESULTAmong the 105 children, only 52 children were positive by the three methods, among these 52 children, 26 were boys and 26 girls. Hp vacA s1as1c/m2 was detected in 43 out of 52 children (82.7%), s1as1c/m1T in 9.6% (5/52), m region that could not betyped was 7.7% (4/52). No strains presented genotypes vacA s1b, s2, m1. The comparison of the positive ratio of vacA s1as1 c/m2 detected in the children infected with Hp and that of the other combination of signal region and middle region was statistically significantly different (P < 0.01). With regard to cagA gene, cagA(+) gene and cagA(-) gene were found in 90.4% (47/52) and 9.6% (5/52) of the children, respectively. The cagA(+) gene was more frequent in the children infected with Hp. Single iceA1 was detected in 78.8% (41/52) children, and single iceA2 was detected to be 1.9% (1/52), multiple strains infection of iceA1 and iceA2 were detected in 3.8% (2/52) children, iceA1 and iceA2 were not detected in 15.4% (8/52), the comparison of the positive ratio of iceA1 detected in the children infected with Hp and that of the other genotypes was statistically significantly different (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe s1as1c/m2, cagA and iceA1 were the dominant genotypes of Hp in the children in Guangzhou area and s1as1c/m2, cagA and iceA1 were the dominant genotypes combination of Hp in the children in this area.

Antigens, Bacterial ; genetics ; therapeutic use ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genes, Bacterial ; drug effects ; genetics ; Genotype ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Helicobacter pylori ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pyloric Antrum ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of a 10-day sequential therapy which was made up of omeprazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate and metronidazole for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in children.

METHODA total of 214 children with abdominal pain, who were confirmed to have Hp infection through endoscopy, biopsy, and Hp culture. The 214 cases were randomly divided into four groups. A 10-day sequential therapy group accepted omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d) plus amoxicillin-clavulanate 50 mg/(kg·d) for five days and omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d), clarithromycin 20 mg/(kg·d) and metronidazole 20 mg/(kg·d) for the remaining five days. The 7-day triple therapy group, 10-day triple therapy group and 14-day triple therapy group received omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d), amoxicillin-clavulanate 50 mg/(kg·d) and clarithromycin 20 mg/(kg·d) for 7 days,10 days,14 days, respectively. All drugs were given twice daily. All these patients received (13)C urea breath test ((13)C-UBT) four weeks after the treatment.

RESULTFinally, 199 patients were followed up, and the total rate of loss to follow-up was 7.0% (15/214). Hp eradication rate was 85.2% and 90.2% in the 10-day sequential therapy group on intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses, 66.0% and 71.4% in the 7-day triple therapy group on ITT and PP analyses; 60.0% and 67.3% in 10-day triple therapy group on ITT and PP analyses, and 78.8% and 82.0% in patients who received the 10-day sequential regimen on ITT and PP analyses, respectively. By ITT analysis, there was significantly difference between the 10-day sequential therapy group and 7-day or 10-day triple therapy group (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between the 10-day sequential therapy group and 14-day triple therapy group (P > 0.05). The results of the ITT analysis and the PP analysis were the same. The four groups had neither significant difference in abdominal pain relief (P > 0.05) nor in incidence of adverse reactions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe 10-day sequential regimen was significantly more effective than both 7-day triple regimen and 10-day triple regimen, while had the same eradication rate compared with the 14-day sequential therapy. But 10-day triple regimen to eradicate Hp infection in children had the advantages such as short course of treatment and better compliance.

Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Amoxicillin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; administration & dosage ; Breath Tests ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clarithromycin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Metronidazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Omeprazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome