Animals ; Female ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Learning ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Male ; Memory ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; psychology ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

Endophytic fungi which reside in the tissue of mangrove plants seem to play an important role in the discovery of new biologically active substances. During the course of screening for the antimicrobial metabolites from the endophytic fugus Penicillium sp. FJ-1 of mangrove plant Avicennia marina, a new aurone glycoside (1) was isolated by repeated column chromatography on silica gel and recrystallization methods. The structure of 1 was elucidated as (Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside, on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 exhibited antifungal activity against Candida sp., with the potency comparable to amphotericin B and much better than fluconazole. Compound 1 can also inhibit extracellular phospholipase secretion in a concentration-dependent manner.
Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Benzofurans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Candida ; drug effects ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Penicillium ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Seawater ; microbiology

Objective To learn quality of life of acute upper respiratory tract infection patients and their influence factors.Methods We conducted questionnaire investigation on acute upper respiratory tract infection patients from five hospitals,respectively located in Wuhan,Hefei and Jinhua.The scale we used is EQ-5D.We calculated EQ-5D score through three different integration systems,which are from China,Korea and the UK,in order to compare difference among different countries' integration systems.Then econometric model was used to carry out regression analysis on factors affected EQ-5D score.Results 659 samples was included,with 319 from Wuhan,235 from Hefei and 105 from Jinhua.Among EQ-5D five dimensions,the first three dimensions do not have problems.However,81.94％ of the patients have problems in pain/discomfort and 47.8％ of them have problems in anxiety/depression.In regression analysis,location,severity level of disease and whether accompanied by chronic diseases or not have influence on EQ-5D score.Compared with utilities of patients who are suffered from other diseases,utilities of acute upper respiratory tract infection patients are lower than that of cerebral apoplexy,hypertension,coronary heart diseaseand diabetes patients;but are higher than that of Chronic lymphatic filariasis,chronic obstructive pneumonia and rheumatoid arthritis patients.Conclusion Chinese acute upper respiratory tract infection patients mainly have problems in the dimension of pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression.Compared to British integration system,Korean's is more applicable to Chinese population.Acute upper respiratory tract infection patients' utilities are lower than that of healthy population and chronic invalids with no obvious symptoms,and higher than that of chronic invalids with obvious symptoms.

OBJECTIVE Comparison of the maximum slow-phase velocity of cold and warm air with different stimulated sequence.METHODS Forty normal cases and 229 vertigo cases with bithermal caloric testing during 2004 to 2006 were randomly divided into two groups:20 normal cases and 101 vertigo cases were stimulated with cold air first,and the other cases with warm air first.According to the canal paresis(CP)≥20%,each patients group was subdivided into the normal semicircular canal(SC) function group and the paresis SC function group. The maximal slow-phase velocity(MSV)during the strongest 10 seconds was counted,and compared among the subgroups.RESULTS Except the normal cases with warm air first,the differences between the subgroups were statistically significant.The cold air first group presented stronger MSV with cold air and the warm air first group presented stronger MSV with warm air.CONCLUSION The MSV stimulated by warm air was as the same as that stimulated by the cold air.With different stimulated sequence,the first stimulation induced stronger response.In normal cases,the cold air firstly stimulated induced much more vestibular adaption.

Objective This study was performed to investigate clinical characteristics of albuminuria in octagenarian or nanogenarian and provide primary study for chronic kidney disease in eldly patients.Methods The data of 218 patients with albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)between 30 ~300 mg/g from first morning urine in hospital from June 2012 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Consec-utive hospitalized old patients were divided into 80 +group(aged from 80 to 89 years old)and 90 +group(age≥90 years old),who were al-so divided into albuminuria positive group(ACR 30 ~300 mg/g)and albuminuria negative group(ACR <30 mg/g)according to the ACR. Cohort study was performed to investigate albuminuria related characteristics.Results Of the 218 hospitalized old men,53.21% developed albuminuria with average Log ACR (1.78 ±0.85)mg/g.Albuminuria was positive in 45.16% of 80 +group compared to that of69.84% in 90 +group(P <0.05).For albuminuria positive old men average Log ACR (2.03 ±0.62)mg/g,while it was Log ACR(1.03 ±0.44)mg/g in al-buminuria negative old men.Positive rate of albuminuria in 80 + group vs.90 + group accompanied with either diabetes,hypertension or eGFR <60 mL·(min·1.73 m2 )-1 were 50% vs.77.5%(P <0.05),50.38% vs.58.82%(P >0.05),66.21% vs.75%(P >0.05), respectively.Of a few old men who were free from diabetes,hypertension or eGFR <60 mL·(min·1.73 m2 )-1 the corresponding rate of al-buminuria were 35.39% (21 /59),16.00%(4 /25)and 25.84% (23 /89),respectively.Conclusion Occurrence of albuminuria was seen in 53.21% of advanced aged hospitalized men,with tendency of higher occurrence rate in nanogenarian than those in the octogenarian.

