Objective To provide reliable technical method by identifying referential anatomic landmarks for retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal surgery,with respect to the renal hilum and renal artery.Methods The regional anatomy of the posterior abdominal wall was studied in 35 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal surgery from January to August 2010.These included 27 cases of renal cancer,6 cases of renal pelvis cancer and 2 cases of renal tuberculosis.Distended the retroperitoneal space using balloon dilation along with sharp and dull dissection.We recorded the forms and positions of the posterior abdominal cavity's anatomical landmarks and evaluated the relationship between each anatomical landmark with respect to the renal hilum and renal artery.Results The perirenal fascia posterior layer and perinephric fat on the renal side were observed,and several anatomical landmarks gradually appeared on the posterior abdominal wall.The diaphragm extended across the upper retroperitoneal space near the superior pole of the kidney,and the psoas major and the quadratus lumborum muscles were located at the lower retroperitoneal space,near the inferior part of the kidney.The intersection of the upper diaphragm muscle with the lower psoas major and quadratus lumborum muscles were bordered by the lateral and medial arcuate ligaments.The lateral arcuate ligament arched across the upper part of quadratus lumborum,while the medial arcuate ligament arched across the upper part of psoas major.The medial arcuate ligament points extended towards the upper border of the renal hilum.These landmarks enable us to locate the position of the kidney,reach the renal hilum and identify the renal vessels in all 35 cases.Conclusions The relative position of the muscles and ligaments of the posterior abdominal wall are consistent and can be clearly seen under retroperitoneoscopy.Based on the position of the diaphragm and psoas major,the kidney can be located.In addition,based on the position of the medial arcuate ligament,the renal hilum and renal artery can be located.Assistance from these anatomical landmarks will simplify the retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal surgery.

Objective To analyze C4d deposition in the patients with late acute renal allograft rejection,and explore the role of C4d in grafts survival and grafts loss. Methods Thirty-six patients clinical and pathologically diagnosed as having acute rejection more than one year post-transplant were selected. C4d was detected by immunohistochemistry in renal allograft biopsies. The effect of C4d deposition on long-term graft survival was studied. Results Among 36 recipients with late acute renal allograft rejection, 16 cases were positive for C4d (44.4 %) and 20 negative for C4d (55.6 %). Five cases experienced graft loss in C4d positive group (31.3 %), while 6 cases in C4d negative group (30.0%). There was no significant difference in the graft loss rate between C4d-positive group and C4d-negative group. Log-Rank test demonstrated there was no significant difference in graft survival between C4d-positive group and C4d-negative group. The count of the interstitial infiltrated eosinophils in renal allograft was (9.4 + 4.5) and (2.6 + 1.8) respectively in the C4d-positive group and C4dnegative group (P＜0.05). Conclusion C4d deposition in peritubular capillary of the recipients with late acute renal allograft rejection might not be a prognostic marker for graft outcome.

This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of 3-(4-~(18)F-fluorobenzyl)-8,9-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochromeno [3,4-c]pyridin-5-one ( is F-FDTP) as a potential dopamine D4 receptor PET imaging agent.Methods ~(18)F-FDTP solution in ethanol-physiological saline was incubated with calf serum to test its in vitro stability through the determination of radiochemical purity.Normal rats were injected intravenously with ~(18)F-FDTP and then sacrificed at 2,5,10,15,30,60 and 120 min after anesthesia.Blood,organs and brain tissue samples were collected.All samples were weighed and measured for radioactivity.The uptake of samples was expressed as percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue ( % ID/g).Results The stability of ~(18)F-FDTP was satisfactory and its radiochemical purity was above 95% after incubation 120 min at 37℃ in calf serum.The biodistribution showed that ~(18)F-FDTP could penetrate through the blood-brain barrier and selectively accumulate in striatum,hypothalamus,frontal certex,hippocampus,cerebellum,where the D_4 receptor was reportedly located.The radioactivities in hippocampus,hypothalamus,striatum,frontal cortex,cerebellum,pons were (0.42±0.03),(0.46±0.05),(0.54±0.04),(0.39±0.04),(0.45±0.06),(0.35±0.04) %ID/g,respectively,2 min post injection.And there was difference between the normal biodistribution results and the blocking experimental results:(0.36 ±0.05),( 0.33±0.05 ),(0.55±0.05 ),(0.30±0.07 ),(0.34±0.07 ) and (0.32±0.04) % ID/g in hippocampus,hypothalamus,striatum,frontal cortex,cerebellum and pons,respectively.Conclusions ~(18)F-FDTP can penetrate through the blood-brain barrier and selectively accumulate in striatum,hypothalamus,frontal cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum,where the D_4 receptor was known to concentrate.These preliminary results suggest that ~(18)F-FDTP is a potential dopamine D_4 receptor imaging agent and further studies are needed.

