Adult ; Antidepressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bipolar Disorder ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perylene ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective:To systematically evaluate the incidence of liver injury in multi-drug resistant tu-berculosis ( MDR-TB ) patients with the treatment of second-line anti-TB drugs.Methods: Medline (January 1, 1966 to March 1, 2014), Embase (January 1, 1974 to March 1, 2014) and the Cochrane library (January 1, 1993 to March 1, 2014) with four Chinese databases including VIP ( January 1, 1989 to March 1, 2014), CBMDisc (January 1, 1978 to March 1, 2014), CNKI (January 1, 1994 to March 1, 2014)and Wanfang (January 1, 1998 to March 1, 2014), were systematically searched with the keywords including “Tuberculosis”,“multidrug-resistant”,“MDR-TB”,“side effect”,“adverse”,“safety” and “tolerability” for the follow-up studies of MDR-TB patients with liver injury during the treatment of second-line anti-TB drugs.The relevant information was extracted and the data were analyzed using the random-effects model .Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on the diagnostic criteria, study population , study design , history of anti-TB treatment and treatment length .Results: A total of 26 articles with 3 875 MDR-TB patients were included , of which 373 patients developed liver in-jury, and the weighed combined incidence of liver injury was 7.7%(95%CI:5.5%-10.8%).There was some heterogeneity among the studies .Subgroup analyses showed that the incidence of liver injury was higher in groups with treatment length≥18 months and non-Asian populations , but there was no sig-nificant difference between the groups (P>0.05).Among the 26 articles, only nine of them reported the diagnostic criteria of liver injury , while the criteria were not uniform .Conclusion:The incidence of liver injury during the treatment of second-line anti-TB drug in MDR-TB patients was high , and the diag-nostic criteria were not uniform .We should pay attention to the prevention and treatment of liver injury , and develop standard diagnostic criteria for it .

[Objective]To investigate the value of degree centrality(DC),a novel resting-state fMRI parameter,in voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks analysis in primary insomnia(PI)after acupuncture therapy.[Methods]The resting state fMRI were performed in 29 PI patients and 22 age,education,and sex-matched normal healthy subjects. Analysis of DC map changes between the two patient groups and the control group were performed by two sample t test.(threshold at P<0.05).[Results]Compared with the control group,patients with PI showed significantly reduced DC value in middle temporal gyrus(MTG. R);hippocampus(HIP. B);parahippocampal gyrus(PHG. R);putamen(PUT. R);cuneus(CUN. L).[Conclusions]Changes of DC value occurred in some region of brain in the PI patient groups when compared with the control group. It was indicated that DC ,as a novel resting-state fMRI parameter in the voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks ,might be an appealing alternative approach for further study on pathologic and neuropsychological states of PI.

Objective To evaluate the application value of X-ray,echocardiogram,pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy,EBCT,Magnetic resonance Pulmonary angiography in diagnosis of PTE.Methods Twenty-five consecutive patients clinically diagnosed of having PTE were examined from july 2003 through March 2004. Patients underwent X-ray chest plain film, echoeardiogram, electronic beam computed tomographie (EBCT)angiography,ventilation-perfusion (V-P)seintigraphy,Magnetic resonance Pulmonary angiography (MRPA)and puhnonary angiography according to a strict diagnostic protocol.Two of the independent readers reviewed the pulmonary angiography and record all of the lobe and segmental involved in PTE and compared with other image method.Results Pulmonary angiography:all of the patients success underwent the technique,the pulmonary artery branch with PTE was in 556 of 775 branches (71.7%). Chest radiography had hints of diagnosis in 12 of 25 patients.Nine patients diagnosed with echocardiogram. Right heart enlargement was in 21,and pulmonary hypertension in 18.V-P scintigraphy revealed 247 segmental involved with PTE of 500 (52.0% ),and the sensitivity was 64.66% compare with the pulmonary angiography.There were 523 pulmonary branches involved PTE with EBCT pulmonary angiograpy of 775 branches,and the sensitivity was 94.06%.MRPA: 8 of 10 patients succeed in the technique, 155 branches of 248 were detected with PTE(62.5% ),the sensitivity was 81.29%.Conclusions EBCT is a high sensitivity method in diagnosis of PTE.Chest radiography and echocardiogram are the first-line modality of PTE.V-P scintigrapby is the valid compensation in diagnosis subsegmental pulmonary artery with PTE when EBCT miss diagnosis.Gd-CE-MRPA may be the second-line modality in diagnosis of PTE.

