Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; virology ; Liver ; pathology ; Male

Objective To find the optimal stimulation parameters of electroacupuncture for incision pain and visceral dragging pain after surgery.Method Databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang (WF), VIP and PubMed were retrieved by using computer. The eligible literatures related to the clinical and experimental studies on electroacupuncture for post-operative pain were summarized and the frequencies of the involved electroacupuncture parameters were counted.Result For incision pain, electroacupuncture was used after surgery, with continuous wave, usually a low frequency ranged 2~15 Hz and a current of 2~5 mA; for visceral dragging pain, electroacupuncture was used before surgery, with sparse-intense wave, alternate frequencies majorly at 2/100 Hz and a medium or low current intensity within patient’s endurance. Conclusion In clinical application, the elctroacupuncture parameters should be chosen carefully according to the type of post-operative pain.

Adult ; Chylothorax ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Neck Dissection ; adverse effects

Objective To explore the effect of long-term chronic mild stress on depression-like behaviors and the expression of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in rats.Methods The standard SD rats were divided into two groups as following:one group (n =6) was treated with chronic mild stress for 3 weeks,and another group (n =5) was treated with chronic mild stress for 6 weeks.Depression-like behaviors of rats was observed by sucrose consumption test and open field test before and after chronic mild stress.And Western Blot,RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to detect the HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of rats after chronic mild stress.Results The sucrose favoritism in sucrose consumption test,the scores of crossing and the time for rats' retention in the center grid of open field test in long-term group were higher than those in short term group(P＜ 0.05).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus and frontal lobes of long-term group (0.81 ± 0.08,0.85 ± 0.08)detected by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry was higher that of short-term group (0.60 ± 0.06,0.85 ±0.07).HSP70 expression in the hippocampus of long-term group (0.90 ± 0.05,1.37 ± 0.38)detected by RT-PCR was higher that of short-term group(0.78 ± 0.04,1.08 ± 0.14) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After long-term chronic mild stress,the depression-like behaviors decrease,and at the same time HSP70 mRNA and protein increase.

ObjectiveTo analyze literature on acupuncture-related adverse events published in periodicals in Science Citation Index (SCI) and Medllars Online(Medline).MethodsWe searched the Web of Science database and the Medline database to identify articles about the safety of acupuncture therapy.Case reports,case series,surveys and other observational studies were included if they reported factual data,but review articles,translations and clinical trials were excluded.ResultsFindings:The inclusion criteria were met by 232 articles that in total reported on 389 cases of adverse events after acupuncture.Conclusion Acupuncture therapy is relatively safe,most acupuncture-related adverse events can be avoided by standardized clinical practice.Establishment of acupuncture medical safety standard system is extremely urgent.

