Cardiomyopathies ; classification ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Child ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Suggestion

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; genetics ; Mutation ; Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Associated Protein

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnostic imaging ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the prevention and treatment of rectal complications following 125I brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Methods A total of 90 patients with locally advanced prostate cancer was treated by transrectal ultrasound guided prostate 125I brachytherapy combined with maximal androgen blockage from November 2001 to June 2006. The patients were followed every 1～3 months postoperatively, and rectal complications was analyzed and treated. Results Eighty-nine patients were followed for 1～55 months (mean, 22 months). The incidences of rectal complications at grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were 11.2% (10/89), 6.7% (6/89), 0%, and 2.2% (2/89), respectively. Symptomatic therapy was conducted in 16 patients with grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ complications, which were symptomatically relieved 6 months later. The grade Ⅳ complications occurred in 2 patients, one of whom underwent repeated examinations and treatment for proctitis, and the other of whom was complicated with severe diabetes and received a laparocolostomy with cystostomy. Conclusions The optimal medical treatment for radiation proctitis is follow-up checkups and observations. To reduce the incidence of urethrorectal fistula, excessive examinations and treatment should be avoided. Accompanying diabetes should be treated promptly and actively.

Cardiomyopathies ; chemically induced ; classification ; Child ; Humans

Objective To observe the efficacy of single Nd-YAG laser treatment for the sub-inner limiting membrane(sub-ILM) haemorrhages in the macular region.Methods This is an uncontrolled case series retrospective study.Nd-YAG laser was performed for 6 patients (6 eyes) with premacular sub-ILM haemorrhages.The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and optical coherence tomography(OCT) in macular were observed at 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months after operation.The conditation of hematopoietic drainage and complications of macular retina were recorded.Results Sub-ILM haemorrhages were clinically confirmed in 6 patients (aged from 23 to 60 years old),including 4 cases of paroxysm associated with cough,1 case of hypertension,and 1 case of diabetic retinopathy.Funduscopic examination showed sub-inner limiting membrane hemorrhage in the macular region,BCVA count finger (CF) was 0.05 (averagely 0.03).The onset time was from 5 hours to 12 days.All the patients were treated with Nd-YAG laser treatment once,and all of them resulted in excellent partial visual recovery immediately.The average hemorrhage absorption time was 2 weeks.OCT examination showed macular retinal inner limiting membrane calm and foveal shape recovery at 3 month after laser treatment.However,the two patients with hypertension and diabetes recieved vitrectomy at 2 weeks and 1 month after laser surgery respectively because of serious vitreous hemorrhage.Conclusion Single Nd-YAG laser is a safe and effective method in the treatment of simplicity sub-ILM haemorrhages.

Objective:To explore the effects of low birth weight on temperament and behavior prob-lems of children aged 2~3 years. Methods:50 low birth weight (LBW) children and 380 normal birth weight (NBW) children were investigated and assessed by Achenbach's children behavior checklist and tod-dler temperament questionnaire. Results:①Temperament: Independent t-tests identified that NBW children were significantly more active than LBW children(t=2.192, p=0.029). No significantly difference of tempera-ment distributing was found between LBW children and NBW children (p=0.943). ②Behavior problems: In-dependent t-tests identified that NBW children had more sleep problems than 1LBW children(t=2.20,P=0.031). There was more behavior problems of social withdraw in LBW children than NBW children (? 2 =5.427,p=0.02). Conclusion:LBW Children were less active than NBW children and they had high incidences in behavior problems of social withdraw.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 125I particle implantation brachytherapy combined with intermittent hormonal therapy for treating clinical moderate and high risk non-metastatic prostate cancer.Methods A prospective study was proceeded and 100 cases with moderate and high risk (cT≥T2b,Gleason score ≥ 7,pre-biopsy PSA ≥ 10 ng/ml)non-metastatic prostate cancer were included.The selected patients were divided into two group.In the study group,patients were treated with 125I particle implantation combined with intermittent hormonal therapy.In the control group,patients were treated with only intermittent hormonal therapy.Hormonal therapy was maximal androgen blockage for two groups,including bicalutamide 50 mg oral every day and Leuprorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneous injection every 28 days.There were 50 cases in each group and clinical trial agreements were signed.During follow-up,PSA were tested every month.Chest X-ray and whole-body hone scanning were checked every 6 months.Hormonal therapy was stopped when patient's PSA level fell to 0.2 ng/ml,and keep stabilized for 3 months.When PSA level elevated for 3 times continuously and over 1 ng/ml,hormonal therapy was initiated again.The IPSS scores were documented before treatment and every 3 months after treatment.Adverse reactions of urinary tract and rectum were assessed every 3 months after 125I particle implantation in study group.The ratio of the first time to stop hormonal therapy,the time duration of first hormonal therapy and stable phase,re-hormonal therapy free survival rate,bone metastasis free survival rate,castration resistance prostate cancer(CRPC) free survival rate,cancer-specific free survival rate and overall survival rate were compared.Results The 100 cases in this study were followed up for 24-40 months,with an average time of 31.6 months.In study group,the PSA level in all cases descended to the level of stopping hormonal therapy.The time duration of hormone therapy ranged from 4 to 12 months,with an average time of 6.3 months.21 (42％) cases had a PSA elevation again to restart hormonal therapy.In control group,the PSA level in 47 cases descended to the level of stopping hormonal therapy.The time duration of hormone therapy ranged from 5 to 15 months,with an average time of 7.2 months.34 (68％) cases had a PSA elevation again to restart hormonal therapy.There was no significant difference in percentage of cases of stopping hormone therapy and in time duration of hormonal therapy for the first cycle.Instead,there were significant differences in stable phase after first cycle hormonal therapy between two groups (27.2 months vs.17.7 months;P ＜ 0.001).When analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve,there was no significant difference in cancer-specific survival rate and overall survival rate.There were significant differences in Re-hormonal therapy free survival (P =0.002),bone metastasis free survival (P =0.04) and CRPC free survival(P =0.005).Conclusions Compared with intermittent hormonal therapy alone,125I particle implantation brachytherapy combined with intermittent hormonal therapy could prolong the hormonal sensitive time in moderate and high risk nonmetastatic prostate cancer patients and control the progress of the prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate the differential MSCT diagnostic features and comparative study of subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods All of the renal cell carcinomas including 14 chromophobe RCCs (ChRCC), 10 papillary RCCs type 1(PRCC Ⅰ), 15 papillary RCCs type 2 (PRCC Ⅱ), 7 mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinomas (MTSCCs) were investigated except for clear cell RCC. Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT was conducted in each case after intravenous administration of contrast agent, and the data including all the CT manifestations and the enhancement features were analyzed and contrasted together. Results The indexes including enhancement homogeneity, border of the tumor, renal pelvis violation, blood vessel in tumor showed statistically significant difference between the 4 subtypes (P<0.05), but no difference in the calcification of the tumor. Only the enhancement degree of MTSCC was lower than the kidney medulla in all of the three enhancement scanning phases, while the other 3 tumors' enhancement degree was higher than the kidney medulla in the cortical phase. Peak contrast enhancement of ChRCC was located in the cortical phase, however, peak contrast enhancement of the others did in the nephrographic phase. Conclusions Enhancement characteristics combined CT features is of great help in differential diagnosis of 4 subtypes of RCC.

Moyamoya disease may cause subarachnoid hemorrhage because of its feature of spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis with vascular network abnormal hyperplasia on the base of the brain.This article reviews the disease characteristics of moyamoya disease-related subarachnoid hemorrhage,the correlations between bleeding mechanisms,disease progression and bleeding,as well as its therapeutic measures.