AIMTo evaluate the joint action of phoxim and fenvalerate on the reproductive function in male Sprague-Dawley rats.

METHODSThe 2 x 2 factorial analysis experiment was used in the study. The pesticides were orally given at daily doses of phoxim (Pho) 8.2 mg/kg, fenvalerate (Fen) 3.3 mg/kg and Pho 8.2+Fen 3.3 mg/kg (Pho:Fen = 5:2), 5 days a week for 60 days. Sperm motility was measured with computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) and daily sperm production estimated. Immunoenzymatic method and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the serum testosterone and the testicular morphology, respectively.

RESULTSThere were significant decreases in sperm motility parameters in the treated animals, including straight line velocity (VSL), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN) and straightness (STR). After treated with Fen, significant decreases in VSL, LIN and STR were demonstrated. Significant decreases of daily sperm production were seen in animals treated with Pho and Pho+Fen in comparison with the controls. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly changed in the treated groups. Factorial ANOVA showed that no significant interactions were noted between Pho and Fen in sperm motility, sperm production and serum testosterone. Both the single and mixed pesticides caused various degrees of testicular lesions, involving vacuolation of endoplasmic reticulum and necrosis of Sertoli cells.

CONCLUSIONThe pesticides may cause sperm motility changes and testicular lesions in male rats. The action of Pho and Fen may be additive.

Animals ; Drug Interactions ; Insecticides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nitriles ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Pyrethrins ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Testosterone ; blood

Objective To investigate the characteristics of renal hemodynamic and the esoteric prostacyclin(PGI2),thromboxane A2(TXA2)level in children with early Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP),and study the function of TXB_2/6-Keto-prostaglandin F(6-Keto-PGF_(1?))(T/K)numerus in early changes of kidney injury.Methods Children involved in the experiment were dicided into 3 groups.Thirty-one patients with HSP,divided into 2 groups according to routine urianlysis:children with HSP without renal damage group(n=16)and Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN)group(n=15).Control group with 16 healthy children,their age and sex match with the other 2 groups.The urine of all children,including the children in control group,was sampled in 24 hours.The urinary production of the samples were kept in the freezer at-20 ℃.The radioimmunoassay was applied to determine the 6-Keto-PGF_(1?),TXB_2 quantitatively,and calculate the number of T/K.In the early morning the children accept the Doppler arteria renalis sonography with an empty stomach to determine the Vmax of the period of contraction of the arteria renalis the Vmin of diastolic phase and the resistent index(RI).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 1.The renal hemodynamic indicated a change of high velocity and resistance,the masculine rate(83.9%)was ob-viously higher than that in routine urinalysis(48.4%)(?2=5.79 P0.05).The RI in the former group(0.798?0.165)was much higher than that in the other one(0.637?0.116)(t=4.02 P

Objective To develop a new type of individual first aid kit for plateau conditions to treat acute high altitude reaction.Methods The theories of military preventive medicine as well as the practices of plateau medical protection and treatment were involved in the design and manufacturing of the kit with emphases on kit body architecture design and selection of equipped medicinal materials.Totally 2 100 servicemen had 1 000 ones divided into a control group and 1 100 ones into an observation group.The two groups both underwent conventional treatment,while the observation group applied the kit besides.The incidence rates and curative effects of acute high altitude reaction were compared in the two groups.Results The kit improved first aid of acute high altitude reaction in time consumed and speed.One week after entering the plateau the scores of headache,gastrointestinal symptom,fatigue and dizziness were (1.5±0.5),(1.7±0.4),(1.3±0.6) and (1.6±0.7) respectively in the observation group,and (2.3±0.6),(2.4±0.5),(2.2±0.5) and (2.4±0.6) respectively in the control group.One month after entering the plateau,the observation group had the recovery rate being 99.2％ and the mean therapy time being (8.1±3.3)d,and the control group had the recovery rate being 91.2％ and the mean therapy time being (15.2±6.4)d.The observation group behaved better than the control group in disease grading,therapy time,recovery rate significantly (P＜0.05).Conclusion The kit gains advantages in convenience,portability and curative effect when used to treat acute high altitude reaction,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

