Objective The effect of hepatic partial resection for hepatic trauma.Methods Thirty-Six patients with hepatic trauma were operated on the bases of litertures,we elucidated the indication and method of operation and prevention of operative complications .Resuts Three cases died,a death rate of 8 33%,and a cure rate of 91 8%.Conclusion Hepatic partial resection is an effective method for treatment of hepatic trauma.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that esophageal stent is made of biodegradable materials and polymers,and satisfactory outcomes regarding its application in animal experiments have been made,but disputation exists. OBJECTIVE: To review the type,clinical application and related complications of esophageal stent. METHODS: Using esophageal stent,clinical application,complications in English and Chinese,manuscripts were retrieved by reading titles and abstracts. The manuscripts that are focused on the type,clinical application,and complications of esophageal stent as well as its application in malignant esophageal stenosis and the manuscripts that were recently published or in high-impact journals were selected. Finally,28 manuscripts were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Esophageal stent placement has become an important mean for esophageal carcinoma in patients who had no surgical conditions to relieve esophageal stenosis. With the development in technique,from initial membrane-free metallic stent,partial membrane-covered metallic stent to whole membrane-covered metallic stent,related esophageal diseases have been effectively solved,but the subsequent complications,such as gastrorrhagia and perforation,gastroesophageal reflux,and re-stenosis,have been not completely solved. Therefore,the therapeutic effects of different stents and the advantages and disadvantages of complications should be fully considered to reduce the complications to a largest extent and finally to improve patient's quality of life.

Microbial selective side-chain degradation of phytosterol,which can obtain the steroid medicine intermediate compounds-androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (4-AD) and androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD),has an important meaning to pharmacy. There is no systematic literature concerned in existence. Its mechnism,approaches,influencing factors and so on over these years were fully reviewed in the paper. The trend of development in the area is expanded.

Objective To explore the effects of estrogen and angiotensin Ⅱ receptor 1 inhibitor（saralasin）on cell proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma cell line HEC-1A.Methods Immunocytochemical assay was applied to detect the expression of AT1-R,PI3K,p-Akt and ERK protein in HEC-1A cell.The effects of estrogen and saralasin on cell proliferation,cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of HEC-1A cell were detected by MTT assay and fluorescence activated cell sorting technique.The expression of ERK and p-Akt protein in HEC-1A cell treated with estrogen and saralasin were analyzed by Western blot.Results The expression of AT1-R,PI3K,pAkt,and ERK protein was found in HEC-1A cell.Estrogen stimulated the proliferation of HEC-1A cell,decreased G0~G1 phase proportion and increased S phase proportion significantly,minimized the number of apoptotic cells,and up-regulated the expression of ERK protein.Saralasin obviously inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of estrogen induced HEC-1A cell,increased G0~G1 phase proportion and decreased S phase proportion,and down-regulated the expression of ERK protein.Conclusion Estrogen could promote the proliferation of HEC-1A cell through AT1-R.AT1-R inhibitor saralasin could inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of estrogen induced HEC-1A cell.The down-regulation of ERK protein expression by interrupting the mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK）signaling pathway might be involved in the possible mechanism.Thus saralasin could be a valid approach to treat ER-negative endometrial carcinoma.

Objective To assess the efficacy of the mixtures of different concentrations of ropivacaine(R) and chloroprocaine(C)for epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing hysterectomy.Methods Sixty ASAⅠorⅡpatients aged 27-56 weighing 45-75 kg undergoing elective hysterectomy were randomly divided into 4 groups(n= 15 each);groupⅠ0.75% R alone;groupⅡ0.5% R-1% C;groupⅢ0.5% R-1.5% C and groupⅣ0.75% R+1% C.The epidural catheter was placed at L_(2,3)interspace and advanced 3.5 cm into the epidural space in cephalad direction.A total of 22 ml of epidural solution was injected in each group.The onset time,block height and duration of sensory block and the onset time,degree and duration of motor block(using Bromage scale)were assessed.The use of supplementary drugs(ketamine and ephedrine)and side effects were recorded.Results The onset time of sensory and motor block was significantly shorter in groupⅡ,ⅢandⅣthan in groupⅠ(0.75% R alone).The duration of sensory and motor block was significantly shorter in groupⅡandⅢthan in groupⅠandⅣ.The incidence of hypotension was significantly increased but the incidence of discomfort produced by traction on the viscera during operation was reduced in groupⅣas compared with groupⅠ.Conclusion The anesthetic efficacy of epidural 0.5% ropivacaine is significantly enhanced when mixed with 1.0% or 1.5% chloroprocaine.

Vascular dementia,an acquired,persistent syndrome of intelligent disorder,mainly caused by cerebrovascular disease is one of the main types of senile dementia.Its pathogenesis remains unclear.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor sustains multiple neuronic survival,development, differentiation,and repair following injury.It also induces and maintains the long-term potentiation of hippocampus and cortex,and changes the morphologic plasticity of hippocampal neuron by regulating hippocanoal synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity.It participates in the processes of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory,and it may play an important role in the onset and development of vascular dementia.

Humans ; Neck Dissection ; methods

Objective To detect whether there is neurotropism following end-to-side neurorrhaphy by means of the neuron retrograde tracing technique. Methods Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: tracing main branch of musculcutaneous nerve(MC) of end-to-side group, tracing MC main branch of normal group, tracing MC motor branch of end-to-side group and tracing MC motor branch of normal group.In two end-to-side groups, the MC was transeeted, then an 1 mm epineukral window was created on the ulnar nerve. Distal end of MC nerve was sutured to the windowed ulnar nerve by means of end-to-side neurorrhaphy.In two normal control groups, MC and ulnar nerves were just exposed. Five months post operation, by means of retrograde Fluoro-Gold neuron tracing technique,the number of C5～ T1 anterior horn motoneurons and dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons of all groups were counted. Results In two tracing MC main branch groups: the motor neuron counts in end-to-side group was 245.2 ± 93.8, the motor neuron counts in normal group was 846.7 ± 264.8, and counts of end-to-side group was 30.0% of the normal control group (P＜ 0.01). The sensory neuron counts in end-to-side was 434.7 ± 160.4, the sensory neuron counts in normal group was 1545.2 ± 287.4, and counts of end-to-side group was 28.1% of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01). The per-centage of motor neuron in end-to-side group was 0.36 ± 0.09, there was no difference between end-to-side group and normal control group(P＞ 0.05). In two tracing MC motor branch groups: the motor neuron counts in end-to-side group was 72.3 ± 35.3, the motor neuron counts in normal group was 189.7 ± 57.0, and counts of end-to-side group was 38.1% of the normal control group (P ＜ 0.01). The sensory neuron counts in end-to-side was 110.8 ± 52.5, the sensory neuron counts in normal group was 157.9 ± 50.0, and counts of end-to-side group was 70.2% of the normal control group (P ＞ 0.05). The percentage of motor neuron in end-to-side group was 0.40 ± 0.14, the difference between end-to-side group and normal control group was signifieant(P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion Neurotropism in collateral spouting after end-to-side neurorrhaphy is not significant.

Background and purpose:Epirubicin is one of the fi rst line chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of breast cancer, and liposome doxorubicin is a new antitumor drug that has been reported to have less cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression compared to free doxorubicin. Dentritic cells (DC) play important roles in tumor immunity. Our experiment investigated the impacts of epirubicin and liposome doxorubicin on different human breast cancer cell lines and dentritic cells, and evaluated their roles in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods:Human breast cancer cell lines, Bcap37 and MDA-MB-231, along with human dentritic cells isolated and induced into maturation, were cultured with epirubicin and liposome adriamycin at different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 10.0 ?g/ml), respectively. The inhibitory effects were detected by MTT method after 24, 48, 72 h. Results:Epirubicin and liposome adriamycin could inhibit the proliferation of Bcap37 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and human dentritic cells. Liposome adriamycin exhibited a lighter inhibition on dentritic cells than on human breast cancer cell lines (Bcap37 and MDA- MB-231) (F=22.208, P

Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; physiopathology ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Long-Term Potentiation ; physiology ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Synaptic Transmission ; physiology