AIM　The purpose is to examine the chemical constituents in the fruits of Terminalia chebula. METHODS　Using combined chromatographies over silica gel, Diaion HP-20, Toyopearl HW-40 and MCI gel CHP -20P to purify the constituents of Terminalia chebula, and identifying their structures on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence were purified. RESULTS　Twenty one hydrolyzable tannins and related polyphenols were characterized, here reports eight of them: 2,3-(S)-HHDP-D-glucose, 3,6-di-O-galloyl-D-glucose, 6-O-galloyl-D-glucose, (-)-shikimide 4-O-gallate, (-)-shikimic acid 3-O-gallate+(-)-shikimic acid 5-O-gallate, methyl gallate and 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose were reported. CONCLUSION　The above eight polyphenols were obtained from myrobalans for the first time.

5-10 years old were 33 cases;febrile children were 55 cases,persistent cough in 65 cases,among of those cases,the wheezing were 8 cases,nonproductive cough 45 cases,nasal discharge 7 cases in early right lung pneumonia in 38 cases,left lung pneumonia in 23 cases,pulmones involved at same time were 8 cases.Among of those children who senerated plenritis were 9 cases,pleural effussion 1 case;complication besides lung appeared 32 children.Complication of digestive and urinary system had 8 cases(11.6%),respectively.Complication of cardiovascular system had 3 cases(4.3%).Complication of nervous system and skin had 4 cases(5.8%),respectively.Complication of hematological system had 5 cases(7.2%).Eight cases(11.6%) showed damage of no more one organ,Fifty-nine cases first treated by erythromycin in vein,then by azithromycin in oral,10 cases were treated by azithromycin oral medication.Thirty-three cases fully recovered,36 cases improved.Conclusions SMPP are more founded in school children,the complication of besides lung are more serious than that of non-segmental pneumonia,it is security and relatively satisfaction to treat with erythromycin and azithromycin in sequential therapy.

Objective To investigate the evaluation value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) combined with S-100B protein in the severity and prognosis in patients with acute subdural hematoma ( ASDH).Methods Eighty cases of ASDH patients and 20 cases of healthy check-up were selected.MRS was used to test NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho, and Glx /Cr in thalamus and corpus callosum.The blood S-100B protein was detected in 72 h after injury.The relationships of those MRS detection indices with glasgow coma scale ( GCS) and glasgow prognostic score ( GOS) for 2 months after injury were analyzed .Results MRS detection in-dex and the S100B protein in ASDH were compared between each group relative to normal control group , all difference had statistical significance ( P <0.05).As aggravating the severity of traumatic brain injury , Cho/Cr, Glx/Cr ratio, and S-100B protein concentra-tion were elevated , and NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr were reduced .All differences were statistically significant among poor recovery , good recovery, and normal control groups ( P <0.05).For patients with traumatic brain injury, there were worse prognosis, the higher ra-tios of Cho/Cr and Glx/Cr, higher concentration of S-100B protein, and lower ratios of NAA/Cho and of NAA/Cr.GCS score and GOS scores were negatively correlated with Cho/Cr and Glx/Cr ratios of corpus callosum , and were positively correlated with NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr ratios of corpus callosum .S-100B protein was positively correlated with Cho/Cr and Glx/Cr, and was negatively correlated with NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr.MRS combined S-100B can improve the prognosis of patients with up to the accuracy of 81%.Conclu-sions MRS detection in the early stage after injury of ASDH patients has important value in assessment of the severity of the injury and its prognosis , the accuracy of assessment of prognosis is improved with a combination of MRS detection and blood S -100 B protein meas-urement.

Objective To explore the activated brain region of acute epilepsy in cat model induced by pentylenetetrazol(FFZ)with manganese enhanced-functional MR imaging(ME-fMRI),and evaluate the application of ME-fMRI on localization of the activated brain.Methods Forty cats were divided into 4 groups by random number table method as epileptic A and B groups as well as control A and B groups. Cats of epileptic groups were injected with PTZ(55 mg/kg)intramuscularly,and those of control groups were injected with the saline at same dose.The behavior change in the epileptic and control group A was observed and electroencephalogram(EEG)was also undertaken.Cats of epileptic and control group B were performed ME-fMRI,and the percentage of the enhanced signal intensity was then calculated.Results After injection with PTZ(55 mg/kg)intramuscularly,epileptic seizure was all evoked,and then EEG recording showed spike-wave and polyspike-wave complexes.The neocortex of cats of epileptic group B was diffusely phanero-enhanced on ME-fMRI.The percent enhancement of signal intensity in cortex of frontal lobe,parietal lobe and occipital lobe was(34.6?5.7)% and that in cortex of temporal lobe with(22.9? 6.5)%,whereas those of control group B with(14.9?4.5)% and(11.6?3.2)% respectively.And there was significant difference between the above different localization of the brain in the two groups (t=-10.43,-5.46 respectively,P

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for HPLC fingerprint determination of the triterpene acids in Poria cocos.

METHODRP-HPLC, linear gradient elution and LC/MS, etc. were used to optimize the fingerprint determination method, and identify the main peaks in the HPLC fingerprint.

RESULTA preferable method for HPLC fingerprint determination of the triterpene acids in P. cocos was established, and 9 peaks in the HPLC fingerprint were identified.

