1.Autoradiographic studies on some parasitic helminth.
Joo Soo YOON ; Soon Hyung LEE ; Byong Seol SEO
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1964;2(3):165-169
Direct contact method of autoradiography was utilized in studying the distribution of exogenous C(14)-proline in Clonorchis sinensis, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Hymenolepis diminuta and Dipylidium caninum. The most distinct autoradiogram were obtained after 60 min of incubation, corresponding to the maximal absorption of C(14)-proline in these parasite. The radioactivitity of this labeled amino acid was chiefly concentrated in reproductive organs, especially egg-containing uterine tubules.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-cestoda
;
Clonorchis sinensis
;
Eurytrema pancreaticum
;
Hymenolepis diminuta
;
Dipylidium caninum
;
autoradiography
;
C(14)-proline
;
biochemistry
;
amino acid
2.Epizoological survey on infestation rate of helminths in Korean native cattle..
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1971;9(2):54-57
The authors made a study on the species and distribution of helminths in Korean native cattle. The feces and internal organs from 1,755 heads were examined in slaughter plants of Taejon district. The results are summarized as follows. Distribution and infestation rate of helminths among the collected samples are, Paramphistomum spp. 68.4 per cent, Fasciola spp. 48 per cent, Eurytrema spp. 23.5 per cent, Moniezia spp. 8 per cent, Dictyocaulus spp. 3.5 per cent, Trichostrongylus spp. 12.4 per cent, and other species 26.8 per cent, respectively. In 33.4 per cent of ths cases, single infestation was seen and in 31.5 per cent, 18.0 per cent, and 14.0 per cnet mixed infestation of double, triple, and quadruple or more species were seen, respectively. Geographical analysis of infested helminths in the native cattle indicates: Among the trematoda order, Paramphistomum spp. and Fasciola spp. showed high rate of infestation throughout all districts of the country, especially Cheju island with a significant higher rate. Central district (Taejon) was higher in number of native cattle infested with Fasciola spp. than any other district of the country investigated. The rate of infestation with cestoda also showed to be higher in Cheju island than any other district of main land, but the rate of infestation with other nematoda showed no geographical difference.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda
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Paramphistomum spp.
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Fasciola spp.
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Eurytrema spp.
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Moniezia spp.
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Dictyocaulus spp.
;
Trichostrongylus spp.
;
epidemiology-cattle
3.Immunoelectrophoretic studies of several helminths.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1979;17(2):147-153
In an attempt to investigate the antigen-antibody relations and the value of immunodiagnosis for several helminths, Ouchterlony tests and immunoelectrophoreses were carried out. Taenia saginata, Cysticercus sp. of cestodes, Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum sp. of trematodes,and Ascaris suum of nematodes were used as antigens. On the other hand, antisera were obtained by injecting 0.5 ml each of the above antigens and the same amount of complete Freund's adjuvant into rabbits ten times at an interval of one week. The result obtained in this study are as follows: A larger number of precipitin arcs were demonstrated in homologous antigen-antibody reactions than in heterologous antigen-antibody reactions both in Ouchterlony tests and immunoelectrophoreses. Gross reactions were observed between the different species of the same class, but no cross reactions were noticed when the classes were different with one or two exceptions, such as between T. saginata, F. hepatica and A. suum. In A. suum, the difference between the male and female was more distinct in Ouchterlony test and immunoelectrophoresis than in the examination of organs such as genital organ and coeliac fluid. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed specific arcs and higher sensitive reaction than Ouchterlony test, and was considered to be a more valuable method for identifing species and immunological diagnosis.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda
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cestoda
;
nematoda
;
immunoelectrophoresis
;
Taenia saginata
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Cysticercus
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Clonorchis sinensis
;
Fasciola hepatica
;
Paramphistomum sp.
;
Ascaris suum
;
antigen
;
immunology
4.Studies on phosphatase activity in some parasitic helminths.
