Authors retrospectively analyzed 22 cases of inferior oblique overaction, which were treated by means of infetior tlblique recession from May 1983 to June 1985. We compared preoperative and postoperative hyperdeviation in the primary position and adduction, and calculated the amount of corrected hyperdeviations in the prirrtary position and adduction pet millimeter of inferior oblique recession. The results were as follows: 1. The overall success rate was 84.4 % in primary inferior oblique overaction. 2. The amounts of correction in the primary position per millimeter of inferior oblique recession were 0.69 prism diopter. 3. The amounts of correction in adduction per millimeter of inferior oblique recession were 1.94 prism diopter. 4. Decrement amounts in adduction compared to in the primary position were 1.59 prism diopter per millimeter of inferior oblique recession.
Retrospective Studies

Although most available IOL power calculation formulas perform accurately for eyes of average axial length, they have been shown to be inaccurate for eyes that have unusually short and long axial length. To compare the prediction accuracy of new Hoffer Q with SRK-II formula, we reviewed, retrospectively, a series of 225 ECCE with PCL implantation cases, including 106 Hoffer Q group and 119 SRK-II group, each of which was further divided into subgroups based on axial length. The Hoffer Q formula overestimated the refraction and resulted in more myopic shift and was less accurate than SRK-II in all length eyes, except short length eyes. In short length eyes, both formulas had similar mean error and mean absolute error but Hoffer Q formula was more accurate than the SRK-II in +/- 0.5D prediction proportion.
Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Retrospective Studies*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although both radial- and convex-arrayed endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) scopes are widely used for observational EUS examinations, there have been few comparative studies on their power of visualization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of these EUS scopes for observation of the pancreatobiliary junction. METHODS: The rate of successful visualization of the pancreatobiliary junction was retrospectively compared between a radial-arrayed and a convex-arrayed echoendoscope, from a prospectively maintained database. Study periods were defined as January 2010 to December 2012 for the radial group, and February 2015 to October 2016 for the convex group because the respective scope was mainly used during those periods. RESULTS: During the study period, 1,660 cases with radial EUS and 1,984 cases with convex EUS were recruited. The success rates of observation of the pancreatobiliary junction were 80.0% and 89.5%, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The capability of visualization of the pancreatobiliary junction in observational EUS was found to be better with a convex-arrayed than with a radial-arrayed echoendoscope.
Endosonography ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To investigate changes in the unoperated eye of patients who underwent unilateral surgery for asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation. METHODS: We performed superior rectus recession and inferior oblique anterior transposition in the case of asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation, and lateral rectus recession in the case of dissociated horizontal deviation. We excluded patients having a history of previous operation on the vertical rectus muscles, oblique muscle in the unoperated eye, nystagmus, neurologic problems, and imprecise measurement of deviation angle. Changes in the unoperated eyes of 11 patients who underwent unilateral surgery to correct asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation in the other eye, from May 2003 to April 2004 were analyzed retrospectively at 1 year postoperative. RESULTS: Not all cases of preoperative latent dissociated vertical deviation manifested such deviation in the unoperated eye postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral surgery is an effective treatment in patients with asymmetrical dissociated vertical deviation and does not affect the unoperated eye.
Humans ; Muscles ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the enhancing pattern of gastric carcinomas at dynamic incremental CT and to correlate it with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the enhancement pattern of stomach cancer on dynamic incremental CT of the 78 patients. All the lesions had been pathologically proved aftersurgery. The enhancement pattern was categorized as good or poor in the early phase ; homogeneous, heterogeneous or ring enhancement ; the presence or absence of delayed enhancement. There were 16 cases of early gastriccancer(EGC), and 62 cases of advanced gastric cancer(AGC). The Borrmann type of AGC were 1(n=1), 2(n=20), 3(n=32),4(n=8) and 5(n=1). The histologic patterns of AGC were tubular(n=49), signet ring cell(n=10), and mucinous(n=3). The enhancing patterns were compared with gross and histologic findings and delayed enhancement was corrrelated with pathologic evidence of desmoplasia. RESULTS: Good enhancement of tumor was seen in 24/41cases (58.5%) with AGC Borrmann type 3-5, in 6/21(28.6%) with AGC Borrmann type 1-2, and in 3/16(18.8%) with EGC (P<.05). By histologic pattern, good enhancement of tumor was seen in 8/10(80%) with signet ring cell type, in 21/49(42.9%)with tubular type, and in 1/3(33.3%) with mucinous type(P<.05). EGC was homogeneously enhanced in 14/16cases(87.5%), but AGC was heterogeneously enhanced in 33/62(53.2%), respectively(P<.01). There was no significant correlation between delayed enhancement and the presence of desmoplasia. CONCLUSION: AGC Borrmann type 3-5 andsignet ring cell type have a tendency to show good enhancement and EGC is more homogeneously enhanced at dynamicincremental CT.
Humans ; Mucins ; Retrospective Studies

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of transpedicular screw fixation on fractured vertebrae about the vertebral wedge angle (VWA) after posterior instrumentation of the thoracolumbar fracture, determine the effect of reduced VWA on the change in the Kyphotic angle (KA), and minimize loss of reduction of KA. SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW: Maintenance of the KA of a thoracolumbar fracture after surgery is important for the radiologic and functional outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty patients, who had undergone posterior instrumentation in a thoracolumbar fracture between February 2006 and February 2008 and followed-up for more than one year, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to transpedicular screw fixation (Group A) or not (Group B) including fractured vertebrae. The evaluation was performed by measuring the changes in the KA and VWA taken after the injury, immediate after surgery and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: There was correlation between groups A (transpedicular screw fixation on fractured vertebrae) and B (no transpedicular screw fixation on the fractured vertebrae) regarding the correction of the VWA and the loss of correction KA, (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Reduction of the VWA is an important factor for preventing reduction loss of the KA, and transpedicular screw fixation including fractured vertebrae would help reduce the VWA. Therefore, the operator must pay attention to the increase in VWA to maintain the KA through short segment transpedicular screw fixation including fractured vertebrae.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between the level of screw fixation and the stability of the segment of endplate fracture after posterior pedicle screw instrumentation for thoracic and lumbar burst fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 41 patients of burst fractures who had been operated with pedicle screw instrumentation were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups by the levels of screw fixation. One group was treated with screws fixed by one-level to the direction of fractured endplate (One-level group, 16 cases). The other group was treated with screws fixed by two-level to the direction of endplate fracture (Two-level group, 25 cases). The two groups were compared by the radiographic changes of kyphotic angle between the day of surgery and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: At the 6 months, one-level group showed the change of kyphotic angle of 17.5+/-2.4 degrees, which was different from two-level group of 5.2+/-0.8 degrees (p=0.000). CONCLUSION: In posterior pedicle screws fixation for thoracic and lumbar burst fractures, 2 vertebrae to the direction of the endplate fracture should be included to prevent the postoperative kyphotic change.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine