This study was to investigate the permeability and absorbability of capsaicin cubosome across abdominal skin of the SD rats in vitro. Diffusion of capsaicin cubosome and cream was performed with the modified Franz diffusion cell technique. The capsaicin cubosome showed no enhancement of skin permeation within 24 hours. However, the deposition amounts of capsaicin in the rat skin in the cubosome group was markedly higher than those in the commercial cream group (P < 0.01). Cubosome showed excellent characetristic of skin-targed which could be a good carrier for the local transdermal drug delivery system.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Male ; Particle Size ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption

Objective To evaluate clinical value of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) used in detecting transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 (TGFBR-3) exons 11 and 12 polymorphism in women with idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF).Methods From Feb.2009 to Dec.2011,110 patients with idiopathic POF undergoing treatment at Shenzhen Maternal & Child Health Institute affiliated to Southern Medical University were enrolled as POF group in this study.In the mean time,110 women under 40 years old with normal hormonal level and menstrual cycles as control group.The exons 11 and 12 of TGFBR-3 gene polymorphism were screened by using DHPLC,and results of DNA sequencing was as golden standard.Some related indexes were calculated,such as sensitivity,specificity,false negative value,false positive value,Youden index,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value.At the same time,20％ of the tested specimens were chosen randomly and detected by DHPLC again.The value of Kappa index were calculated by comparing the results between the first and second DHPLC analysis.Results The exon 11 of TGFBR-3 were not identified gene polymorphism and two nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in exon 12.For 2022 T/C polymorphism,the frequencies of CC with 0.9％ (1/110),TC with 22.7％ (25/110),TT with 76.4％ (84/110),Cwith12.3％ (27/220) and T with 87.7％ (193/220) in POF group were significantly different from CC with 0,TC with 9.1％ (10/110)and TT with 90.9％ (100/110),C with 4.5％ (10/220) and T with 95.5％ (210/220) in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Allelic and genotypic frequencies of 2161-75 C/T were not differed significantly between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).As DNA sequencing as golden standard,DHPLC showed that the sensitivity was 100％,specificity was 97.9％,Youden index was 97.9％,positive predictive value was 96.3％,negative predictive value was 100％,and Kappa index was 0.888 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion DHPLC analysis is higher validity,reliability and practicability method in detecting TGFBR-3 polymorphism in idiopathic premature ovarian failure.

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of mesh and non-mesh techniques in laparoscopic repair of large hiatal hernias (LRLHH).Methods A retrospective clinical controlled study of mesh and non-mesh techniques in LRLHH form January 2006 to August 2014 was performed.Results A total of 83 and 36 patients were recruited to mesh and non-mesh group respectively.There were no significant differences in operation time,operation bleeding volume,hospitalization time or complications between the two groups.Main symptoms were significantly improved during the postoperative long-term follow-up in both groups.The improvement of dysphagia in mesh group showed no significant difference [22.9％ (19/83) VS 12.0％ (10/83),P=0.066],however,non-mesh group showed significant difference [30.6％ (11/36) VS 5.6％ (2/36),P=0.006].Rate of dysphagia alleviation in non-mesh group was significantly higher than that in mesh group [25.0％ (9/36) VS 10.8％ (9/83),P =0.048].Mesh-related complications of esophageal erosions occurred in 5 patients (6.0％) in mesh group,including esophageal stenosis in 3 patients,esophageal-cardiac stricture in 1 patient.Recurrent hernia occurred in 1 patient (1.2％) in mesh group and 3 patients (8.3％) in non-mesh group (P =0.082).Conclusion LRLHH with mesh should be individualized.The use of mesh in LRLHH reduces the recurrence rate,but may lead to some complications.

