Bodily Secretions ; virology ; Humans ; Pharynx ; virology ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; virology ; Respiratory System ; virology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin in incised wound of rat's skin and injury time. METHODS: The wounding model was established by cutting the dorsal skin of 48 adult SD rats. The rats were sacrificed at the pre-set injury time as immediately, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 8 h. The skin samples were taken at the margin of wound. The expression of the EIIIA? fibronectin was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting and the relationship be- tween its expression and injury time was observed. Results The expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin was not observed immediately. The basal cell of skin began to show positive expression 0.5 h after injury. With the extension of injury time, positive staining became stronger. The value of relative optical density was gradually increased with prolonged injury time by the Western blotting analysis. CONCLUSION The expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin could be used for estimation of injury time in the early stage of skin injury.
Animals ; Fibronectins/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proteins/metabolism* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin/metabolism* ; Staining and Labeling ; Time Factors

Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) is a NAD-dependent class III histone deacetylase (HDAC), and regulates pulmonary immune/inflammatory system and the aging process mainly through post-translational modification. Sirt1 could become a potential target for treatment of lung diseases due to participating in the development of a variety of lung diseases. In this paper, physiological characteristics, biological activities, modification regulations and its relationship with chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, asthma and lung cancer are reviewed.
Animals ; Asthma ; metabolism ; Benzamides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Naphthols ; pharmacology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; Sirtuin 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; physiology ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the role of NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 cancer-testis antigens as targets for immunotherapy and the relationship between corresponding gene expression and biologic behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSThe expression of NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 was studied in frozen tumor tissues from 30 cases of HCC by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. NY-ESO-1 expression and its distribution were further studied by immunohistochemistry in a tissue array contained 191 cases of HCC.

RESULTSNY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 mRNAs were expressed in 33.3% (10/30) and 16.7% (5/30) of HCC respectively. Either NY-ESO-1 or LAGE-1 was expressed in 36.7% (11/30) cases. NY-ESO-1 was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. It was positive in 13.8% (24/174) cases of HCC. There was an increased expression of NY-ESO-1 from 6.8%, 3/44 in small HCC, 16.2%, 21/130 in advanced HCC and 23.1%, 12/52 in metastatic HCC. The expression in the non-metastatic group was 9.8% (12/122). The differences between the metastatic group and non-metastatic group (< 0.05) and between normal liver tissue and HCC (< 0.01) were statistically significant. There was no relationship between NY-ESO-1 expression and tumor size. NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 were not detected in adjacent normal liver tissue.

CONCLUSIONSNY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 are expressed in a high percentage of HCC, especially in cases with metastasis. It is thus possible that NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 can serve as targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy in HCC and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccination may be of use for patients with advanced HCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Antigens, Surface ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Currently, about 300 million people worldwide are affected by asthma. Most of these sufferers inhale immunosuppressants (ie corticosteroids) and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists for their asthma treatment. However, about 5%-10% of patients of asthma have poor response to such treatment. Investigation of kinase signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factor as a target molecule in the treatment of allergic asthma has been the concern of scholars home and abroad. This paper reviewed inhibitors of kinase signaling pathway and nuclear transcription factors for the treatment of asthma.
Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; Humans ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors ; antagonists & inhibitors

Morphine is a widely used opioid analgesic, but great individual differences in response to morphine such as sensitivity to analgesia and susceptibility to tolerance, which due to chronic morphine treatment, are great challenges for clinicians to optimize treatment strategy. Genetic factors play an important role in individual variability to morphine treatment. Individual responses to morphine are influenced by various gene-encoded-proteins implied in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Variants of P-glycoprotein encoding gene ABCB1 regulate transportation and distribution of morphine and affect analgesic effect. Diversity in UDP-glucuronosyl transferase encoding gene UGT2B7, whose encoding product catalyzing morphine to glycosylated metabolites contribute to different response to morphine in a pharmacokinetic way. Nevertheless, variants in μ-opioid receptor encoding gene OPRM1 and catechol-O-methyltransferase encoding gene COMT regulate morphine-induced downstream signaling and influence morphine analgesia in a pharmacodynamic way. It is necessary to employ individuals with more complex genetic diversity and screen in a larger scope through a more comprehensive system to find the key genes involved in individual differences of morphine analgesia in future research. Elucidating the association between genetic variability and individual differences will help to figure out the mechanism of pharmacogenetic regulation in morphine analgesia. It will provide basis for personalized and accurate utility of morphine or even combining with gene therapy to improve the analgesic effect.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy between synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) and pressure support ventilation with volume guarantee (PSV+VG) in the weaning phase of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

