Objective To observe the changes in excitability of alpha-motoneuron responding to the muscle spindles afferent excitability in the model rats and explore whether the changes in this excitability to be changed as high frequency sinusoidal vibration acted on the soleus muscle.Methods The simulated weightlessness model was created by the tail-suspension.Mechanical vibrations at a frequency of 100 Hz with amplitude of 0.3 mm were acted on soleus muscle.The electromyogram of soleus muscle evoked by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve was recorded in control rats and HS rats.Results It was showed that HS and HFV did not influence the tendency of changes in amplitude of H reflex when the stimulation intensity increased.However,after 14-day HS,mean maximal motor response(Mmax)and mean maximal monosynaptic reflex/Mmax(Hmax/Mmax)both significantly decreased,respectively(P0.05).Conclusion It is suggested that HS should lead to the decrease in motoneurons excitability which is resulted from the reduction of muscle spindle afferent.HFV acted on soleus muscle of rats can improve the excitability of alpha-motoneurons in spinal cord during hindlimb suspension.

Objective To screen and isolate the radioresistance related genes of IRM-2 mice.Methods cDNA library of IRM-2 mice was constructed by SMART technique.Total RNA was isolated from spleens of IRM-2 male mice.The first-strand cDNA was synthesized by using PowerScript reverse transeriptase,and double-strand cDNA was synthesized and amplified by long PCR.The PCR products were purified,digested with restriction enzyme Sfi I.The ds-cDNA fragment lessthan 500 bp was fractionated and ligated to the Sfi I-digested pDNR-LIB vector.The ligation mixture was transformed into E.coil DH5α by electroporution transformation to generate the unamplified cDNA library.The quality of cDNA library was identified by PCR technique.130 clones from cDNA library were sequenced and compared with GenBank database.Results The cDNA library contained 2.25 x 106 independent clones with an average insert size of 1.2 kb.The ratio of recombination and full-length was 95% and 55%,respectively.21 pieces of EST sequences from cDNA library were not the same as the known mice genes and registered into GenBank EST database,with registered number DW474856-DW474876.Conclusions cDNA library of IRM-2 mice has been constructed successfully.21 pieces of EST implies that radioresistance correlative genes may be in IRM-2 mice,which will lay a foundation for isolating and identifying radioresistance related genes in further study.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacists on the community hypertension and coronary heart disease management.Methods: The clinical pharmacy service management program for community chronic disease patients was designed, and the medication files of the patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease were established, and then the medication safety cognition and chronic disease medication of the patients were investigated.Pharmaceutical interventions were given twice for the irrational drug use and living habits and the views of pharmacy were put forward.The improvement of medication compliance, pharmaceutical opinion acceptance and blood pressure etc was evaluated, and then the drug cost and the cost of health care products were analyzed and evaluated.Results: The medication and hypertension compliance increased, the patients were satisfied with the clinical pharmacy service, and the acceptance rate of pharmaceutical intervention opinions was improved significantly.The total cost of medication was without significant change, and the cost of health care products decreased significantly.Conclusion: It is an effective way to expand the impact of clinical pharmacy performed by clinical pharmacists on chronic disease medication management in communities, which can improve the rationality and safety of drug use in the patients with chronic diseases and has positive effects in promoting the management of community chronic diseases.

Obej ctive Abnormal proliferation of T cells plays an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases. The article aimed to study the inhibitory effect of small molecule compound BD691 on T cell proliferation and its mechanism. Methods Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the immunomagnetic microbeads,then T cells were ac-tivated with anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs or alloantigen.The inhibitory effect of BD691 on activated T cell proliferation, the cytotoxic effect BD891 on resting T cells and the expression of activated T cells marker CD25 were measured by flow cytometry.Furthermore, ELISA was used to detect the secretion of cytokines associated with T cell differentiation. Results BD691 significantly inhibited the prolif-eration of T cells being stimulated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAb or alloantigen in a dose-dependent manner, and IC50 values are (8.5 ± 1.5)μmol/L and (7.2 ±1.3)μmol/L, respectively.However, BD691 had no obvious cytotoxic effects on resting T cells and periph-eral blood mononuclear cells, even at a high concentration ( up to 100μmol/L) .In T cells which were not activated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAb, the percentage of CD25+T cells is only 1.6%of the total cells, while the number increased to 68% after activating treatment.Mean-while, in T cells which were activated by 0, 3.3, 10, 30μmol/L BD691, no obvious change of CD25 expression were observed, while immunosuppressant FK506 (0.1μmol/L) significantly decreased the expression of CD25 +T cells (14.9%).In unactivated T cells, 95.6%cells were at G0/G1 phase, while after activation, the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase reduced to 57.7%.In addition, BD691 inhibited the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-17 in activated T cells, but had no effects on the secretion of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. Co nclusion BD691 exerts no effects on T cell activation, but it inhibits T cell proliferation by inducing T cell cycling arrest at G0/G1 phase.Moreover, BD691 inhibits the secretion of key cytokines (such as IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17) closely related to the differ-entiation of Th1 and Th17 cells.The results suggest that BD 691 is a potential lead compound to develop a new immunosuppressant for the inhibition of abnormal proliferation and differentiation of T cells.