Objective:To study the antitumor effect of combination therapy with adenoviral transfer of mouse endostatin gene and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy on mouse Lewis lung cancer.Methods:Mouse endostatin gene was cloned into repli-cation-defective adenovirus by virus recombination technology to construct Ad-mES,adenovirus vector coding mouse endo-statin gene,and then its biological activities were surveyed in vivo.Animal models of mouse Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6mice were established and randomly divided into4groups(n=10):including control,chemotherapy,gene therapy,and chemotherapy+gene therapy group.Mice received cyclophosphamide150mg/kg s.c.3times a day in a21-d cycle for chemotherapy;control group received0.9%normal saline100?l.Ad-mES(6?10 9 pfu/100?l)were administrated by multi-spots intra-tumor injection to every mouse in gene therapy group and combination therapy group.The tumor sizes were mea-sured at different times points.The expression of endostatin after transfer was detected by Western blot and the microvessel density(MVD)of tumor was measured by immunohistochemical examination.Results:Higher titers of recombinant aden-oviruses(Ad-mES)were constructed.Combination therapy with Ad-mES and cyclophosphamide inhibited tumor growth(P

AIM: To compare cell-suspension and explant culture of mouse corneal epithelial cells (MCEC).METHODS: MCEC were cultured by cell-suspension culture and explant culture, respectively. Colony forming efficiency (CFE) and cell proliferation were determined. The expression of corneal epithelial progenitor cell marker p63 and K19, as well as differentiation marker K12 was investigated by Western blotting.RESULTS: Twenty of 25 (80％) cornea explant were successfully subcultured to passage1 (P1), while only 12％ cell-suspension culture were successfully subcultured to P1. There were statistical significance between explant culture and cell-suspension culture (P<0.01). Up to 55％ of P1 cells in explant culture were passaged over P10 and were stably subcultured though at least 25 passages. However, cells cultured in suspension culture never achieved confluence in P2. CEF of P1 in explant culture was higher than P1 in cell-suspension culture (P=0.02) and CEF of P20 in explant culture was higher than P1 in explant (P=0.001). Immunostaining images showed expression of p63 and K19 in cell-suspension culture P1 and explant culture P1 and P20. K12 was expressed in P1 of both cell-suspension culture and explant culture, however, there was not K12 expressed in P20 of explant culture.CONCLUSION: In MECE culture, compared with cell-suspension culture, the explant culture is a preferable option.

Objective The stability and other characteristics of the active recombinant human anionic trypsin(hT 2) with site-mutation R 122 L(mhT 2) were investigated. Methods An active human anionic trypsin and its R 122 L mutate were produced with E.coli BL 21(DE 3) and purified with ion-exchange chromatography. The properties of mutant were studied and compared with the wild type. Results The optimal pH for mhT 2 was 7~11. mhT 2 was active over a broad temperature range (4℃~80℃) and owned a little better thermal stability than the wild type. The inhibition of typical metal chelating agent(EDTA), Fe 3+, denaturant, reducer(β-ME) on activity of mhT 2 was the same as the wild type. Michaelis constant Km of mhT 2 was 0.010 mmol/L with BAEE as a substrate, a little lower than wild type. Conclusion Compared with the wild type, the R 122 L site mutate significantly enhanced tolerance to acidic pH、denaturants、reductions and autolysis.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of primary hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver(PCCCL)and assess the over-all survival rate of PCCCL after hepatectomy and the association between prognosis and clear cell ratio in PCCCL.Methods The clinicopathological data of 43 patients with PCCCL treated with hepatectomy in our hospital from January 1999 to December 2003 were retrospectively analyzed.Results X2 test showed a positive rate of HCV infection(14.0%)and capsule formation(88.4 0A)in the PCCCL group markedly higher than the positive rate of HCV infection(1.2%)and capsule formation(65.0%)in the CHCC group(P=0.000 and 0.005).Meanwhile,the vascular invasion rate was notably Iower in the PCCCL group(53.4%vs.65.0%),but there were no significant differences between the two groups(P=0.129).Kaplan-Meier method showed that the1-,3-and 5-year survival rates were significantly higher in the PCCCL group than in the CHCC group(81%,53%and 39%vs.76%,46%and 32 0A,P=0.021).The prognosis of patients in the PCCCL group was related to capsule formation.vascular invasion,liver cirrhosis and clear cell ratio.The 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates were markedly higher in the group with higher clear cell ratio (≥75%,subgroup B)than in group with lower clear cell ratio(＜75%,subgroup A)(80 0A,43%and 23%vs.85 0A,77% and 68%,P=0.011).Conclusion The notable clinicopathologicaI features of the patients with PCCCL are higher rates of HCV infection.capsule formation and lower rate of vascular invasion.Their prognosis is better than the patients with CHCC and related with the ratio of clear cell.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between serum testosterone levels and the plaque formation of the carotid artery in a population-based cohort of independently living healthy women above 60 years of age.

METHODSAnalysis of the healthy elders from a population-based cohort study in 9 communities of Beijing. Carotid intima-media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques were determined ultrasonographically. Serum testosterone levels were measured by immunoassay. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThere was an inverse correlation between testosterone and plaque formation in old females (P < 0.01), while no association was found in males. Female with testosterone levels in the lowest quartile (< 0.49 nmol/L) had more risk of plaque formation (OR = 3.805, P < 0.01) after adjusted with age and other traditional factors of atherosclerosis.

CONCLUSIONTestosterone concentrations are negatively associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis in old women in Beijing, experimental and prospective studies are needed to determine the possible therapeutic role of testosterone in atherosclerosis.

Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Carotid Stenosis ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Testosterone ; blood