OBJECTIVETo explore the risk factors and prevention strategies of post-operative complications in elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

METHODSData of 107 elderly patients (≥75 years) undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer were collected from January 2006 to December 2009 in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital. POSSUM and E-POSSUM scoring systems were used to predict post-operative complications. ROC curve and observe/expect(O/E) were used to assess the validity of scoring systems. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent risk factors associated with post-operative complications of elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

RESULTSThe predictive complication rates of E-POSSUM and POSSUM in elderly patients with colorectal cancer were 13.9%-86.6%(average, 32.7%) and 19.1%-99.1% (average, 55.5%). The predictive validity of E-POSSUM was better than POSSUM(AUC of ROC: 0.862 vs. 0.576, O/E: 0.771 vs. 0.454), the former was closer to the actual complication rate(25.2%, 27/107). Concurrent diabetes mellitus(P=0.019) and rectal lesion(P=0.005) were independent risk factors associated with surgery-related post-operative complications. Anastomotic leakage was the most common surgery-related post-operative complications. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(P=0.026), ASA score(P=0.025), intestinal obstruction(P=0.037) and perforation(P=0.001) were independent risk factors associated with non-surgery-related post-operative complications. Pulmonary infection was the most common non-surgery-related post-operative complication.

CONCLUSIONSThe application of E-POSSUM scoring system can provide more accurate prediction of post-operative complications in elderly patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. Positive interventions should be taken for high-risk patients to prevent post-operative complications.

Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Tubulointerstitial hypoxia in the kidney is considered a hallmark of injury and a mediator of the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), a master transcription factor in cellular adaptation to hypoxia, regulates a wide variety of genes, some of which are closely associated with tissue fibrosis. The present study set out to characterize urinary HIF-1alpha expressions in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and to explore whether urinary HIF-1alpha expressions are associated with histologic chronicity changes and renal function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 42 patients with LN and in 30 healthy controls. Activity and chronicity indexes as well as tubular HIF-1alpha expressions were analyzed for each specimen. RESULTS: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were higher in LN patients than in healthy controls (3.977+/-1.696 vs. 2.153+/-0.554 ng/mL, p<0.001) and were associated with histologic chronicity indexes (r=0.463, p<0.01) and eGFR (r=-0.324, p<0.05). However, urinary HIF-1alpha levels showed no correlation with histologic activity indexes, anti-dsDNA, ANA, complement 3 and 4 levels, proteinuria, systemic lupus erythematosis disease activity index, and WHO pathological classification (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were elevated in LN patients and were associated with histologic chronicity changes and renal function, indicating that HIF-1alpha might contribute to histologic chronicity in LN.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/*urine ; Kidney/metabolism/pathology ; Lupus Nephritis/*urine ; Male ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo assess the association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene Val66Met polymorphism and clinical characteristics of first episode schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population.

METHODSGenotyping of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism was carried out for 135 schizophrenic patients and 483 healthy controls with TaqMan probe technology. The patients' psychotic symptoms were assessed using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS).

RESULTSA significant difference was found in genotype distribution and allelic frequency of the Val66Met polymorphism between the two groups (P< 0.01). In patients, Met homozygotes had a significantly higher score in anxiety/depression factor, cognitive factor and total score of PANSS than Val carriers.

CONCLUSIONBDNF gene Val66Met polymorphism is associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The Met/Met genotype of BDNF Val66Met variant may be a risk factor for symptoms in first episode schizophrenia patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Schizophrenia ; genetics ; Young Adult