Objective To study the combined effect of interleukin-21 gene transfer and ionizing radiation on the growth of cervical carcinoma HeLa cells.Methods Previously constructed Ad-IL-21 gene was amplified by infecting 293A cells and the titer was measured by TCID50 method. HeLa cells were transfected with Ad-1L-21 and then irradiated with 6 Gy 137Cs γ-rays.The cells were divided into 5 groups,including blank control,Ad-LaeZ group,Ad-IL-21 group,radiation group and Ad-IL-21 combined with radiation group (combination group).The cell growth,cell cycle,apoptosis,and the expressions of IL-21 gene and protein in HeLa cells were detected.Results Ad-IL-21 was successfully amplified and the titer of Ad-11.-21 was 9 × 1010 pfu/ml.Compared with Ad-IL-21 group and radiation group,the cell growth of combination group was significantly inhibited at 96 h after transfection ( F =85.26,72.98,P ＜ 0.05 ).The cells in combination group were arrested in G1 phase and decreased at S phase( F =36.69,34.83,P ＜ 0.05),while the cellular apoptosis increased markedly ( F =28.23,25.57,P ＜ O.05 ). The gene expression of 1L-21 in the combination group was 1.54- and 2.43-fold of Ad-IL-21 group and blank control group,respectively (F=22.31,36.65, P ＜ 0.05 ), while the protein expression of IL-21 in the combination group was 1.62-fold and 2.31-fold of Ad-IL-21 group and blank control group,respectively ( F =27.36,35.86,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Ad-IL-21 gene transfection combined with radiation has synergic effect on the inhibition of cervical carcinoma cell growth.

Objective To explore the protective effects of proanthocyanidins pretreatment on intestinal function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (group A, n=8), ischemia-reperfusion group (group B, n=8) and proanthocyanidins pretreatment group (group C, n=8). The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats was established according to Longa's method. Group C was intraperitoneally injected with proanthocyanidins 10 mg/(kg ⋅ d), group A and group B were injected with normal saline for 5 consecutive days. 1 and 3 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, ileum myoelectric slow wave and smooth muscle contractility, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured, the content of the serum TNF-α was tested with ELISA kit, ileum tissues were tested with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and used for measuring the moisture content. Results Compared with group B 1 and 3 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the intestinal mucosa injury relieved, the intestinal mucosa score decreased (P<0.05) and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cell decreased in group C; the frequency of slow wave and contraction trended to increase (P>0.05), and the amplitude increased (P<0.05) in group C; the serum SOD activity increased (P<0.05), and the content of MDA and TNF-α decreased (P<0.01) in group C; the intestinal moisture content reduced (P<0.01) in group C. Conclusion Proanthocyanidins pretreatment can protect intestinal function from injury after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective To compare the clinical effect between laparotomy and laparoscopic pyloromyotomy in the treatment of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (CHPS).Methods Sixty-three children with CHPS were selected from March 2010 to July 2016 in the Second People's Hospital of Luohe City.The children were divided into laparoscopic operation group (n =31) and laparotomy group (n =32) according to the treatment methods.The children in the laparoscopic operation group were treated with laparoscopic pyloromyotomy,and the children in the laparotomy group were treated with laparotomy.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative recovery feeding time,hospitalization time,complications,intragastric pressure and lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups (t =0.277,P ＞ 0.05).The postoperative hospitalization time and recovery feeding time in the laparoscopic operation group were significantly shorter than those in the laparotomy group (t =14.302,17.935;P ＜0.05),and the intraoperative blood loss in the laparoscopic operation group was significantly less than that in the laparotomy group (t =13.064,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the intragastric pressure and LESP between the two groups before operation (t =0.316,0.529;P ＞ 0.05).The intragastric pressure after operation was significantly lower than that before operation in the two groups (t =10.613,9.851;P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in LESP before and after operation in the two groups (t =2.643,2.772;P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the intragastric pressure and LESP between the two groups after operation (t =0.237,0.329;P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in the laparotomy group and laparoscopic operation group was 15.63％ (5/32) and 3.23％ (1/31) respectively,the incidence of complications in laparoscopic operation group was significantly lower than that in laparotomy group (x2 =3.991,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion laparoscopic pyloromyotomy can effectively relieve pyloric stenosis in the treatment of CHPS,and it has the characteristics of small trauma,quick recovery and less complications.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-195 regulating FOXK1 gene and PI3K/Akt pathway on stomach adenocarcinoma proliferation, invasion and migration ability.Methods:Public database samples were employed to analyze the expression differences and prognostic significance of miR-195 in stomach adenocarcinoma. After overexpression of mir-195-5p in two cell lines, MGC803 and AGS, altered cell proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities were detected by Alamar Blue, Wound healing, and Transwell assays. The potential target genes and binding sites of miR-195 were predicted by the starBase. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of foxk1 and phosphorylation sites in the PI3K/Akt pathway of target genes after overexpression of mir-195-5p. A Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the relationship between mir-195-5p and foxk1. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS 22 software and R 4.0.3.Results:Our results showed a significant over-expression of miR-195 in the tumor tissues, compared with the paired normal tissues ( P<0.001) , which could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of stomach carcinoma cells and significantly correlated with survival ( P=0.011) . Moreover, our study indicated that miR-195 depressed the expression of FOXK1 and significantly reduced the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which had a negative effect on the proliferation and invasion of stomach carcinoma cells. The phosphorylated Akt (s473 site) expression in the PI3K/Akt pathway was significantly decreased after overexpression of miR-195. Conclusion:Overall, our studies clarify the important function of the miR-195 in the diagnosis and therapy of patients with stomach carcinoma and reveal the FOXK1 and PI3K/Akt pathway regulation by the miR-195, which are of important clinical significance in the differential diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of the interventional techniques in the treatment of renal vascular injury.

