Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of bloodstream infection in Fujian Province, and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods Bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test were carried out on the isolated strains of blood culture samples in 31 medical institutions in Fujian Province according to the unified plan. The data were statistically analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) drug sensitivity executive standard in 2021. Results After removing the duplicate strains, 10 356 strains of bacteria were collected, including 3 668 strains of Gram-positive bacteria (35.4%) and 6 688 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (64.6%). The top 5 bacteria are Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, the detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 24.5%, and the detection rate of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (MRCNS) was 76.8%. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid resistant staphylococci were not found. The detection rate of penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae was 3.2%. Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were 0.8% and 1.1% respectively. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to carbapenems was 0.8%, and the resistance rate to levofloxacin was 41.9%; the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 15.0%. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems was 45.1%; the detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was only 14.2%, and it maintained a high sensitivity to most drugs. Conclusions Most bloodstream infections in Fujian Province are caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus. The drug resistance of some strains is not optimistic, so we should continue to strengthen the clinical application management of antibiotics and use them correctly and reasonably. Keywords: Bloodstream infection; bacteria; antibiotics; drug resistance monitoring

[Objective] To detect the expression of NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox) and the content of ROS in different malignant gliomas,and explore the influence of Nox and intracellular ROS levels in the survival,proliferation,and malignant phenotype of gliomas.[Methods]Thirty human glioma specimens (10 with grade Ⅰ and I1,10 with grade II and 10 with grade IV),performed resection in our hospital from August 2007 to August 2010,were collected in our study;another 10 normal brain tissues were collected as controls.Real time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of Nox(1-5);ROS level was detected by flow cytometry and Nox4 protein level was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.[Results] The Noxl-5 mRNA and protein levels and ROS content were significantly different between each 2 groups (P＜0.05);Nox4 mRNA expression and ROS level significantly increased following the increment of malignancy degrees (controls＜low-grade gliomas＜grade III gliomas＜ grade IV gliomas,P＜0.05);the Nox protein expression was low in controls while that in gliomas was high,and the higher malignancy of the tumors,the higher expression levels of the tumors.[Conclusion] Nox expression and ROS content have significantly positive relations with the malignancy of the tumors,which indicates that Nox expression and ROS content might paly important roles in the occurrence of glioma and malignant proliferation.

Magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) is considered as a flexible, fast, specific and simple cell sorting system that can separate target cells effectively according to specific markers on the cell surface, for which it has won a wide clinical application. MACS offers a new platform for male infertility research, as well as a novel idea for applying this technology in the optimization of semen quality and the isolation of germ cells. This article briefly introduces the basic principles of MACS, and summaries its present and potential clinical application in male infertility research, as in spermatozoa selection and cryopreservation, and the isolation of spermatogonial stem cells and germ cells.
Cell Separation ; methods ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; Magnetics ; Male ; Semen Analysis

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an amphiphilic phospholipid ubiquitously present in the inside of the membrane of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In mammalian cells, there are two synthetic pathways for PS that are different from those of bacterial biosynthesis. The translocation of sperm PS from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane is considered to be associated with sperm apoptosis and male infertility. The level of PS externalization in human sperm is used as an indicator for the evaluation of sperm quality. Fast separation of PS-externalized sperm at the molecular level by flow cytometry or magnetic activated cell sorting can effectively improve the quality of sperm and the success rate of assisted reproductive technology. This paper reviews the structure properties, distribution, biological activity and synthesis of PS, as well as its association with male reproduction.
Animals ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; metabolism ; Male ; Phosphatidylserines ; biosynthesis ; metabolism

Abstract: Objective To analyze the occupational hazards of enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen in 2017. Methods Occupational hazards were analyzed in 200 enterprises in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City selected using stratified Results random sampling method. A total of 24 industries were involved in the 200 enterprises. The declaration rate of ， occupational hazards was 91.5% and the exposure rate of occupational hazards among workers was 49.2%. The regular monitoring rate of occupational hazard factors in workplaces of the enterprises was 79.5%. There were 129 kinds of occupational ， ， hazard factors of which 19 factors exceeded the national occupational exposure limit accounting for 14.7%. The over standard ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， rates of noise silica dust cotton dust methanol toluene and other dust were 28.7% 13.6% 11.8% 5.86% 0.5% and ， ， 0.4% respectively. There were 13 kinds of occupational hazard factors in the workplace of metal products industry all of which （ ） exceeded the occupational exposure limit. The exposure rate 56.7% of occupational hazard factors in workers was the highest. Conclusion ， ， The main occupational hazard factors were noise dust and chemical factor and the major occupational hazard industry was metal manufacturing in Pingshan district of Shenzhen City.

Food-borne parasitic diseases have become a public health problem for social economy and health care. In this pa-per,the epidemic situation of major food-borne parasitic diseases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,such as toxoplasmo-sis and clonorchiasis,are reviewed,and the countermeasures of prevention and control are put forward.

OBJECTIVETo study the epidemiological characteristics of liver diseases in a rural population in Southern Guangxi, China.

METHODSThe enzyme immunoassays was used to detect of HBsAg and AFP. AFP positive serum samples were further examined for concentration of AFP by using a radio immunoassays. Liver morphological changes were measured with ultrasonography of type B.