Objective To construct the recombinant plasmid pYES6-S and express and purify spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SANS)coronavirus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Methods DNA fragments of SANS coronavirus were obtained by reverse transeription.Four over- lapped fragments of spike protein genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and ligated into an integral spike protein gene by restriction enzyme digestion.The spike protein gene recombined with pYES6 and cloned into E.coll.The recombinant plasmid pYES6-S was induced and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae(INVScl)by galactose.Results The recombinant plasmid pYES6-S was confirmed that inserted fragment was right in length,direction and base matching by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing.The purified protein encoded by the whole spike protein gene was about Mr 110?10~3 identified by electrophoresis.Conclusion The whole spike protein gene of SARS coronavirus is cloned into E.coli and the protein is expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae successful ly.which can be helpful in SARS vaccine research.

BACKGROUND:There is no literature about the treatment according to the mechanism of cervical spine injury classification, especial y for the treatment of extension type cervical fracture/dislocation with merger cases of posterior composite structure damage, whether simple anterior approach can meet the needs of the treatment has no detailed elaboration. This article may analyze from the aspect of cervical spine injury mechanism. OBJECTIVE:To observe the short-term effect of anterior cervical Cage-assisted fusion combined with locking titanium plate internal fixation for the treatment of extension type cervical fracture. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed in 15 extension type cervical spine fracture dislocation patients treated with decompression anterior cervical intervertebral disc resection plus bone graft with cage-fusion locking titanium plate internal fixation from June 2006 to March 2011 in the Department of Orthopedics, Xianning Central Hospital, including 10 cases of single segment injury and treatment, and five cases of multiple segment injury and treatment. Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and the neck disability index were compared before and after treatment;the cervical flexion and height were measured according to the antersposterior X-ray film taken before fixation, 1 week after fixation and final fol ow-up.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The patients were fol owed-up for 8-37 months. One case had Cage mild sinking and shift, and there was no internal fixation breakage or loosening in al the patients. Transient pharyngeal discomfort was observed in 11 patients. Compared with the preoperation, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, neck dysfunction index, fusion segment cervical flexion and fusion segment intervertebral disc height were significantly improved at 1 week after fixation and final fol ow-up (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between 1 week after fixation and final fol ow-up (P>0.05). The short-term effect of decompression anterior cervical intervertebral disc resection plus bone graft with cage-fusion locking titanium plate internal fixation for the treatment of extension-type cervical fracture is good.

Objective To optimize the forming process of Wuzibushen Capsules. Methods Category and ratio of accessories were investigated by taking moisture absorption percentage as index. The inspected angle of repose, bulk density and critical relative humidity were also investigated. Results Starch was used as the excipien. Remedium cardinale and starch in the ratio of 1.15∶1.25 was more appropriate, 60% alcohol was added, dried at 60 ℃. Granules had a good fluidity, critical relative humidity was about 62%. Conclusion The forming technology was reasonable and provide reliable basis for production.

Objective To assess the influence of length of the alanine tract of forkhead box E1 (FOXE1) gene on genetic susceptibility to idiopathic premature ovarian failure (POF). Methods Totally 110 patients with idiopathic POF were recruited between February 2009 and December 2012 at the Affiliated Shenzhen City Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University. Controls (n=110) were individuals with normal menstrual cycles, normal FSH concentrations. The polyalanine tract and flanking sequence of FOXE1 were screened using the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) technique and direct sequence technique. Results The most frequent of FOXE1 polyalanine stretch length was 14 residues in both groups. The length of FOXE1 polyalanine reported in this study varied from 12 to 16 alanines, and three variants of FOXE1-polyalanine length, containing 12, 14, or 16 alanine residues, and 5 different genotypes were identified. The most common genotypes were 14/14 homozygote, occurring with the frequency of 81.8% (90/110) in the POF group, while 96.4% (106/110) in control subjects, respectively. The incidence of 14/14 genotypes of FOXE1-polyalanine was significantly lower in patients with POF (χ2=119.730, P=0.001) in comparison to the controls. There were significantly higher frequencies of the 16/16 genotypes in cases with POF [10.0% (11/110) versus 0; χ2=3.403, P=0.001], as compared with the controls. The FOXE1 14 alanine allele was significantly less common in the POF patient group than the controls [84.5% (186/220) versus 98.2% (216/220); χ2=25.923, P=0.001]. The FOXE1 16 alanine allele was significantly more common in the POF patient group than the controls [12.7% (28/220) versus 1.8% (4/220); χ2=19.412, P=0.001]. Conclusions The polymorphism of the polyalanine tract of FOXE1 gene have a certain relevance for the genetic aetiology of idiopathic POF.

