G protein- coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven- transmembrane domain receptors, constitute the largest superfamily of cell surface receptors. By coupling to heterotrimeric G proteins, arrestins and other signaling molecules, GPCRs modulate diverse signal transduction pathways under physiological and pathological conditions. Recent studies have revealed crucial roles of GPCRs in tumorigenesis and development of cancer metastasis. This review summarizes roles of GPCRs, particularly the roles of those coupled to chemokines, prostaglandin, lysophosphatidic acid, endothelin, catecholamine and angiotensin in proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of hepatoma cells and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The potential of GPCRs- based therapeutics being used for hepatocellular carcinoma is also highlighted.

Objective To explore the curative effect of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods Clinical data of 64 patients with ACS were retrospectively analyzed,41 patients received CABG (CABG group) and 23 patients received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI,PCI group).Mainly cardiac events and secondary cardiac events were compared.Results The incidence rate of cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events during hospitalization in CABG group was 7.32％(3/41),in PCI group was 8.70％ (2/23),there was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).All patients accomplished follow-up and follow-up time was 12-48 months.The meta follow-up time in CABG group was 35.26 months,in PCI group was 33.19 months.The incidence rate of cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events during follow-up in CABG group was 19.51％ (8/41),in PCI group was 30.43％(7/23),there was no significant difference (P＞ 0.05).The incidence rate of death,myocardial infarction,cerebrovascular events,angina pectoris and total cadiovascular and cerebrovascular events between two groups had no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The surgery treatment in ACS is feasible,the curative effect of CABG and PCI is therapeutic equivalence.The choice of operation should be based on patients' condition and individual choice.Appropriate revascularization can get the best treatment efficiency.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of preoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemo-therapy and radical operation in the treatment of cervical cancer patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (IB -IIB).Methods 80 patients who were diagnosed locally advanced (stage IB -IIB)cervical cancer,were divided into observation group (preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy group)and control group (radical radio-therapy group).The short -term efficacy,complications and follow -up data were compared between the two groups. Results The short -term efficacy of the observation group was 87.2%,which of the control group was 95.1%,and there was no significant difference (χ2 =1.579,P =0.209).As to the early complications of the two groups,there were no significant differences in gastrointestinal tract reaction(χ2 =0.000,P =0.987),rectal reaction(χ2 =2.709, P =0.100),bladder reaction (χ2 =1.343,P =0.247)and bone marrow suppression(χ2 =1.898,P =0.168).Late complications:in the observation group,the radiation proctitis[4 cases(10.3%)vs.14 cases(34.1%)]and the radiation cystitis[3 cases(7.7%)vs.13 cases(31.7%)]were less than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =6.542,P =0.011&χ2 =7.205,P =0.007).The average follow -up time was 38.6 months in the observation group,which was 44.8 months in the control group.There was no significant difference in survival rate between the two groups(χ2 =0.075,P =0.784 & χ2 =0.032,P =0.858).Conclusion Locally advanced cervical cancer (IB -IIB)patients received preoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy has important clinical value.The treatment makes the local giant block tumor shrink significantly,which is conducive to the implementation of surgery,and reduce the incidence of late complications compared with radical radiotherapy.

malathion.68 days after chlopyrifos was sprayed,the decrease rate of larvae density was still 95.34%.Conclusion The efficacy and persistent activity of chlopyrifos and the mixture of Bti and Bs-10 against mosquito larvae was better than the others.To control mosquito larvae in field,the suitable larvicides and application dosages should be applied according to the environment,characteristics,the pollute condition of water body etc.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of skin needling plus flash cupping for hemifacial spasm. Method Forty patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 20 in each group. For both groups, the following acupoints were selected: Baihui (GV20), Sishencong (EX-HN1), Yifeng (TE17), Xiaguan (ST7), Cuanzhu (BL2), Yangbai (GB14), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Quanliao (SI18), Jiache (ST6), Dicang (ST4), Hegu (LI4), and Waiguan (TE5). Skin needling plus flash cupping was used for the treatment group, while even reducing-reinforcing needling method was used for the control group. Seven-day treatments were considered as a treatment course, and the therapeutic efficacy was analyzed after 3 courses. Result The cure rate was 65.0%in the treatment group versus 45.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Skin needling plus flash cupping can produce a significant efficacy in treating hemifacial spasm, better than ordinary needling method.