Chung Jai PARK ; Byong Seol SEO
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1967;5(3):115-124
In order to obtain some informations on the nature and relative activity of the phosphatases present in various helminths, biochemical studies have been made in thirteen kinds of worm parasites including the adults and larvae (Fasciola hepatica, Eurytrema pancreaticum, Paramphistomum sp., Taenia solium, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum, Diphyllobothrium mansoni, Cysticercus cellulosae, Cysticercus fasciolaris and Sparganum). A comparison based on the analysis of pH-activity curves was made among these helminths. The worm materials were mostly obtained alive from an abattoir and removed from the organs or tissues of the animal hosts naturally infected. Sparganum and Cysticercus cellulosae, however, are collected from the subcutaneous tissue of the patients by surgical removal. The worms thoroughly washed were weighed and transferred with 0.1 M Tris buffer to a chilled glass grinder (Capacity; 15 ml) and homogenized in the cold. The homogenate was centrifuged at 5000 RPM for 30 minutes. The supernatant was pipetted off for determination of the phosphatase activity. Incubation mixtures consisted of 1 ml substrate, 1 ml buffer and 0.5ml extract. The buffers used were Tris (Hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and citric acid monohydrate and the substrate was paranitrophenyl phosphate (1 gm/25 ml). These mixtures were incubated at the temperature of 37 C for 30 minutes in water bath. The absorbance or transferance of mixture was determined colorimetrically by "Spectronic 20 "spectrophotometer at 410 nm against a distilled water blank. The amount of phenol liberated was then calculated from a standard curve using phenol solutions. Controls consisted of unincubated mixtures. The results were deducted from this experiment. The phosphatase activity occurred over all parasitic helminths used in this experiment. In trematodes, pH-activity curves have demonstrated two peaks of phosphatase activity in Fasciola hepatica and Paramphistomum species. However the acid phosphatase activity was predominantly found and the alkaline phosphatase activity was found distinctly to be low in all three species. In Eurytrema pancreaticum, the pH-activity curves displayed two peaks in acid phosphatase activity, one at pH 5.0 and the other pH 9.0. In cestodes, both alkaline and acid phosphatase activity displayed the pH optima 5.0 and 9.0 to 10.0 in the adult tapeworms. However, major activity in the adults is due to the alkaline phosphtases. In contrast to the adults, Cysticercus and sparganum showed the higher activity in acid phosphatases which predominates in the larvae. In all cases of nematodes, the pH optimum for acid phosphatase was 4.0 to 6.0. A preponderance of acid phosphatase activity was shown in the extract of intestine of Ascaris lumbricoides. The aspect that phosphatases are correlated with phosphorylated passage of substances through the cuticle of helminths and may also be involved in carbohydrate metabolism is discussed.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-cestoda
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Fasciola hepatica
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Eurytrema pancreaticum
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Paramphistomum sp.
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Taenia solium
;
Taenia pisiformis
;
Dipylidium caninum
;
Diphyllobothrium mansoni
;
Cysticercus cellulosae
;
Cysticercus fasciolaris
;
sparganum
;
alkaline phosphatase
;
acid phosphatase
;
biochemistry
5.Intestinal parasite survey in Seoul by stool examination at Hanyang University Hospital.
Duk Young MIN ; Myoung Hee AHN ; Kyung Min KIM ; Choon Won KIM
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1986;24(2):209-212
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of intestinal parasitic infection in Seoul area, Korea. During the period from June 1985 to July 1986, a total of 5,251 stool samples were collected in Department of Clinical Pathology, Hanyang University Hospital and examined by formalin-ether sedimentation technique once for helminth ova and protozoan cysts. The results were summerized as follows: The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminthes was 2.53 per cent ; and 1.43 per cent for Clonorchis sinensis, 0.7 per cent for Trichuris trichiura, 0.13 per cent for Metagonimus yokogawai, 0.06 per cent for hookworm, and 0.02 per cent for Ascaris lumbricoides, Diphyllobothrium latum and Hymenolepis nana, respectively. The overall cyst positive rate of intestinal protozoa was 1.07 per cent. Cyst positive rate was 0.06 per cent for Entamoeba histolytica and 0.13 per cent for Giardia lamblia, respectively. Higher prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was observed in male and in 21-50 year-old groups. The highest prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection was observed in 40th age group(3.4 per cent), and male (2.3 per cent) was more infected than female (0.7 per cent) in general.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda
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trematoda
;
cestoda
;
protozoa
;
epidemiology
;
Clonorchis sinensis
;
Trichuris trichiura
;
Metagonimus yokogawai
;
hookworm
;
Ascaris lumbricoides
;
Diphyllobothrium latum
;
Hymenolepis nana
;
Entamoeba histolytica
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Giardia lamblia
;
Entamoeba coli
;
Endolimax nana
6.Helminthes infections in the small intestine of stray dogs in Ejungbu City, Kyunggi Do, Kerea.
Seung Yull CHO ; Shin Yong KANG ; Yong Suk RYANG
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1981;19(1):55-59
One hundred and two stray dogs in Ejungbu City of Kyunggi-Do, Korea were examined to reveal out the degree of natural helminthic infection of small intestine. Helminthes were collected at autopsy, by scraping the intestinal contents. The collected worms were classified by their morphological characteristics. Out of 102 examined, 72 dogs were infected with any helminthes. The common helminthes were Dipylidium caninum (47 percent), Ancylostoma caninum (26 percent), Toxascaris leonina (16 percent) and Toxocara canis (13 percent). Taenia pisiformis (9 percent), Echinostoma hortense (4 percent), E. cinetorchis (2 percent), Spirometra mansoni (2 percent) were also found. One dog was incidentally found to be infected with Clonorchis sinensis. The prevalence of Toxascaris leonina was relatively high in this study over Toxocara canis, and its significance was discussed. Dogs were firstly described as the reservoir hosts of Echinostoma hortense and E. cinetorchis in Korea.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda
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cestoda
;
dog
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epidemiology
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morphology
;
Dipylidium caninum
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Ancylostoma caninum
;
Toxascaris leonina
;
Toxocara canis
;
Taenia pisiformis
;
Echinostoma hortense
;
Echinostoma cinetorchis
;
Spirometra mansoni
;
reservoir host
;
intermediate host
7.Studies on the parasitic helminths of Korea II. Parasites of the rat, Rattus norvegicus Erxl. in Seoul, with the description of Capillaria hepatica(Bancroft, 1893) Travassos, (1915).
Byong Seol SEO ; Han Jong RIM ; Chan Wuk LEE ; Joo Soo YOON
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1964;2(1):55-62
An investigation of the helminth parasites of house rat R. norvegicus Erxl. in Seoul has been carried on four years. A total of 325 rat was examined. Ten species of helminths were considered, of which 4 species were recored for the first time from Korea. The adult worm of Capillaria hepatica, the most common parasite of house rats in Seoul, was observed experimentally, and provided a more complete description of this worm.
parasitology
;
epidemiology
;
helminth
;
trematoda
;
nematoda
;
cestoda
;
Echinostoma hortense
;
Fibricola seoulensis
;
Taenia taeniaformis, Hymenolepis nana
;
Hymenolepis diminuta
;
Heterakis spumosa
;
Syphacia obvelata
;
Nippostrongylus muris
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Trichosomoides crassicauda
;
Capillaria hepatica
8.Studies on the metabolism of C(14)-proline in some parasitic helminths.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1964;2(3):159-164
A comparison of the absorption and incorporation of C(14)-proline into protein by the 7 kinds of helminth parasites is presented. The radioactivity of free amino acid fraction is greater than that of protein fraction in all the worms, and only a small amount of exogenous labeled proline is incorporated into tissue protein. In general, the pattern of C(14)-proline uptake and its incorporation into protein shows rapid linear increase during the period of 15 to 30 min and reaches the maximum at 60 min after incubation, and then the equilibrium state was maintained throughout further incubation.
parasitology-trematoda-cestoda-helminth
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Fasciola hepatica
;
Eurytrema pancreaticum
;
Metastrongylus longatus
;
Hymenolepis diminuta
;
Diphyllobothrium caninum
;
sparganum
;
sparganosis
;
metabolism
;
biochemistry
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radioactivity
;
amino acid
;
C(14)-proline
;
protein
9.Recent patterns of intestinal helminth infections among the residents in Taegu City, Korea.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1984;22(1):109-115
In order to estimate the recent pattens of intestinal helminth infections among the residents in Taege City, Korea, a survey based on discovery of helminth eggs by formalin-ether sedimentation and modified Graham's scotch-tape anal swab techniques, were performed during the period from March to September in 1983. A total of 1,697 fecal specimens were collected from 854 male and 843 female residents from 5 villages(Dong), each of whom were selected randomly to represent 1,000 persons referred to the census in 1982. Among the specimens examined, one or more species of helminth parasites were found in 473, revealing the overall positive rate of 27.9 pre cent. Of them, Trichuris trichiura was found most frequently, in 13.2 percent, followed by Enterobius vermicularis in 7.0 per cent. Hookworm was the least prevalent. The sex-specific rate of overall helminth infections was a little higher in females than in males, while in cases of Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai and Taenia species, the infection rates in males was higher than in females. T.trichiura was most prevalent in the 20~29 age group and showed about the same prevalence in males and females of all age groups. C. sinensis infection rate increased with age while those of Ascaris lumbricoides decreased. Single infections were 82.5 per cent of all positive cases. Of cource, T. trichiura revealed the highest prevalence in 31.7 per cent followed by E. vermicularis in 20.1 per cent and A. lumbricoides in 14.8 per cent. Of the double infections, the percentage of T. trichiura in combination with other intestinal helminths was higher than that of A. lumbricoides. It was concluded that although the infection rates of intestinal helminths among the residents in Taegu City, Korea is still high, eradication of these parasitic diseases seems to be possible with twice-a-year administration of specific anthelmintics, in combination with extensive public health education and improvement of the dietary life.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda
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epidemiology
;
Ascaris lumbricoides
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Clonorchis sinensis
;
Enterobius vermicularis
;
hookworm
;
Megtagonimus yokogawai
;
Taenia sp.
;
Trichostrongylus sp.
;
Trichuris trichiura
10.Status of intestinal parasitic infections in a remote island, Yondo, Jeonranam-do(province).
Gi Soo GOO ; Duk Young MIN ; Myoung Hee AHN ; Kyong Min KIM ; Mi Hyea LEEM ; Hak Sun YOON
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 1988;26(4):275-284
This study was performed to observe the present status of intestinal parasitic infections in a remote island, Yondo, located in southern part of Jeonranam-do(province), Korea. In February and May 1988, total 1,011 individual stool samples were collected and examined for intestinal helminths and protozoa using formalin-ether centrifugal sedimentation technique. The results are summarized as follows: Of 1,011 ingabitants examined, 398(39.4%) were positive for intestinal parasites. Helminth positives were 372(36.8%), and protozoan cyst positives were 56(5.5%). Ten species of parasites were found. Trichuris trichiura revealed the highest infection rate of 27.5%, Ascaris lumbricoides 17.4%, Taenia sp. 5.8%, Entamoeba coli 3.3%, Giardia lamblia 1.5%, Endolimax nana 0.8%, Hymenolepis nana 0.4%, hookworm 0.2%, Trichostrongylus orientalis 0.2%, and Entamoeba histolytica 0.2%, respectively. The female group showed higher positive rate (44.0%) than males (34.7%). Also, higher positive rates were observed among adults as compared with the group younger than 10 years old. Average value of E.P.G. was 1,876(range 200-17,800) in A. lumbricoides positives, and 327(range 200-1,600) in T. trichiura positive cases. In helminth egg positive cases, single infection was 63.4%, double infection 34.7%, and triple infection 1.9%, respectively. Among protozoan cyst positives, single infection was 94.6%, and double infection was 5.4%. The present study revealed that the prevalence of intestinal parasites among inhabitants in Yondo island is still so high that special control measures should be performed.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda
;
cestoda-nematoda-protozoa
;
epidemiology
;
Ascaris lumbricoides
;
Taenia sp.
;
Entamoeba coli
;
Giardia lamblia
;
Endolimax nana
;
hookworm
;
Trichostrongylus orientalis
;
Entamoeba histolytica