BACKGROUND:Mobile-bearing prosthesis has advantages in theoretic design, in vitro kinematics and abrasion, but it remains unclear whether its clinical outcomes are better than fixed-bearing prosthesis at present. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the medium-term results of total knee arthroplasty using mobile-bearing prosthesis to provide clinical evidence for the choice of prosthesis. METHODS:The patients who suffered from osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis and underwent total knee arthroplasty with PFC Sigma RP in Beijing Tongren Hospital from December 2006 to June 2009 were included in this study. The postoperative Knee Society Score, Knee Society Score Function Score, Patel ar Score and the Pain Score, range of motion, maximun flexion and extension angle were col ected and compared with pre-operation. The complications, such as infection, patel a clicking, polyethylene insert dislocation, and deep vein thrombosis were recorded after replacement. The anterior-posterior, lateral and Merchant position X-ray images were taken to evaluate the tibiofemoral alignment, radiolucent lines, and patel ar dislocation. Then, the results of other medium-term fol ow-up researches were compared with fixed-bearing arthroplasty. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Final y, 31 patients (45 knees) were fol owed up. The average age was 64.56±10.33 years, and fol ow-up period was 3.9-7.6 years. The postoperative scores, range of motion, maximun flexion and extension angle were improved obviously, but there were no differences with other medium-term fol ow-up researches. No radiolucent lines, prosthetic loosening or polyethylene insert dislocation was found. Lateral patel ar release was done, but no patel ar dislocation or subluxation appeared in al patients. Two patients (2 knees) accompanied patel a clicking. Results indicated that the medium-term clinical result was satisfactory. No patel ar dislocation or subluxation was found, although only lateral patel ar release was done. This may be the superiority of mobile-bearing arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND:There is no simple and effective method to relieve delayed muscle soreness.
OBJECTIVE:To conclude the injured mechanism and therapies of delayed muscle soreness by reviewing literature about damage and repair of the skeletal muscle.
METHODWanfang and PubMed databases (from January 1991 to January 2014) were retrieved for articles
related to morphological structure of the skeletal muscle, mechanism of delayed muscle soreness, and treatment and repair of the skeletal muscle using the keywords of“molecular mechanisms;delayed onset muscle soreness;pain;skeletal muscle;injury”in Chinese and English, respectively. Final y, 24 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Studies have shown that skeletal muscle injury is related to calcium imbalance, energy imbalance and high concentration of active oxygen. Skeletal muscle injury includes metabolic injury, mechanical injury and inflammatory injury. Insulin-like growth factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ-coactivator-1αpromoter and tumor necrosis factorαplay important roles in skeletal muscle repair process. Animal experiments have demonstrated that edaravone may reduce secondary damage and inflammatory infiltration by means of directly preventing rapid peroxidation injury of free radicals in the skeletal muscle. Clinical studies have shown that Chinese medicine preparations, massage and acupuncture can delay the occurrence of exercise-induced muscle injury and fatigue, to improve the speed and quality of the recovery of damaged muscles. The treatment of delayed muscle soreness can achieve satisfactory results by combining physiotherapy with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To study the expression of HIF-1α and survivin in gastric cancer,and to study their role in tumor angiogenesis,invasion and metastasis.Methods Immunohistochemieal technique was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and survivin in 54 cases of gastric cancer.Results The expression rate of HIF-lα in gastric cancer (74.1%) was higher than that in normal gastric tissue (O),The expression of HIF-1α in gastric cancer was associated with TNM staging,invasive depth and lymph-node metastasis (P<0.05),The expression of survivin in gastric cancers was high (72.2%),and increased with invasive depth (P<0.01),clinical stages (P<0.01) and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between expression of HIF-1α and Survivin (r:0.31,P<0.05).Conclusion HIF-1α and Survivin could be factors in the judgement of the degree of malignancy of gastric cancer and prediction of its prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of immune enhanced enteral nutrition on immune function in postoperative patients with gastric cancer by using meta-analysis. Methods The databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, VIP and Wanfang Data were used to search randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the effect of immune enhanced enteral nutrition and conventional enteral nutrition on immune function in postoperative patients with gastric cancer. The retrieval time span was from inception to Sept 1, 2016. The studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted and the quality was evaluated by 2 reviewers independently. Besides, the meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results Meta-analysis included 5 RCT, 216 cases in total. The results showed that the immune parameters of immune enhanced enteral nutrition such as IgA (MD=0.18, 95 % CI 0.09-0.27, P< 0.001), IgG (MD= 0.76, 95 % CI 0.43-1.09, P< 0.001), IgM (MD= 0.13, 95%CI 0.07-0.20, P<0.001), CD3 (MD=4.74, 95%CI 2.99-6.48, P<0.001), CD4 (MD=3.6, 95%CI 2.14-5.06, P< 0.001), CD4/CD8 (MD= 0.58, 95 %CI 0.20-0.97, P< 0.003) were significantly higher than those of conventional enteral nutrition after 9 or 10 days of gastric surgery. The CD8 level of conventional enteral nutrition were higher than immune enhanced enteral nutrition after 9 or 10 days of gastric surgery (MD = -1.26, 95 %CI-2.21 - -0.30, P= 0.01). The difference between two groups had no statistical significance in immune parameters such as IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 after 1 day of gastric surgery (P>0.05). Regarding to cellular factor, the IL-6 level of immune enhanced enteral nutrition was lower than conventional enteral nutrition after 9 days of gastric surgery (MD=-77.40, 95 %CI-112.25 - -42.55, P< 0.001). The difference between two groups enteral nutrition had no statistical significance about IL-6, TNF-αafter 1 day of gastric surgery, TNF-α, IL-2 after 9 days of gastric surgery (P> 0.05). Conclusion Immune enhanced enteral nutrition for postoperative patients with gastric cancer can improve and enhance the immune function under stress, and reduce the excessive inflammatory reaction, which is more conducive to the safety of patients with gastric cancer.

Objective To get further insight into the breakthrough pain experiences in advanced cancer patients in order to provide targeted nursing measures for breakthrough pain patients. Methods Semi structured interviews were performed in 12 advanced cancer patients. Colaizzi analysis program was used to analyze, induct and extract the themes. Results The breakthrough pain experiences of advanced cancer patients were as follows:overall perception of breakthrough pain;the experience when experiencing breakthrough pain; personal growth related to breakthrough pain. Conclusions Nurses should provide sufficient information to patients timely, consider patients′needs and combine with non-drug methods to better manage breakthrough pain to improve patients′experience about breakthrough pain.