Objective To explore the changes of intereferon-?(IFN-?)and interleukin-4(IL-4)in peripheral blood of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) encephalitis at the acute phase.Methods The peripheral blood concentrations of IFN-? and IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 24 cases of children with MP encephalitis at the acute stage.The samples from 24 cases of healthy children were control group.Twenty-four children with MP encephalitis were intravenous drip with azithromycin,at the same time,10 cases received hexadecadrol and 15 cases received gamma globulin.Results The serum concentrations of IFN-? and IL-4 in the mycoplasmal encephalitis group were(98.56?12.93) and(45.55?17.58) ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in control group [(85.35?6.91) and(26.78?9.89) ng/L] respectively(Pa

The zinc chloride and cystine resistant strain of S.cerevisiae YZM-14(ZnCl2r,Cysr) was screened with the mutant processing of the protoplast of S.cerevisiae by combinative mutagens of ultraviolet and nitrite.The glutathione(GSH) production(84.72 mg/L),dry cell weight(7.63 g/L) and the intracellular GSH content(11.10 mg/g) of YZM-14 were 2.79,1.63 and 1.71 times compared with that of the initial strain.The biosynthetic process of GSH was divided into three phases according to the time course of the specific cell growth rate and GSH yielding coefficient.In the second phase,the metabolic flux of the pentose phosphate pathway and the GSH precursors biosynthetic pathway of the mutant strain increased by 8.1 mmol/(g?h),compared with that of the initial strain.Furthermore,the metabolic flux of the organic acids secretion of the mutant strain decreased.Through these mechanisms,the utilization efficiency of the carbon sources was enhanced and high production of GSH was obtained.

Objective:Atherosclerosis of the carotid artery is the main cause and risk factor of ischemic cerebral infarction.We aim to evaluate the relation between acute ischemic cerebral infarction and the carotid atherosclerosis plaque.Methods: The distribution,shape,number and echoic features of the carotid atherosclerosis plaques confirmed by MRI diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) were analyzed by color Doppler ultrasonography in 90 patients with acute ischemic cerebral infarction(Group A) and 82 controls(Group B).Results: The positive rate of acute cerebral ischemic infarction was significantly higher in Group A(76.7%) than in Group B(32.9%,P

In order to investigate the effect of malic enzyme on anaerobic mixed acid fermentation,the gene encoding NAD+-dependent malic enzyme was amplified from E.coli DH5? genome by using PCR and cloned into vector pTrc99a to give an expression vector pTrc99a-sfcA.Malic enzyme was overproduced by E.coli FMJ39(ldh,pfl)harboring pTrc99a-sfcA under the condition of IPTG induction.The results of anaerobic fermentation indicated overexpression of malic enzyme would have influence on the pathway of formate,acetate and succinate of FMJ39.The concentration of formate and acetate was 17.58% and 15.27% higher than FMJ39,the succinate concentration was reduced by 26.87%.There was no obvious citrate concentration change.The experimental results also indicated that high concentration of L-Thr and L-Ser would induce the Tdc operon to convert pyruvate into formate and acetate even when pfl gene encoding the pyruvate formate lyase was inactivated.

BACKGROUND:Knowledge of retropedtoneal space communications might influence catheter placement,and understanding the normal anatomy of the retroperitoneal space is a prerequisite for predicting the distribution of inflammation or other fluid collections in this region. Until recent years,the media/ attachment of the posterior renal fascia remained controversial. The multiple detector spiral CT can show the abdominal anatomic details. So,using the multiple-detector spiral CT to study the anatomy of posterior renal fascia has clinical significance. OBJECTIVE:To describe the medial attachment of the posterior renal fascia by using multiple-detector spiral CT. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A retrospective case analysis was performed at Department of Radiology,Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College between June 2003 and November 2007. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 52 patients with retropedtoneal inflammatory diseases were retrospectively reviewed through analysis of their CT data. METHODS:Toshiba Akuilion 16-detector spiral CT was employed for scanning. Of the 52 patients,15 were proved by clinical and laboratory findings and 37 were proved by surgery and pathology. Among the 52 patients,17 suffered from appendicitis,1 from ureteritis,2 from abscesses in the perirenal space,3 from abscesses in the posterior pararenal space,and 29 from pancreatltis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Medial attachment of the bilateral posterior renal fascia. RESULTS:At the level of the upper pole of kidney,the posterior renal fascia fused with the fascia of the ipsilateral quadratus lumborum muscle. Forty-six patients manifested the attachment site of the left posterior renal fascia transforming from the quadratus lumborum muscle fasciae to the psoas major muscle fascia at the level of the lower pole of kidney or the infrarenal space. Fifty patients showed the attachment site of the right posterior renal fascia transforming from the quadratus lumborum muscle fascia to the psoas major muscle fascia at the level of the lower pole of kidney or the infrarenal space. CONCLUSION:The posterior renal fascia attachment site is not the same all the time. At different levels,the attachment site of the posterior renal fascia is distinct.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-200 a mimic on transforming growth factor β1-mediated acti-vation and collagen secretion of rat pancreatic stellate cells .Methods PSCs were isolated and cultured from pan-creatic tissue and identified by desmin , GFAP and α-SMA immunofluorescence staining .PSCs of 2nd generation were divided into control group , TGF-β1 group, TGF-β1+miR-NC group and TGF-β1+miR-200a mimic group.α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ protein were measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining .The mRNA ofα-SMA and collagen Ⅰ and the expression of miR-200a were detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Results TGF-β1 stimulates the activation of PSCs and promote collagen synthesis in time-dependment manner ( P<0.05 ) . After transfection of the mimic , treating with the same concentration of TGF-β1, the expressions of protein and mR-NA of both α-SMA and collagen Ⅰ decreases significantly ( P<0.01 ) .Conclusions Over-expression of miR-200 a significantly attenuates α-SMA activity and further affects the collagen synthesis of TGF-β1-dependent activa-tion of PSCs.The mechanisms are potentially related to the biological effects of TGF-β1.

