Objective To study the inhibition effects of antibacterial proteins from Musca domestica larvae on JEC and A375 tumour cells. Methods Antibacterial proteins with concentrations of 0.02%,0.1%,0.5%,2.5% and 12.5% were supplied in the culture of JEC and A375 tumour cells in vitro.The cell cycles and apoptosis of JEC and A375 tumour cells were detected by flow cytometry,and the apoptosis index(AI) was measured.The morphology of apoptotic cells was observed with HE stainings and AO staining.The culture without antibacterial proteins was served as control. ResultsThe ratio of apoptosis index/proliferation index(AI/PI) of JEC cells increased with the concentration of antibacterial proteins.The PI and apoptosis rate of 2.5% antibacterial proteins group and 12.5% antibacterial proteins group significantly increased,and G0/G1 significantly decreased.For A375 cells,there were significant differences in G2/M, S,G0/G1,G2/M,AI/PI and PI between 12.5% antibacterial proteins group and control group(P

Aged ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibronectins ; metabolism ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; metabolism ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron

Objective To investigate the expression of GFAP in rat hypothalamus after acute heat stress. Methods The rats were caged in a experimental incubator for 60 minutes,the temperature within the incubator was adjusted to 24℃,34℃,38.5℃ or 42℃,the humidity was 60%.Single anti-GFAP immunohistochemical(ABC) method and anti-Fos and GFAP double immunohistochemical method were used to observe the expression of GFAP in hypothalamus in different ambient temperatures after heat stress. Results The GFAP-positive cells were rare in hypothalamus at 24℃,however it was increased in many nuclei(anterior hypothalamic area,paraventricular nucleus,arcuate nucleus,suprachiasmatic nucleus and supraoptic nucleus)at 34℃ and peaked when ambient temperature was 38.5℃,and then decreased.However,Fos/GFAP-IR double labelled astrocytes were observed at 42℃.Conclusion Astrocytes participate in the pathophysiological process of heat stress.

Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

The technique conditions of decolonization of fermentation broth were successively optimized using single factor assay and orthogonal layout method in Cordyceps jiangxiensis. The optimal condition of decolorization was investigated to be 3g/100mL active carbon, 5 min absorption time, pH5 of fermented broth and 25℃absorption temperature. Under the optimal condition, the maximum decolorization rate of fermented broth reached 89. 6% , simultaneously 10. 7% consuming rate of exopolysaccahride was minimum. Subsequently, the extract condition of exopolysaccharide of C. jiangxiensis was further optimized by orthogonal layout design. The maximum exopolysaccharide production was 0. 38 g/L under the optimal condition, i. e. firstly fermented filtrate decolorized and deproteined was concentrated to 1/7 of its total volume, secondly concentration broth was mixed with four times its volume of absolute ethanol and stirred vigorously, lastly precipitation of exopolysaccharide proceeded at 4℃for 16 hrs and the exopolysaccharide collected by centrifugal ion and dryness.

Background: Mast cell activation is a characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Study on mast cell and the related inflammatory mediators in colonic mucosa is helpful for the evaluation and treatment of IBS.Aims: To assess the effect of mesalazine combined with trimebutine on colonic mucosal mast cell and related inflammatory mediators in patients with IBS.Methods: Forty patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and 40 patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) from Oct.2014 to June 2016 at Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital were enrolled, 20 healthy volunteers were served as controls.Forty patients with IBS-D and 40 patients with IBS-C were randomly divided into mesalazine+trimebutine group and trimebutine group, the treatment courses were all 4 weeks.Number of mast cell was counted by modified toluidine blue staining.Score of related inflammatory mediators were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Clinical efficacy was assessed.Results: Compared with healthy controls, number of mast cell at baseline was significantly increased both in IBS-D and IBS-C patients (P<0.05).After treatment with mesalazine+trimebutine, number of mast cell was significantly decreased (P<0.05).At baseline, immunohistochemical staining score of 5-HT, IL-1, TNF-α, histamine, tryptase were significantly increased in IBS patients than in healthy controls (P<0.000 1).After treatment with mesalazine+trimebutine, above-mentioned inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased (P<0.05).In IBS-D patients, the total efficacy rate in mesalazine+trimebutine group was significantly increased than that in trimebutine group (85.0% vs.45.0%, P=0.008).In IBS-C patients, no significant difference in total efficacy rate was found between mesalazine+trimebutine group and trimebutine group (55.0% vs.25.0%, P=0.053).Conclusions: Mesalazine combined with trimebutine is an effective and safe approach to reduce mast cell infiltration and release of related inflammatory mediators, and is more efficient for patients with IBS-D.

OBJECTIVETo explore the features of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the hippocampus in schizophrenia patients before and after stereotactic neurosurgery.

METHODS1H-MRS was performed to determine NAA/Cr and CHO/Cr ratios on the bilateral hippocampal regions before and after stereotactic neurosurgery in 20 schizophrenia patients, with 20 healthy individuals as the controls.

RESULTSThe NAA/Cr ratio in the hippocampal regions was significantly lower and the CHO/Cr ratio significantly higher in schizophrenia patients before the surgery than in the healthy controls (P<0.01). The NAA/Cr and CHO/Cr ratios in the hippocampal regions underwent no significant changes in the patients after the surgeries (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONNeuronal and cell membrane metabolism impairment is present in the hippocampus of schizophrenia patients, and stereotactic neurosurgery does not produce obvious adverse effects on the cell membrane metabolism in the hippocampus of the patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aspartic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Choline ; metabolism ; Creatine ; metabolism ; Female ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Male ; Protons ; Schizophrenia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effect of excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms(AES)on cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)?induced sepsis in mice. Methods Forty?eight BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:a sham operation group(PBS+sham group,Group A),a CLP?induced sepsis group(PBS+CLP group,Group B)and an AES treatment group(AES+ CLP group,Group C). The mice of each group were intraperitoneally injected with 25 μg of AES or PBS only as a control in a total volume of 200μl. Eight mice from each group were selected randomly for survival analy?sis of 96 hours. The other 8 mice in each group were observed for pathological changes in the lung,liver and kidney tissues by HE staining 12 h after CLP,and then determined for the detection of cytokines including TNF?α,IL?1β,IL?6,IL?10 and TGF? βin the sera by ELISA. Results The difference among the survival rates of mice in the 3 groups was statistically significant (χ2=21.16,P<0.05). Compared to Group A(100%),the survival rate of mice in Group B(0)decreased significantly(P<0.05),and also the pathological damage degrees in the lung,liver and kidney tissues of the mice in Group B increased signifi?cantly after CLP. Compared with the mice in group B,the survival rate of those in Group C(70%)increased significantly(P<0.05),and the pathological damage degrees in the lung,liver and kidney tissues of the mice in Group C decreased significantly after the treatment with AES. The differences among the levels of pro?inflammatory cytokines TNF?α(F=27.11,P<0.05),IL?1β(F=18.75,P<0.05)and IL?6(F=100.93,P<0.05)in the sera of the mice in the three groups were statistically signifi?cant. Compared with the mice in Group A,the levels of the 3 cytokines of those in Group B increased significantly(all P <0.05). However,after the treatment with AES,the levels of the pro?inflammatory cytokines of those in Group C decreased signifi?cantly(all P<0.05). The differences among the levels of immunoregulatory cytokines IL?10(F=10.88,P<0.05)and TGF?β(F=11.37,P<0.05)in the sera of the mice in the three groups were also statistically significant. Compared with the mice in Group B,the levels of IL?10 and TGF?β of those in Group C were higher after treatment with AES(both P<0.05). Conclu?sion T. spiralis AES has a therapeutic potential for alleviating sepsis induced by CLP in mice.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and mechanism of Poly I:C in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.

METHODSSMMC-7721 cells were treated with different doses of Poly I:C for 24, 48, and 72 h, and the cell growth inhibition rate was analyzed with CCK-8 assay. The cell cycle and the apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry with Annexin-V and PI staining, and quantitative RT-PCR analysis were used to detect the expression of TLR3, TRIF, and IFN-beta mRNA in cells.

RESULTSIn the cells exposed to Poly I:C at low, moderate, and high doses, the inhibitory rates was the highest in high-dose Poly I:C group, and at a given Poly I:C dose, prolonged exposure resulted in significantly increased cell growth inhibition rate (P<0.05). Flow cytometry showed that Poly I:C induced cell apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner and significantly increased the percentage of G1-phase cells as compared with that in the control group. The mRNA level of TLR3, TRIF, and IFN-beta were also increased following Poly I:C treatment in comparison with the control group.

CONCLUSIONPoly I:C can induce significant growth inhibition and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner possibly by causing cell cycle arrest and TLR3 signaling pathway activation that leads to IFN-beta production and cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Interferon-beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Poly I-C ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cholecystokinin ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 3 ; genetics ; metabolism