Background Corneal epithelial abrasion results in corneal ulcer and stroma cloudy evenb irreversible visual impairment.Previous drugs for corneal epithelial injury can only alleviate the inflammatory irritation.So it is very important to seek a drug which regulate the growth of corneal epithelium.Objective This study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops on corneal epithelial abrasion.Methods Fifty right eyes of 50 clean adult New Zealand white rabbits were collected.Two rabbits were sacrificed right away following establishment of corneal epithelial abrasion models (0 hour group).The other 48 rabbits were randomly divided into recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF) derivative group (positive control group),normal saline solution group (negative control group),0.25％ or 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group.Corneal abrasion models were created with alcohol corrosion method with a defect area of 7 mm2.The corresponding eye drops were used separately in 4 groups for four times per day after operation.Experimental eyes were examined by the slit lamp microscope,and fluorescein vital staining were performed 12,24,36,48,72 hours after operation.Planimetry was performed and the corneal photographs were analyzed with computer software.The rabbits were sacrificed 12,24,36,48 and 72 hours after operation,respectively,and the histopathological examination of corneal tissue was carried out.Results No obvious irritation response was seen after administered of eye drops in the recombinant human EGF derivative group,normal saline solution group,0.25％ and 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups.Histopathological examination revealed a full-thickness defect of corneal epithelium after modeling.The defect area was gradually smaller with time lapse,and corneal epithelium migrated from periphery toward the center zone.Corneal epithelial cells increased with time lapse.Compared with normal saline solution group,the defect area of corneal epithelium lessened 12,24,36,48 hours after operation in the 0.25％,0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups and recombinant human EGF derivative group (all at P =0.000),but at 12and 24,36 hours after operation,no significant differences were found between the recombinant human EGF derivative group and normal saline solution group (P =0.321,0.057,0.126).The defect area was smaller in the 0.5％recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group than that of the recombinant human EGF derivative group at various time points (P=0.042,0.039,0.025,0.008).However,significant smaller defect area was exhibited only at 12 hours and 24 hours after operation in the 0.25％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops group (P=0.047,0.042).No significant differences were seen in corneal defect area at various time points between 0.25％ and 0.5％recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups (P =0.358,0.259,0.108,0.062).In addition,the corneal defect area was (0.51 ±0.42)mm2 72 hours after operation in the normal saline group;while that in the recombinant human EGF derivative group and recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups was disappeared.The repairing curves in the recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops groups were superior to those of the recombinant human EGF derivative group and normal saline solution group.Conclusions 0.25％ and 0.5％ recombinant human BIGH3 protein eye drops have facilitation effect on the growth of corneal epithelial cells and the healing of corneal injury.

OBJECTIVETo perform a Meta-analysis on peginterferon with interferon in treatment of HIV patients coinfected with refractory genotype HCV.

METHODSA literature search of Medline was conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled trials. Meta analysis was conducted to evaluate peginterferon and interferon in treatment of coinfected HCV genotype 1 or 4 in HIV patients.

RESULTSix trials of 88 matched the selection criteria. Total 1,131 patients with coinfection of HCV genotype 1 or 4 and HIV were included. Sustain viral response was higher in patients treated with peginterferon plus ribavirin compared with that of interferon plus ribavirin (26 % compared with 8 %) or peginterferon alone (26 % compared with 13 %). Severe adverse effects and withdrawal rates were similar for patients treated with peginterferon and patients treated with interferon.

CONCLUSIONPeginterferon plus ribavirin in treatment of patients with coinfection of genotype 1 or 4 HCV and HIV can achieve higher sustain viral response and the likelihoods of serious adverse effects and withdrawal rates are similar to other therapies.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Hepacivirus ; classification ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo analyze the mechanics of distalizating lower cuspid with the light-segmented archwire.

METHODSAn experiment, which imitated the loading of distalizating lower cuspid with the light-segmented archwire, was performed on the three-dimensional finite element method model of lower cuspid. The patterns of stress distribution of the root were analyzed.

RESULTSUnder the loading of the light-segmented archwire, the lower cuspid root presented an even pressing force distribution on the distal and lingual side and an even stretching force distribution on the mesial and buccal side.

CONCLUSIONSThe light-segmented archwire would lead to bodily movement of the cuspid.

Cuspid ; physiopathology ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Orthodontic Wires ; Tooth Movement Techniques ; methods

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Endovascular Procedures ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and safety of the treatment for thoracolumbar fractures with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom June 2007 to December 2008, 19 cases of thoracolumbar fractures were treated with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach. There were 7 female and 12 male, ranging from 21 to 57 years of age (mean 40.8 years) at surgery. The time from injury to surgery varied from 1 d to 5 d (mean 2.9 d). Nineteen patients all suffered from single thoracolumbar fracture with the distribution of injury level being T(11) in 1, T(12) in 5, L(1) in 9, and L(2) in 4. According to Denis fracture classification, there were 5 compression fractures and 14 burst fractures. The mean preoperative ratio of the anterior height of the body was 57.2%, kyphosis angle was 17.6° and occupation of spinal canal was 27.7%. The mean preoperative load-sharing classification of spine fractures was 5.2. Based on the ASIA neurologic grading system, preoperative neurological function was grade B in 2 cases, C in 9 and D in 8.

RESULTSMedian operating time was 83.8 min (range 60-95 min) and median blood loss was 133 ml (range 90 - 200 ml). Infection did not occur in any of the patients and the operative incisions were healing well. Average follow-up time was 19.2 months (range 12 - 36 months). At the latest follow-up, the height of the anterior border was corrected to 88.4%, the kyphosis angle was 6.1°, and the occupation of spinal canal was 8.2% on average. The postoperative neurologic function of all 19 patients was improved with grade D in 2 cases and E in 17. There were no instances of instrumentation failure and no patient had persistent postoperative back pain.

CONCLUSIONSTranspedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach could provide reliable neurologic improvement in patients with incomplete neurologic deficit, and could prevent the development of kyphosis.Furthermore, it has the obvious advantages of less invasive and blood loss, and decreases the risks of postoperative lumbodorsal pain.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Durapatite ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the mechanism of icariin regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods A rat model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion was induced using the thread embolism method.At 24 hours post-operation,the rats were randomly allocated into a sham operation group,model group,butylphthalide group(70 mg/kg),ICA-low dose(20 mg/kg),ICA-middle dose(40 mg/kg),and ICA-high dose(80 mg/kg)groups.The corresponding drugs were administered by gavage at 10 mL/kg once a day for 13 consecutive days.One hour after the last administration,neurological function was scored.The cerebral cortex was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.Expression of interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 in the cerebral cortex was determined by immunohistochemistry.Expression of NLRP3,ASC,and Caspase-1 in the cerebral cortex was determined by Western Blot.Results In contrast to the sham operation group,there was a notable increase in neural function scores within the model group.The ischemic area around the visible cerebral cortex showed neuron necrosis at various level or glial cell proliferation,and the number of intact neurons was significantly reduced.IL-1β and IL-18 positive cells were significantly increased.Expression of NLRP3,ASC,and Caspase-1 was significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).After treatment with icariin,the neural function score was decreased significantly.The degree of neuronal necrosis in the peri-ischemic area was significantly reduced,and the number of intact neurons was significantly increased.IL-1 β and IL-18-positive cells were decreased significantly.Expressions of NLRP3,ASC,and Caspase-1 were significantly decreased(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).Conclusions Treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by icariin may be related to regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Objective To compare aortic root anatomical characteristics between severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) patients, and to provide useful information for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) device designs and procedural techniques for treatment of AR. Methods Consecutive patients admitted between April 2014 to May 2016 with severe AS or AR and planned to undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement were included. There were a total of 57 AR and 113 AS patients. All patients underwent multi-detector computed tomographic imaging and echocardiography examinations. Results The mean aortic annulus diameter in AR patients was slightly but significantly larger than AS patients[ (26.4±3.7) mm vs. (25.2±2.9) mm, P=0.001]. The mean diameters of the ascending aorta[ (38.3±6.9) mm vs. (33.9±6.7) mm, P<0.001]and Valsalva sinus[ (38.9±6.9) mm vs. (32.7±4.5) mm, P<0.001] in AR patients were larger than in AS patients. The left coronary ostia height was of no significant difference between the 2 groups [ (12.5±3.7) mm vs. (13.4±3.2) mm, P=0.08] and the right coronary ostia height was higher in the AR group than in the AS group [ (17.5±5.0) mm vs. (15.3±3.3) mm, P=0.001]. Conclusions The anatomical aortic root data from patients with AS or AR in the present study may provide useful information for transcatheter aortic valve replacement device designs and procedural techniques for treatment of AR.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the reoperation experiences in treatment of massive rebleeding after subtotal gastrectomy for bleeding gastroduodenal ulcer.

METHODSFrom 1980 to 2002, clinical data of 26 cases with massive rebleeding after subtotal gastrectomy for bleeding gastrorenal ulcer were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSPreoperative gastroscopy was performed in 6 cases, intraoperative gastroscopy in 11, and preoperative superselective angiography in 2 cases. Eleven cases with left ulcer or post- bulb ulcer bleeding underwent resection of the left ulcer or longitudinal incision of the duodenal descending part and direct hemostasis. Thirteen cases with anastomotic stoma bleeding underwent local suture hemostasis or resection of the stoma plus Billroth II or Roux- en- Y gastrojejunostomy. Two cases with gastric bleeding received reexcision of the stomach remnant. Twenty- four cases (92.3% ) were cured and 2 cases (7.7% ) died of gastric bleeding.

CONCLUSIONPreoperative superselective angiography and intraoperative gastroscopy are beneficial to clarify the bleeding position and causes for massive rebleeding after gastrectomy. It is very important to select proper operative method to prevent postoperative rebleeding.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiography ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptic Ulcer ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

Adult ; Aged ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; instrumentation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo develop a type II endoleak porcine model with continuous pressure monitor by the strain-gauge pressure transducer and the patch.

METHODSNine tamed porcine was randomized as the experiment group of 6 domesticated pigs and the control group of 3 domesticated pigs. When the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) was created, the 2(nd) and 3(rd) pair of infrarenal lumber arteries were preserved in the experiment group, while ligated in the control group. The stent-graft was implanted in the endovascular repair. CT angiography was performed to seek endoleak, and the angiography was performed to excluded the type I and type III endoleak. The pressure in the excluded AAA monitored by the strain-gauge pressure transducer was recorded and compared in both groups to evaluated the effect of type II endoleak in the experiment group.

RESULTSThe AAA porcine model with pressure monitor were successfully developed in all 9 porcine. The endoleak and the retrograde flow of the lumber arteries were confirmed by CT angiography in the experiment group. The ratio of the average pressure after the procedure to before the procedure was higher in the experiment group than the control group (U = 0.000, P = 0.020). The ratio of the pulse pressure after the procedure to the average pressure before the procedure was higher in the experiment group than the control group (U = 0.000, P = 0.020).

CONCLUSIONIt is feasible to develop type II endoleak domesticated pig model by preserving the lumber arteries for the retrograde flow, and the AAA model with pressure monitor by the strain-gauge pressure transducer and the patch.

Animals ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endoleak ; Female ; Male ; Manometry ; Stents ; Sus scrofa ; Transducers, Pressure