METHODSA total of 16 patients with renal vascular injuries were treated by superselective arterial embolization. The renal injuries resulted from renal biopsy in 7 patients, endovascular intervention in 2, percutaneous puncture and pyelostomy in 2, local resection of renal tumor in 1 and trauma in 4. With regards to clinical manifestations, there was hemorrhagic shock in 8 patients, severe flank pain in 14, and hematuria in 14. CT and ultrasonography confirmed that 15 patients had perirenal hematoma. The embolization was performed with microcoils in 13 and standard stainless steel coils in 3 patients, associated with polyvinyl alcohol particles (PVA) in 9, and gelfoam particles in 6 cases.

RESULTSRenal angiogram revealed arteriovenous fistula in renal parenchyma in 9 cases, pseudoaneurysm in 3 and extravasation of contrast media in 4. The arterial embolization was successful in all 16 cases in a single session. The angiography at the end of therapy showed that abnormal vessels had disappeared without other major intrarenal arterial branch occlusion. In 13 patients with hemodynamical compromise, blood loss-related symptoms were immediately relieved after blood transfusion. In 14 patients with severe flank pain, the pain was progressively relieved. Hematuria ceased in 14 patients 2-14 days after the embolization procedures. The renal function was impaired after the procedure in 6 cases, in which preoperative renal insufficiency was exacerbated in 3 and developed new renal dysfunction in 3, 2 of whom received hemodialysis. The ultrasonography showed that perirenal hematoma was gradually absorbed within 2-6 months after the procedure. All patients were followed up in 6-78 months (mean, 48 months). Six patients died of primary diseases (5 cases of renal failure and multiple organ failure and 1 case of malignant tumor). Ten patients survived without bleeding and further intervention. The deterioration of renal function did not occur and the serum creatinine and blood urea were in normal range.

CONCLUSIONTranscatheter selective renal arterial embolization is a safe and effective method in the treatment of renal vascular injuries.

Adult ; Aged ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Emergency Medical Services ; Female ; Humans ; Iatrogenic Disease ; epidemiology ; Low Back Pain ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Renal Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Renal Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries

OBJECTIVEInvestigating the antioxidant activities of water and ethanol extracts of natural Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris and their fermentation preparations.

METHODThe samples were tested through 6 assays: inhibition ability of linoleic acid oxidation; scavenging activity of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion; and metal chelating activity.

RESULTSamples showed different antioxidant ability, and there was not an extract that exhibited high activity in all assays; however, water extract of natural C. militaris could be regarded as the most powerful antioxidant among 8 samples. It had high activity in inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation, chelating metal ions, and scavenging DPPH and hydroxyl radical. The research also indicated that the contents of phenolic compounds in water and ethanol extracts of natural and cultured Cordyceps sp. had huge difference.

CONCLUSIONNatural Cordyceps sp. and its fermentation preparations could be used as potential natural antioxidants. The fermented process affected the antioxidant ability of cultured Cordyceps sp., and the antioxidant activity of both natural and cultured Cordyceps sp. did not significantly related with the quantity of phenolics.

Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Chelating Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cordyceps ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Ethanol ; Fermentation ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Free Radical Scavengers ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Linoleic Acid ; metabolism ; Materia Medica ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; drug effects ; Phenols ; analysis ; metabolism ; Polyphenols