Objective To investigate the regulation on extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK )1/2 and p38 signaling pathways and immune expression by moist exposed burn therapy/moist exposed burn ointment(MEBT/MEBO)in diabetic foot and their relationship ,to explore the repair mechanism of MEBT/MEBO on diabetic foot ulcers .Methods Totally 40 diabetic foot pa‐tients were treated by MEBT/MEBO ,to take wound tissue before and after treatment and detect the expression of ERK 1/2 ,p38 , MAPKK6 ,c‐myc ,Akt ,ATF2 ,IgA ,IgM ,IgG ,C3c and C4c by immunohistochemistry ,to investigate their relationship .Results Af‐ter treatment with MEBT/MEBO ,the area of foot wounds in 39 patients was reduced in different degree .Only one patient had no obvious change .14 patients(35 .00% ) were markedly effective ,25 patients(62 .50% ) and 1 patient(2 .50% ) were ineffective .Before andaftertreatment,allpositiveexpression,positiveimmunoreactivity(anyindex)andpositiveexpression(specificindex)ofsignal pathway molecules were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .While the positive rate of molecular expression in wound pathway in‐creased ,the positive expression rate of immune factor increased .Before treatment ,a small amount of immune factors were found in the wound tissue .After treatment ,the immune factors IgA ,IgM ,IgG ,C3c ,C4c were distributed widely and diffusely .Before treat‐ment ,the wound tissue showed a very small number of signal molecules .After treatment ,the signal pathway molecules MEBT/MEBO and p38 ,MAPKK6 ,c‐myc ,Akt ,ATF2 showed broad and diffuse distribution .Conclusion MEBT/MEBO may promote the expression of ERK1/2 and p38 signaling molecules and immune in diabetic foot ,p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathway may promote the healing of diabetic foot wound by increasing the expression of immune .

Objective: To assess the autonomic nervous impairm ent in chronic renal failure and its related factors. Methods: F orty adults were randomly selected including in-patients in the nephrology ward and healthy subjects for routine medical examination. The subjects were classifi ed into 4 groups: normal subjects(NS)，normal renal function，nitremia， uremic patients. The time domain measurements of heart rate variability(HRV) and ambula tory blood pressure were analyzed simultaneously . Results: (1) There were significant differences as compared with normal subjects in the time domain measurements of HRV in uremic group. It decreased significantly when the patient was defined as end stage chronic renal failure. There were no significan t differences between NS，normal renal function group and nitremic group. (2) Ti me domain measurements of HRV was significantly lower(P<0.05) in uremia with renal hypertension than in uremia with normal blood pressure. Conclusio n: (1) Patients with chronic renal failure(HRV) have their cardiac auton omic nervous system impaired conspicuously in the course of uremia. (2) There is a positive correlation between cardiac autonomic nervous system impairment in p atients with CRF and renal function levels. Uremia itself is an independent fact or for the impairment of cardiac autonomic nervous system. (3) Renal hypertensio n with uremia may intensify the impairment of cardiac autonomic nervous system of the patients.

This study is to establish an UPLC fingerprint of Resina Draconis from different manufacturers, which can provide a comprehensive evaluation for its quality control. The analysis was performed on a Phenomenex Kinetex 2.6 μ C18 100A column by agradientelution program with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.7 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 40 degrees C and the detection wavelengthwas 280 nm. The fingerprints of 18 batches of Draconis Resina were further evaluated by chemometrics methods including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). As a result, there were 15 common peaks, 13 of which had been identified by LC-Q-TOF MS, and the similarity degrees of 15 batches of the samples was more than 0.9, and the samples were divided into 4 clusters by their quality difference. The method is reproducible, simple and reliablethat it can be used for quality control and evaluation of Resina Draconis from different manufacturers.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Dracaena ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quality Control