Transforming growth factor β(TGF-β)superfamily ligands play an important role in regulating cellular homeostasis including proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,immune sur-veillance and angiogenesis.Type Ⅲ TGF-βreceptor (TβRⅢ) is considered to be the coreceptor of TGF-βsuperfamily.TβRⅢnot only has an effect on classical Smad signaling pathway,but also on non-Smad signaling pathway.TβRⅢplays a crucial role in fibrosis,tumor,cardiovascular diseases via mediating kinds of signaling pathways.This paper reviews TβRⅢ mediated sig-naling pathway and its role in fibrotic diseases.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between open field test(OFT) and light-dark box (LDB),as two animal models of state anxiety in Kunming mice.MethodsThe behavior of adult,male,Kunming mice in OFT and LDB was recorded by sequence,for five minutes,with a one-week inter-trial interval.The following parameters were evaluated:percentage of time exploring in the OFT central area( OFT-Ctime％ ) ; percentage of squares crossing in the OFT central area( OFT-Ccross％ ) ; total number of squares crossing in OFT(OFT-Cross) ;total number of rears in the OFT(OFT-Rear) ; number of fecal boli in OFT(OFT-FB) ; percentage of time exploring in the LDB light area( LDB-Ltime％ ) ; percentage of squares crossing in the LDB light area( LDB-Lcross％ ) ;and percentage of rears in the LDB light area( LDB-Lrear％ ) ; transitions between two areas in LDB( LDB-Transition) ; total number of squares crossing in LDB(LDB-Croas) ; total number of rears in LDB(LDB-Rear) ; number of fecal boli in LDB (LDB-FB).Subsequently,factor analysis,cluster analysis and correlation analysis were calculated for these parameters.ResultsFactor analysis and cluster analysis of variances from either OFT or LDB revealed a three behavioral dimensions:anxiety factor ( loaded by OFT-Ctime％,OFT-Ccross％ or LDB-Ltime％,LDB-Lcross％,LDB-Lrear％ ),activity factor ( loaded by OFT-Cross,OFT-Rear or LDB-Transition,LDB-Cross,LDB-Rear) and emotionality factor(loaded by OFT-FB or LDB-FB).While all the variances from both OFT and LDB in combination were analyzed,it could be seen as five components:' LDB-anxiety factor ( loaded by LDBLtime％,LDB-Lcross％ and LDB-Lrear％ ),' OFT-anxiety factor ( loaded by OFT-Ctime％ and OFT-Ccross％ ),'LDB-activity factor (loaded by LDB-Transition,LDB-Cross and LDB-Rear),'OFT-LDB-emotionality factor( loaded by OFT-FB and LDB-FB) and 'OFT-activity factor (loaded by OFT-Cross and OFT-Rear).Good correlation were found between OFT/LDB factors alone and in combination,such as OFT-emotionality factor and LDB-emotionality factor(Pearson =0.383,P＜0.05),LDB-anxiety factor and 'LDB-anxiety factor( Pearson =0.989,P＜0.01 ),OFT-anxiety factor and 'OFT-anxiety factor( Pearson =0.934,P ＜ 0.01 ),LDB-activity factor and 'LDB-activity factor ( Pearson =0.956,P ＜ 0.01 ),OFT/LDB-emotionality factor and ' OFT-LDB-emotionality factor ( Pearson =0.835,P＜0.01 ;Pearson =0.696,P＜0.01 ),OFT-activity factor and 'OFF-activity factor( Pearson =0.926,P＜0.01 ).ConclusionEither OFT or LDB comprised three behavioral dimensions:anxiety factor,activity factor and emotionality factor; however,it was difficult to establish face validity as a point-to-point concordance between OFT and LDB.Attention should be paid to heterogeneity of animal models when OFT and LDB were in combination as a behavionomics to evaluate anxiolytics in Kunming mice.

Objective: To analyze the role of frequency complemcntarities of vestibular tests including caloric test (CT),head shaking test(HST),and vibration test(VT) in the evaluation of vestibular function. Methods: Five hundreds and eightyfour patients with unilateral peripheral lesions were tested with CT, HST and VT in order to compare the frequency characteristic of abnormal vestibular function. Results: Of the 584 patients, 189 (32.36%), 283 (48.46%) and 368 (63.01%)cases showed vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN), head shaking nystagnms (HSN) and abnormal unilateral weakness (UW)respectively. There were 22 isolated VIN, 52 HSN and 145 cases of abnormal UW respectively. One hundred and fifty-nine (27.23%) cases had combination damage of two frequency bands, 101 (17.29%) had vestibular damage at all frequency bands,479 (82.02%) had abnormal results in any of the three tests, and 105 (17.98%) had no abnormality in all those three tests.Through consistency test, CT and HST (Kappa=0.106, P＜ 0.05), CT and VT(Kappa=0.068, P＜ 0.05), VT and HST (Kappa=0.321, P＜0.05) showed low consistency among them. VIN and HSN were more hkely to be evoked with the increasing of the UW (X'2VIN=22.686,X2HSN=23.023, P＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The vestibular damage in the patients with vertigo could reflect at isolated low, middle, high frequency or multi frequency bands. Thus, CT, HST and VT all make significant contributions to multiple-frequency analysis of vestibular function and show a well complementarities. So they can be used in evaluating the overall function of the vestibular and indicating a serious vestibular lesion if the damage affected multi frequency bands.

Objective To summarize perioperative care and effect of surgical treatment of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in newborns and babies within 6 months.Methods From September 2001 to May 2013,ninetytwo consecutive patients with TAPVC received surgical correction under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with moderate or deep hypothermia.The anatomic subtype included supracardiac type 48,intracardiac type 36,infracardiac type 6 and mixed type 2.There were 36 newboms.Pathological diagnosis was made by echocardiogram,computerized tomography and operative findings during operation.The option of procedure was determined by findings.Respirator assisted breathing after operation and cardiac function was maintained by a variety of positive inotropic drugs,to prevent the happening of the pulmonary hypertension crisis.Results Severely low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 8 patients and they died within 24 hours after operation.The remaining cases postoperative recover smoothly and receive postoperative follow-up about 1 month to 12 years,3 cases of postoperative pulmonary vein stenosis (PPVS) occurred.Conclusion Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection should be surgical treatment as soon as possible with satisfied effect.The key of perioperative care is maintenance of left heart function,negative balance of liquid,prevention and treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

Editor's Notes: The basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine is the theoretical foundation of Chinese medicine , modernization of Chinese medicine needs of the modern theory of Chinese medicine urgently . However , it is always the important issues about how modern Chinese medicine theory should be created , and what kind of theory should have been established concerned and explored by domestic and foreign counterparts in tradi-tional Chinese medicine . To lead the development of modern Chinese medicine theory , Modern Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine series of symposiums are set up specially in the current Review column, and discussed thoroughly and systematically using three consecutive pats respectively. Among them, part I contains 3 articles about new concepts, new theories, new disciplines; part II contains 5 articles about new ideas, new norms, how to clear concept, how to verify hypotheses, why to evaluate theory; part III contains 12 articles about concept of wholism updating, treatment based on syndrome differentiation development, viscera-state doc-trine innovation, pathogeny, etiology, pathogenesis, prevention, principle of treatment, knowledge structure, cogni-tion structure , monographic study , 5-year outlook . Published article on this issue is the first one belong to new concept of part I. In this paper, we want to describe the denotation and connotation of the new concept of the modern basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine from three aspects of a concept: a label , a theoretical definition , and an operational definition learning from the international academic understanding of scientific concepts, demonstrate the necessity of theoretical premise to the research and establishment of the modern basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the need to build on , illustrate the inevitable trend toward modern science . The whole article contains profound meaning and a certain breakthrough and innovation. We are expected to cause concerns and discusses of experts and scholars through this article .