6.24 mmol/L) and sixty healthy persons in the health center of our hospital were investigated as hyperhpidemia group (Hyperlipidemias) and control group (Controls) respectively.Hyperlipidemias were given simvastatin 20 mg?d~(-1) for twelve weeks (Statins).Blood samples of ulnar vein were extracted from Statins at the end of twelve weeks as well as Controls and Hyperhpidemias at the beginning of the experiment. Blood serum,plasma and mononuclearcell were extracted and stored at a refrigerator of-80℃.The level of plasma angiotensinⅡwas detected by the method of radioimmunity.While the expression of RANTES mRNA and protein on mononuclearcell were assessed by real time reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction and Western blot respectively.Results①The plasma angiotensinⅡof Hyperlipidemias was higher than that of Controls [(92.13?22.03) vs (50.85?12.12),P

A bacterial strain DN25, effective on cyanide-degradation, was isolated from contaminated soil and identified as Alcaligenes sp. on the basis of phenotype analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It showed great tolerance to the cyanide, which can grow in the medium containing 500mg CN -/L. The suitable condition for the cell growth and boitransformation was pH8.0 and 30oC and the transformation rate for 500mg CN - /L could achieve 99% in 10 h. It has also been found that the screened strain had the ability of K 4Fe(CN) 6 transformation with 96% of transformation rate at 12 h for the concentration of 500 mg CN /L.

Objective To study the clinical value of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) as a biomarker in evaluating its prognosis,monitoring and follow-up of the postoperative patients with non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Serum CYFRA21-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay for 207 patients with NSCLC before and after surgical operation at Tongji Hospital,Shanghai.Relationship between serum CYFRA21-1 and the prognosis,recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer was analyzed retrospectively.Results The patients were followed-up for 37 months in average.Preoperative serum CYFRA21-1 was positive in 42.0% (87/207) of all the cases,48.8% (60/123) of squamous cell earcinama and 34.6% (27/78) of adenocarcinoma,with statistical significance (X~2=3.901,P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of survivin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) on proliferation and apoptosis of human malignant melanoma cells.

METHODShMMC A375 colonies in log growth phase were collected and divided into control group (C, without transfection), sense chain group [SC, transfected with 600 nmol/L survivin sense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)], mismatch chain group (MC, transfected with 600 nmol/L survivin mismatch sense ODN), liposome group (L, treated with liposome), antisense chain group (AC, transfected with survivin ASODN, and subdivided into AC 200, 400, 600 nmol/L subgroups) according to the random number table. Transfection result was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. Inhibition rate of cell proliferation was calculated after determination of cell viability with MTT method. Cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected with bi-variable flow cytometry. Expression of survivin protein was determined with Western blot. Activity of caspase-3 was assessed with kinase method. Data were processed with analysis of variance.