RESULTSThe positive rates of HBsAg in the studied population was 17.8% (2800/15,701). The prevalence rates of viral hepatitis B, cirrhosis, primary liver cancer, clonorchiasis, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease were 1.1% (173/15,701), 0.4% (63/15,701), 299.3 per 100,000 (47/15,701), 6.6% (1036/15,701), 4.8% (754/15,701) and 0.3% (47/15,701), respectively. The positive rates of HBsAg and the prevalence rates of viral hepatitis B, cirrhosis, primary liver cancer, clonorchiasis, fatty liver disease in male were significantly higher as compared with those in female (5.98 < or = chi(2) < or = 394.78, P < 0.01). No difference was observed in the prevalence rates of liver cavernous hemangioma and hepatic cysts between male and female. The prevalence rates of intrahepatic bile duct stones was significantly higher in female than in male (chi(2) = 30.80, P < 0.01). The positive rates of HBsAg and the prevalence rates of viral hepatitis B and clonorchiasis were decreased with age. But the prevalence rates of cirrhosis, primary liver cancer, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, liver cavernous hemangioma, hepatic cysts and intrahepatic bile duct stones were increased with age.

CONCLUSIONThe rural areas in the southern Guangxi are high prevalence regions of liver illness, and the male resident are even at high risk.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fatty Liver ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; epidemiology ; Liver Diseases ; epidemiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population

OBJECTIVETo observe the distribution of the blood vessels in the integument tissue of the channel area of legs.

METHODSThe integument tissue of the lower limbs in the 12 cadavers were dissected with macro-and micro-dissection, radiographical technique of systemic artery and technique of image pattern analysis to observe and analyze the origins, branches and anastomoses in the integument tissues along the channels of legs.

RESULTSThe distributional density of the blood vessels in the integument tissues of legs along the channel area of the three-yin meridians of the foot, the Gallbladder Meridian, and the Urinary Bladder Meridian was higher than that in the other parts. They formed an obvious nutrient vascular chain on the arteriogram. The distributional density in the channel area of the Stomach Meridian was not obviously increased and the obvious nutrient vascular chain could not be seen.

CONCLUSIONAn obvious nutrient vascular chain is formed in the integument tissue along the channel area of legs except the Stomach Meridian.

Blood Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; Meridians

OBJECTIVETo analyze the gene mutation in two pedigrees of inherited coagulation factor VII (FVII) deficiency, and investigate the relationship between the genotype and phenotype.

METHODThe coagulation function and coagulation factors activity of probands were detected for phenotype diagnosis, all exons and junctions of FVII gene from the family members' genomic DNA were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and detected the gene mutation by direct sequencing. Mutations were confirmed by reverse sequencing.

RESULTThe prothrombin time (PT) of proband 1 was 265.2 s, FVII:C was 22% and the PT of proband 2 was > 120 s, FVII:C was 1%. Homozygous 17844G→A mutation in No. 8 exon of FVII gene was identified in the proband 1 resulting in Gly343Ser, and heterozygosity for the same mutations were confirmed in his parents and a sister. The proband 2 was compound heterozygous, one mutation was the same as the proband 1 but was a heterozygosity that can also found in his mother and brother; the other heterozygosity mutation was located on No. 8 exon 18055G→A that resulted in Gln413Arg which was inherited from his father.

CONCLUSIONNo. 8 exon of FVII gene encodes catalytic domain. Mutation found in those domain could change the FVII catalytic domain spatial structure, affected FVII function and stability, and the sufferer of homozygote and compound heterozygous may have clinical bleeding tendency. Almost no clinical findings in simple heterozygotes, however, a few of heterozygotes could have a tendency of bleeding because of genetic polymorphism which would reduce the FVII:C.

Blood Coagulation Disorders ; blood ; genetics ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Factor VII ; genetics ; Factor VII Deficiency ; blood ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prothrombin Time

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for evaluating the activity of von Willebrand factor cleaving protease (vWF-cp) and evaluate its clinical application.

METHODSPurified von Willebrand factor polymer was isolated by gel filtration from human fresh-frozen plasma as the enzyme substrate. SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, and luminographic detection were used to evaluate vWF-cp activity of 60 healthy adults, 28 patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and 7 with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).

RESULTSIn the subjects involved, the method for evaluating vWF-cp activity had intra- and inter-batch coefficient of variation(CV) of 4.81% (n=8) and 8.63% (n=6), respectively. According to this method, the plasma vWF-cp activity in the 60 healthy adults was significantly higher than that in the CI patients [(86.53-/+17.49)% vs (77.15-/+16.72)%, P<0.05]. In TTP patients before plasma replacement, the vWF-cp activity was (9.06-/+7.17)% and increased significantly to (47.00-/+6.27)% 24 h after plasma replacement, respectively, but still significantly lower than that of healthy adults (P<0.01), whereas in the convalescent stage, the activity approached the normal level [(83.18-/+8.83)%, P>0.05].

CONCLUSIONSAccording to the described method, which allows accurate vWF-cp activity measurement with good sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, vWF-cp activity is lower in CI patients and even more so in TTP patients than that of healthy adults. Plasma replacement can effectively increase the vWF-cp activity in TTP patients.

ADAM Proteins ; blood ; metabolism ; ADAMTS13 Protein ; Adult ; Animals ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; enzymology ; Enzyme Assays ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic ; blood ; enzymology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Substrate Specificity