Objective To explore the expression of peripheral T cell subgroup (CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+CD25 high regulatory T cells) and the level and significance of serum cytokines in patients with silicosis.Methods One hundred and six cases patients with silicosis were collected in the Fifth People''s Hospital of Suzhou as study subjects and 56 healthy subjects as control group.Flow cytometry was used to detect the peripheral CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+CD25 high regulatory T cells (Treg) of the patients and the control group,while chemiluminescence immunoassay was utilized to measure the peripheral serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R),interleukin 6 (IL-6),interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).Results (1) The percentages of peripheral CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ in the silicosis group were all lower than those in the control group (t=3.755,3.828,2.347,P<0.05);the percentage of Treg cells was higher in the silicosis group than in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=-8.345,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,based on the one-way analysis of variance,the differences in CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+CD25 high cells were all statistically significant (F=5.620,8.007,26.71,P<0.05);in the silicosis group,the percentage of CD4+ T cells was lower in stage III than in stage I (t=3.424,P<0.05);compared with the control group,the percentages of Treg cells in the silicosis group were lower in all stages (t=-7.934,-9.445,-5.096,P<0.05).(2) The levels of peripheral sIL-2R,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in the silicosis group were higher than those in the control group,the difference were statistically significant(t=-6.952,-4.506,-2.551,-5.670,P<0.05);compared with the control group,based on the one-way analysis of variance,the differences in sIL-2R,IL-6 and TNF-α in all stages were statistically significant (F=11.03,11.31,13.22,P<0.0001);the sIL-2R was higher in patients with stage III silicosis than that of stage I (t=-2.882,P<0.05);IL-6 was significantly higher in stage II and III silicosis group than that of stage I group (t=-3.022,-2.632,P<0.05),and TNF-α was higher in patients with stage II silicosis than patients with stage I silicosis (t=-2.322,P<0.05).(3) The level of peripheral Treg cells was negatively correlated with the percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ cells in patients with silicosis (r=-0.357,-0.508,P<0.05);sIL-R2 was positively correlated with IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α,respectively (r=0.483,0.199,0.392,P<0.05);TNF-α was positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-8,respectively (r=0.338,0.338,P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with silicosis have abnormal expression in peripheral T cell subgroups,significantly increased Treg cell and dysfunctional cytokines,which may be associated with the pathogenesis of silicosis,the detection of these indicators may have significance of diagnosis,staging,disease monitoring and prognosis of the diseases.

BACKGROUND: Adequate preparation of donors and recipients prior to living-related donor renal transplantation, short warm and cold ischemia time for donor kidney, good histocompatibility of human leukocyte antigen match, and low postoperative rejection incidence provide feasibility for use of low-dose immunosuppressive agents after living-related donor renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of low-dose calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), an immunosuppressive agent, in living-related donor renal transplantation. METHODS: A total of 38 recipients who underwent living-related donor renal transplantation at the Center of Renal Transplantation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2006 to June 2008 were randomized for treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (750 mg twice a day), prednisone, and either standard-dose CNI (n=18) or low-dose CNI (n=20) during 12 months post-transplantation. Ciclosporin A was given orally (starting dose, 6 and 4 mg/kg per day, respectively) in two divided doses to achieve the 12-hour whole blood concentration as measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The starting dose of tacrolimus was 0.12 and 0.08 mg/kg per day respectively, and its whole blood concentration was measured by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique. After transplantation, patients were followed up. Renal function, pulmonary infection, liver dysfunction, and CNI nephrotoxicity at different time periods were compared between different regimens. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During 12 months post-transplantation, patient death occurred in one of 18 patients (5.6%) in the CNI standard-dose group and none of 20 patients (0%) in the CNI low-dose group. There was no significant difference in renal function and acute rejection between CNI standard-dose and CNI low-dose groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of liver dysfunction and CNI nephrotoxicity was significantly lower in the CNI low-dose group than in the CNI standard-dose group (P < 0.05). In addition, a low-dose CNI regimen helped recipients to lessen the economic burdens. These findings indicate that it is effective, safe and economical to use a low-dose CNI regimen in living-related donor renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect,safety,and advantage of flexible fixation with paperboard and pad versus short leg plaster in treating the fifth metatarsal base fracture,and establish the standard of diagnosis and treatment of the fifth metatarsal base fractures in flexible fixation with paperboard and pad.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to March 2013,59 patients with the fifth metatarsal base fracture were treated with paperboard and pad fixation or short leg plaster. Patients were enrolled and divided into paperboard and pad treatment group (paperboard group) and short leg plaster treatment group (plaster group) randomly according to the random number table. In paperboard group,there were 29 cases including 9 males and 20 females with an average age of (51.79±11.40) years old; the average course of injury was (11.59±6.58) hours. In plaster group, there were 30 cases including 9 males and 21 females with an average age of (52.13+17.34) years old ;the average course of injury was (11.03±7.06) hours. According to whether the fracture line across the articular surface, in paperboard group there were 14 cases of type A,15 of type B; in plaster group,16 of type A, 14 of type B. According to the degree of dislocation,in paperboard group there were 16 cases of degree I ,13 of degree II ; in plaster group,20 were degree I ,10 were degree II. Fracture was restored according to the type in manual. Patients in paperboard group were treated with paperboard and pad, and patients in plaster group were treated with short leg plaster. Fracture was fixed for 4 to 6 weeks according to fracture healing. On the 2nd, 4th,6th, 8th week and 3rd, 6th month after fixation, patients were followed up, and the foot function score was used to evaluate the function of injured foot. X-ray of injured foot was taken on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week were used to assess fracture healing.

RESULTSAll patients got complete follow-up. The X-ray result showed that all fracture reached at clinical healing on the 8th week after fixation without skin ulcer,nonunion and displacement of fracture. From the 4th to 8th week after fixation, paperboard group had a higher X-ray score than plaster group, but the difference between two groups had no statistically significance. Repeated analysis result showed that there was interact at different time point and between groups,the difference had statistically significance (P<0.01). The foot function score showed that at all time point, paperboard group had a higher score than plaster group, and on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th week, it had statistically significant difference(P<0.01) between two groups. On the 6th months after fixation,the excellent and good rate of paperboard group was 93.10%, higher than that of plaster group, which was 86.67%. But it had no statistically difference(P=0.483) between two groups.

CONCLUSIONUsing paperboard and pad fixation to treat the fifth metatarsal base fracture has the advantage of simplicity operating,reliable fixation, satisfactory effects, easily obtainable material.

Adult ; Aged ; Casts, Surgical ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND:Failure rate is higher in patients with osteonecrosis of femoral head than in osteoarthritis patients after primary total hip arthroplasty, especial y acetabular prosthesis. Bone mineral density around the prosthesis is a key factor for quality of life of the prosthesis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the difference in periprosthetic bone mineral density between patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head and osteoarthritis patients and the exact location of differences after primary total hip arthroplasty. METHODS:Fifty patients with osteonecrosis of femoral head and fifty osteoarthritis patients were enrol ed in this study. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry examination was used to compare bone mineral density 5 years after total hip arthroplasty. In accordance with De Lee’s and Charnley’s methods, images of acetabulum were divided. The bone mineral density of different areas of the acetabulum was compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Periprosthetic bone mineral density:Bone mineral density in the lower part and upper part of the acetabulum was significantly lower in the osteonecrosis group than in the osteoarthritis group (P<0.05). No significant difference in bone mineral density in the middle of the acetabulum was detected between the two groups. (2) Results confirmed that the bone mineral density in the lower and the upper parts of the acetabular component was significantly lower in patients with osteonecrosis of femoral head than in patients with osteoarthritis.