Adult ; Altitude ; Arteries ; metabolism ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Humans ; beta-Endorphin ; blood

Objective To study the efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of acute bronchitis. Methods The 300 patients with acute bronchitis treated by our hospital from August 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, each with 150 patients. The control group was treated with penicillin and azithromycin was treated by the experimental group. Comparative analysis was made on the clinical indicators of the experimental group and the control group. Results After the corresponding treatment, the improvement time of cough sputum in the experimental group was (4.19 ± 0.54), and the improvement time was (4.32 ± 0.65). The improvement time of cough sputum in the control group was (6.29 ± 0.87), and the improvement of pharyngeal pain was (5.32 ± 0.76) days. However, the improvement time of cough expectorus and pharyngeal pain in the experimental group was significantly shorter than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Of the patients in the experimental group, 6 patients were not effective, 14 patients improved, 70 patients showed positive results and 60 patients recovered. In the control group, the total number of cases was 110, 15 were invalid, 25 were improved, 60 were developed and 50 were cured. However, the efficiency of the experimental group was 86.67 %, significantly higher than that in the control group (73.33 %), the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The clinical recovery time of the patients in the experimental group was (5.65±1.19), which was significantly shorter than that of the control group (6.89±1.46), the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion The clinical efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of acute bronchitis is better, which can significantly improve the treatment efficiency, relieve the patient’s related symptoms, and have the significance of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pregnant women and intrauterine infection in local region. Methods The markers of hepatitis B (HBVM) were determined by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay and HBV-DNA were determined by FQ-PCR. Results A total of 1262 pregnant women were examined the HBVM, 2.6%, 38.2%, 0.9%, 22.6%, 23.1% subjects were identified HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBeAb positive respectively. In 33 eases of serum HBsAg-positive pregnant women, HBV-DNA were observed in most of 11 cases of pregnant women with HBeAg-positive and intrauterine infection rates were 6/11. In contrast, 22 cases of pregnant women with HBeAg negative, HBV-DNA were detected lowly-loaded and intrauterine infection rates were 2/22 (P < 0.01). Intrauterine infection rates of HBV in pregnant women with HBsAg-positive were 24.2% (8/33).Conclusion HBV infective rates in pregnant women in the local region were low. Pregnant women with serum HBeAg positive and HBV-DNA high-loaded were prone to intrauterine infection.

Further evidence is needed to explore the impact of high-altitude environments on the neurologic function of neonates.Non-invasive techniques such as cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography can provide data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity.This study will conduct multiple cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring sessions at various time points within the first 3 days postpartum for healthy full-term neonates at different altitudes.The obtained data on cerebral oxygenation and brain electrical activity will be compared between different altitudes,and corresponding reference ranges will be established.The study involves 6 participating centers in the Chinese High Altitude Neonatal Medicine Alliance,with altitude gradients divided into 4 categories:800 m,1 900 m,2 400 m,and 3 500 m,with an anticipated sample size of 170 neonates per altitude gradient.This multicenter prospective cohort study aims to provide evidence supporting the impact of high-altitude environments on early brain function and metabolism in neonates.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(4):403-409]