RESULTS(1) Cell transfection rates in SC, MC, AC 600 nmol/L groups were all above 80%. (2) Compared with those in SC group [(5.23 +/- 0.25)%], MC group [(5.09 +/- 0.13)%] and L group [(4.70 +/- 0.45)%], inhibition rates of cell proliferation in AC 200, 400, 600 nmol/L groups 24 hours after transfection [(10.30 +/- 0.56)%, (16.69 +/- 0.58)%, (24.67 +/- 0.67)%] were significantly increased (F = 746.91, and P values all below 0.05). As time after transfection went on, proliferation inhibition rate was increased obviously. (3) Apoptosis rate in AC 200, 400, 600 nmol/L groups 24 hours after transfection was respectively (13.5 +/- 1.9)%, (20.1 +/- 1.5)%, (32.1 +/- 2.9)%, which were significantly higher than those in C, SC, MC, and L groups [(6.5 +/- 0.6)%, (5.6 +/- 0.7)%, (6.4 +/- 1.0)%, (6.5 +/- 1.3)%, F = 139.9, P values all below 0.05]. Cells in AC group were blocked in G2/M stage. (4) Compared with those in C group, expression amount of survivin protein decreased, and caspase-3 activity obviously increased (F = 63.1, P values all below 0.05) in AC group. No significant difference in caspase-3 activity between SC, MC, L groups and C group was observed (F = 0.512, P values all above 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSurvivin ASODN can inhibit the proliferation of hMMC A375 in a concentration-time dependent manner, and it induces G2/M stage block and promotes its apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of the no-flip procedure with the Chinese Shang Ring when circumcising adult males with redundant prepuce or phimosis, and to discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

METHODSUsing the no-flip Shang Ring technique, we performed circumcision for 167 adult males aged 18 -72 (mean 27.8) years with redundant prepuce or phimosis, and analyzed the clinical data, including the operation time, postoperative complications, ring-removal time, and postoperative appearance of the penis.

RESULTSComplete follow-up data of 94 cases (56.29%) were obtained. The mean operation time was (5.03 +/- 0.71) minutes and the average ring-removal time was (18.83 +/- 6.70) days. The primary postoperative complications were edema (35 cases [37.23%] at 2 weeks and 9 cases [9.57%] at 4 weeks), including 2 severe cases (2.13%), and infection (3 cases [3.19%]). The pain scores were 2.01 +/- 2.46 during the procedure and 4.52 +/- 2.53 at 24 hours postoperatively. Slipping of the outer ring occurred in 1 case, and delayed removal of the ring in 30 cases (31.91%).

CONCLUSIONAdult male circumcision with the no-flip Shang Ring technique is recommended for its short operation time, simple procedure, fewer postoperative complications, less pain, and better incision appearance.

Adult ; Aged ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Edema ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Pain, Postoperative ; etiology ; Penile Diseases ; etiology ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the methods of CT-guided percutaneous removal of osteoid osteoma.

METHODSFrom February 2003 to December 2003, there were 11 patients, at a mean age of 19.3 years old (from 14 to 32 years old). Seven cases were male, and 4 cases were female. Diagnosis was supported by the complete clinical and imaging file. Eleven cases with osteoid osteomas were treated with CT-guided percutaneous excision. The location involved were femoral neck (6 cases), acetabulum (4 cases), humeral neck (1 case). At first, CT scanning was done in the whole nidus with thin slices (2 mm thick), and the CT scan slice passing through the center of the nidus was selected. Then the whole nidus was removed by trephine along the guidewire which was inserted into the bone up to the nidus and was protected by the trocar. Finally complete lesion resection was checked with CT.

RESULTSNine cases had a final pathological diagnosis of osteoid osteomas. Complete pain relief was obtained in these patients after the day of operation. There were no complications, no recurrence and patients remained symptom free at follow-up of 8-18 months (mean, 15.2 months).

CONCLUSIONThe methods of CT guided percutaneous removal of osteoid osteoma is a minimally invasive technique that represents the efficacy and safety.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoma, Osteoid ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Radiography, Interventional ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed