Introduction: Atopic eczema (AE) is a common infammatory skin dermatosis that is increasing in prevalence. However, it can present in various clinical presentations, which leads to challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of the condition, especially in a primary care setting. Te Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Atopic Eczema was developed by a multidisciplinary development group and approved by the Ministry of Health Malaysia in 2018. It covers the aspects of diagnosis, severity assessment, treatment, and referral.

Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis caused by Propionibacterium acnes. Clinicians are constantly attempting to discover the best antibiotic regimes in treating acne vulgaris. This study compares two regimens in terms of efficacy, tolerability, compliance and recurrence rate to make recommendation on which is the best regime. Methods: An open-labelled prospective randomized investigator-blinded interventional study was carried on moderate acne vulgaris patients. Patients were assigned to treatment arm at enrolment followed by follow-up and maintenance visits. Demographic data were collected at enrolment and questionnaire enquiring acne condition, general health and quality of life impairment were filled at every visit followed by blinded dermatologist assessment. Antibiotic tablets were provided based on assigned arm until follow-up 3. Results: 26 mild acne vulgaris patients aged 17 to 29 years were recruited. Physician assessment based on GAGS and photo assessment analysis showed an overall significant change (p<0.05) with decreasing trend indicating that the treatment is statistically effective. However, no significant differences (p>0.05) were found between regimens. Similarly, patient self-perceived assessment and CADI assessment also showed overall significant changes (p<0.05) with increasing trend indicating improvement in acne condition but no significant differences (p<0.05) between regimens. Conclusion: Neither regimen were significantly more efficacious than another. In view of cost, oral azithromycin 500mg daily for consecutive 4 days monthly is suggested as a better option.

Objectives: High rates of syphilis have been reported worldwide among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aims to describe the clinical pattern and treatment response of syphilis among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected MSM in Malaysia. Methods: This is a retrospective study on all HIV-infected MSM with syphilis between 2011 and 2015. Data was collected from case notes in five centres namely Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Hospital Umum Sarawak, University of Malaya Medical Centre and Hospital Sungai Buloh. Results: A total of 294 HIV seropositive MSM with the median age of 29 years (range 16-66) were confirmed to have syphilis. Nearly half (47.6%) were in the age group of 20-29 years. About a quarter (24.1%) was previously infected with syphilis. Eighty-three patients (28.2%) had other concomitant sexually transmitted infection with genital warts being the most frequently reported (17%). The number of patients with early and late syphilis in our cohort were almost equal. The median pre-treatment non-treponemal antibody titre (VDRL or RPR) for early syphilis (1:64) was significantly higher than for late syphilis (1:8) (p<0.0001). The median CD4 count and the number of patients with CD4 <200/μl in early syphilis were comparable to late syphilis. Nearly four-fifth (78.9%) received benzathine-penicillin only, 5.8% doxycycline, 1.4% Cpenicillin, 1% procaine penicillin, and 12.4% a combination of the above medications. About 44% received treatment and were lost to follow-up. Among those who completed 1 -year follow-up after treatment, 72.3% responded to treatment (serological non-reactive – 18.2%, four-fold drop in titre – 10.9%; serofast – 43.6%), 8.5% failed treatment and 17% had re-infection. Excluding those who were re-infected, lost to follow-up and died, the rates of treatment failure were 12.1% and 8.8% for early and late syphilis respectively (p=0.582) Conclusion: The most common stage of syphilis among MSM with HIV was latent syphilis. Overall, about 8.5% failed treatment at 1-year follow-up.