METHODSForty preterm infants with RDS who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between March 2016 and May 2017 were enrolled as subjects. All infants were born at less than 32 weeks' gestation and received mechanical ventilation. These patients were randomly and equally divided into SIMV group and PSV+VG group in the weaning phase. Ventilator parameters, arterial blood gas, weaning duration (from onset of weaning to extubation), duration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) after extubation, extubation failure rate, the incidence rates of pneumothorax, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and the mortality rate were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe PSV+VG group had significantly decreased mean airway pressure, weaning duration, duration of NCPAP after extubation, and extubation failure rate compared with the SIMV group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in arterial blood gas, mortality, or incidence rates of pneumothorax, PDA and BPD between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFor preterm infants with RDS, the PSV+VG mode may be a relatively safe and effective mode in the weaning phase. However, multi-center clinical trials with large sample sizes are needed to confirm the conclusion.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two citalopram preparations .Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers were randomly divided into two groups , whose plasma concentrations of citalopram were determined by UPLC -MS/MS method after single oral dose of 20 mg.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.1.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of citalopram in test and reference preparations were as follows:tmax were (4.14 ±3.10), (3.53 ±2.05 ) h; Cmax were ( 32.46 ±8.29 ), ( 34.55 ±7.05 ) ng? mL-1;t1/2 were ( 46.99 ±10.72 ) , ( 42.91 ±8.23 ) h; AUC0-t were (1379.83 ±301.72), (1455.61 ±349.93) ng? h? mL-1, respective-ly.The relative bioavailability of citalopram was ( 96.00 ±13.10 )%. Conclusion The method was proved to be accurate , rapid and sensitive;citalopram in the test preparations was bioequivalent to the reference .

OBJECTIVETo establish a mouse model of iron overload by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran and investigate the impact of iron overload on bone marrow hematopoiesis.

METHODSA total of 40 C57BL/6 mice were divided into control group, low-dose iron group (12.5 mg/ml), middle-dose iron group (25 mg/ml), and high-dose iron group (50 mg/ml). The control group received normal saline (0.2 ml), and the rest were injected with intraperitoneal iron dextran every three days for six weeks. Iron overload was confirmed by observing the bone marrow, hepatic, and splenic iron deposits and the bone marrow labile iron pool. In addition, peripheral blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells were counted and the hematopoietic function was assessed.

RESULTSIron deposits in bone marrow, liver, and spleen were markedly increased in the mouse models. Bone marrow iron was deposited mostly within the matrix with no significant difference in expression of labile iron pool.Compared with control group, the ability of hematopoietic colony-forming in three interventional groups were decreased significantly (P<0.05). Bone marrow mononuclear cells counts showed no significant difference. The amounts of peripheral blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and hemoglobin) in different iron groups showed no significant difference among these groups;although the platelets were decreased slightly in low-dose iron group [(780.7±39.60)×10(9)/L], middle dose iron group [(676.2±21.43)×10(9)/L], and high-dose iron group [(587.3±19.67)×10(9)/L] when compared with the control group [(926.0±28.23)×10(9)/L], there was no significant difference(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe iron-overloaded mouse model was successfully established by intraperitoneal administration of iron dextran. Iron overload can damage the hepatic, splenic, and bone marrow hematopoietic function, although no significant difference was observed in peripheral blood count.

Animals ; Bone Marrow ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hematopoiesis ; drug effects ; Iron Overload ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Iron-Dextran Complex ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Spleen ; drug effects

Objective To explore the factors that affect the excretion rate of methotrexate and the occurrence of adverse reactions in high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy for osteosarcoma patients.Methods Retrospectively analyzed methotrexate excretion,liver injury,kidney injury,bone marrow suppression and other adverse drug reactions in 97 high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy cycles of 28 patients with osteosarcoma.The concentration of methotrexate in the blood at 0,24,48,72 h and the level of white protein in the blood were also analyzed.Results When the peak concentration of methotrexate(0h,Cmax)≥700 μmol·L-1 the risk of excretion delay increases:the incidence was 23.21％in group with Cmax ≥ 700 μmol·L-1,and it was 5.00％in group with Cmax＜700 μmol·L-1,(P＜0.05),but when the peak concentration was≥1 000 μmol·L-1,the risk of delayed excretion did not increase further:the incidence was 16.00％in group with Cmax 1 000 μmol·L-1,and it was 15.49％in group with Cmax＜1 000 μmol·L-1,(P＞0.05).Methotrexate blood Cmax has no significant correlation with the occurrence of important adverse reactions such as liver injury and bone marrow suppression.There was significant correlation between low serum albumin level and bone marrow suppression in patients.The average albumin level in group with bone marrow suppression was(39.1±3.4)g·L-1,which in without bone marrow suppression group was(41.2±4.0)g·L-1(P＜0.05).Conclusion During high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma,delayed excretion and adverse reactions should not be prevented by lowering the peak concentration.The albumin level of patients is an important factor affecting the occurrence of bone marrow suppression.