CONCLUSIONA general acquaintance of the triterpene acids in P. cocos can be obtained by using the preferable HPLC fingerprint determination method, which is useful for quality evaluation of the crud drug of P. cocos.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Polyporales ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; classification

Premature ejaculation is a common but incompletely understood male sexual dysfunction. Recent years have witnessed fruitful researches on NO in the mechanism of male ejaculation and successful application of selective PDE5 inhibitor in the treatment of male sexual dysfunction. And now the researches on the etiopathogenesis, mechanism, diagnosis and therapy of premature ejaculation have achieved great development. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been widely applied to clinical practice, but with increasing adverse effects. The purpose of the review is to introduce the updated development of the epidemiology, definition, etiopathogenesis, mechanism and therapy of premature ejaculation, and to provide some reference for the diagnosis and management of the problem.
Adult ; Aged ; Ejaculation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo define the clinicopathological features of primary cardiac large B-cell lymphoma.

METHODA case of primary cardiac large B-cell lymphoma was studied with conventional histopathological and immunohistochemical staining in combination with literature review.

RESULTSThe lesion appeared to originate in the right atrium and involved the venae cavae and the left atrium. Microscopic examination showed diffuse proliferation of large atypical lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm, vestiealer nuelei, thick nuclear membrane and conspicuous nucleoli. Giant tumor cells scattered in the lesion. The neoplastic cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a.

CONCLUSIONPrimary cardiac lymphoma is extremely rare, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. With non-specific clinical manifestations, the majority of primary cardiac lymphomas are of B-cell lineage and a bad prognosis.

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; analysis ; CD79 Antigens ; analysis ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biomechanical changes in skin after employing the skin stretch.

METHODSSkin samples were took from the test group which was stretched for 7 days and control group without stretch respectively in the end of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 week. The biomechanical index were measured by tensiometer.

RESULTSThe mean destroy stress, breaking load, stretch rate of the test group decreased obviously in the first week (the breaking load was increasing at the beginning) and the three index increased subsequently, they reached the climax during the fourth week and turned to normal subsequently to the level of some higher than control group and normal value in the sixth week. The stiffness of the test group reached the climax at the first week and than decreased gradually to the level of some higher than normal value and control group. The biomechanical changes of te control group was not evident by comparing with the test gropu.

CONCLUSIONSSkin stretch may injured the biomechanical property during the early time and turned to normal soon afterwards. The stiffness of the skin was increased and its elasticity was decreased after performing skin stretch.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; methods ; Rupture ; Skin ; Skin Physiological Phenomena

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of gastrin on invasiveness of human colon cancer cells and the role of gastrin receptor-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signal transduction pathway in this proess.

METHODSpCR3.1/GR vector expressing gastrin receptor was transfected into a colorectal cancer cell line Colo320 with lipofectamine 2000, and screened by G418. The expression levels of gastrin receptor of the parental cell line Colo320 and the transfected cell line Colo320/GR were assayed by RT-PCR. On the other hand, antisense oligonucleotide of FAK was used to block its expression. The mock transfected Colo320 and sense oligonucleotide Colo320 cells were used as controls. Colo320 and Colo320/GR cells were treated with increasing doses (0 approximately 100 nmol/L) of gastrin. Invasiveness of Colo320 and Colo320/GR cells was determined by Boyden chamber. Phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) tyr-397 was examined by immunoprecipitation and Western-blot.

RESULTSRT-PCR results showed that the Colo320/GR cells had an mRNA level four times as high as that of Colo320 cells. Western blot showed that FAK tyr397 phosphorylation of Colo320 cells was apparently decreased. Colo320 and Colo320/GR cells showed a dose-dependent response to gastrin on invasiveness and phosphorylation of FAK tyr-397. Invasiveness of Colo320 cells reached its climax when concentration of gastrin was 100 nmol/L, and FAK tyr-397 phosphorylation was marked when concentration of gastrin was 10 nmol/L, but the latter decreased when gastrin concentration was increased to 100 nmol/L. Colo320/GR cells had the same tendency as Colo320 cells, but showed an even stronger invasiveness and a higher level of FAK tyr-397 phosphorylation than Colo320 cells. Before gastrin stimulation, the invasiveness of Colo320 cells transfected with antisense oligonucleotides and the controls showed no difference. After gastrin stimulation, the increase in invasiveness was much less than that in the controls.

CONCLUSIONGastrin can evidently promote invasiveness of Colo320 cells via gastrin-gastrin receptor-FAK signal transduction pathway.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Gastrins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Signal Transduction

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous ultra-fine needle CO_2 splenoportography (CO_2-SP).Methods CO_2-SP and 3D-CE-MRA were performed in 36 patients.The imaging quality of the methods was compared by a scoring criterion setup based on the visualization of the trunk,intrahepatic branches of the portal vein and collateral vessels.Results Transient mild abdominal discomfort was presented in 19 patients(52.8% )receiving CO_2-SP.One patient developed snbcapsular splenic hematoma and was discharged with clinical stability several days later after conservative treatment. The imaging quality of the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein with CO_2-SP was much more superior to 3D-CE-MRA (the score was 232 and 198 respectively,t=4.52,P0.05 ).Conclusion Ultrafine needle CO_2-SP is a minimally invasive and safe procedure,able to provide dynamic and clearer imaging of the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein.