OBJECTIVE:To provide practical ideas and methods for facilitating the entry of traditional Chinese medicine into the international markets.METHODS:The favorable conditions and unfavorable factors for the traditional Chinese medicine entering into the international markets were studied extensively and thoroughly and contrasted analytically.RE?SULTS&CONCLUSION:Management on production and quality of the traditional Chinese medicine should be strengthened in China;laws and regulations on traditional Chinese medicine products of each country should be studied with great attention.Considering the condition and characteristics of our products,our country should find a suitable location in the international market and shoot the arrow at the target.The concerned parties should concentrate on the research and development of tra?ditional Chinese medicine and facilitate the entry of which into the international market by drawing assistance from the spreading of traditional Chinese medicine.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Cause of Death ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Mathematics ; Quality of Life ; Value of Life

Anemia ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Research

Objective To observe the expression changes of cyclophilin A ( CyPA ) , Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2),and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the pathological process of atherosclerosis in rats. Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:a control group and atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups (n=8 in each group). The atherosclerosis groups were fed with high-fat diet,and they were given vitamin D3 600 000 IU for a single intraperitoneal injection,and the rats in the control group were fed with the basal feed. The rats were sacrificed at 8,12,and 15 weeks. Their abdominal aortas were separated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression levels of CyPA,KLF2,and eNOS on arterial walls. Results With the progression of atherosclerosis lesion,the rats in the control group,and atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups showed different characteristics, including normal vessel structure, endothelial cell damage, smooth muscle cell proliferation,formation of atherosclerotic plaque,and formation of calcified plaque. There were significantly differences in the expression levels of CyPA,KLF2,eNOS on vessel walls among the control group,atherosclerosis 8,12,and 15 week groups (CyPA:0. 0037 ± 0. 0018,0. 0276 ± 0. 0090,0. 0526 ± 0. 0129,and 0. 1080 ± 0. 0388;KLF2:0. 0932 ± 0. 0331,0. 0415 ± 0. 0076,0. 0207 ± 0. 0059, and 0. 0014 ± 0. 0003;eNOS:0. 0358 ± 0. 0185,0. 0148 ± 0. 0080,0. 0049 ± 0. 0025,0. 0037 ± 0. 0026;F=36. 395,42. 108,and 21. 255,respectively,all P<0. 05),and the CyPA expression showed an increasing trend among groups, and there were significant differences between the pairwise comparisons (all P<0. 05). The expression level of KLF2 showed a progressive declining trend,and there were significant differences between pairwise comparisons (all P <0. 05);there was significant difference in eNOS expression between the atherosclerosis 12-week group and the atherosclerosis 15-week group, and there were significant differences among other groups (all P<0. 05). Conclusion With the progression of atherosclerotic lesions, the expression of CyPA increases progressively, and the expression levels of KLF2 and eNOS decrease progressively. This may be one of the approaches of CyPA caused atherosclerotic lesion.

Objective To investigate the effect of Skp2 gene silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of SPC-A-1 lung cancer cells .Methods Specific small hairpin RNA (shRNA ) targeting Skp2 gene was introduced into lung cancer cells by Lipo-fectamine 2000 and the positive clones were screened by G418 .The Skp2 mRNA and protein expression level of lung cancer cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot .M TT method and flow cytometry (FCM ) analysis were used to observe the effect of RNAi on proliferation of lung cancer cells .Cell apoptosis was analyzed by FCM .Results Transfected with Skp2 shRNA expression vector significantly reduced the expression of Skp2 protein in lung cancer cells .Inhibition efficiency was respectively (75 .3 ± 5 .1) , (70 .4 ± 3 .2) .P27 protein expression was increased significantly in lung cancer cells .The growth of lung cancer cells transfected with Skp2 shRNA was blocked ,with Gl phase cells increased and S phase cells decreased .The apoptosis rate of cancer cells was higher in Skp2 shRNA groups than in control groups .Apoptosis rates were (17 .5 ± 2 .8)% ,(15 .6 ± 3 .1)% in Skp2 shRNA groups .Conclusion Specific inhibition of the expression of Skp2 can slow down the growth of lung cancer cells ,increase cell apop-tosis .

Pustular psoriasis is not a rare inflammatory skin disease, and is characterized by sudden onset of generalized erythema and sterile pustules complicated by chills, high fever, neutrophilia and elevated levels of C?reactive protein. Due to frequent recurrence, it greatly impacts the quality of life in patients. Recently, it has been gradually found that IL36RN, CARD14 and AP1S3 mutations are associated with the occurrence of pustular psoriasis, and accordingly some new therapeutic approaches have emerged. This review summarizes recent advances in genetics of pustular psoriasis.

The function of the nervous system is largely determined by the communication between neurons and glial cells.The interaction of complex signaling pathways between neurons and glial cells involves in a variety of signaling molecules.Purines and the purinergic receptors play a crucial role in the process of the interaction.For a long time, the study on the central nervous system is mainly focused on neurons, while glial cells are mainly used as support cells or in response to brain injury to provide a guiding role.The latest research shows that glial cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases.We will summarize the function of purinergic receptors in the interaction of neurons and glial cells and in neurological diseases.

The robust nuclear-cytoplasmic transport is vital for eukaryotes'life cycle.Not only proteins and RNAs are transferred to their destination by this system, the important cellular activities such as mitosis are also regulated by the transport pathways via adjusting the local concentrations of some critical cargoes.tRNA is one of the most important biomacromolecules in the cell, synthesized in nucleus, and taking part in protein synthesis in cytoplasm.It is a long-held belief that tRNA functions only as a key player in protein synthesis, and tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic transport is a unidirectional movement from nucleus to cytoplasm.However, the recent discoveries are overturning the traditional opinions.Nuclear-born tRNA can be exported out of nucleus, while cytoplasmic-residing tRNA can also be retrogradely transport into nucleus.The new concept tRNA nuclear-cytoplasmic dynamics was coined in 2008 to describe the tRNA communication between nucleus and cytoplasm, which was found able to regulate protein synthesis and cell cycle in S.cerevisiae.The latest results in this field are going to change the landscape of eukaryotic tRNA biology.