Migration ; seconds ; Proximal ; Cysts

Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is one of the most widely used family planning methods. Although considered to be generally safe, it can be associated with problems such as missing IUCD. There have been many reports of isolated missing IUCD but reports of two missing IUCDs in the same patient are very rare. We report the case of a 35-year-old lady with such an occurrence that was diagnosed incidentally on a routine kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB) radiography.
Complications ; Contraception ; Intrauterine Device Migration

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube has been used to provide long-term nutritional support for patients who are unable to maintain sufficient oral intake. Buried bumper syndrome (BBS) is an uncommon complication of PEG tube insertion that can be associated with serious complications. We report a case an 82-year-old man who presented with BBS that occurred eight months after PEG tube insertion. The migrated PEG tube was removed and fortunately, the patient's swallowing had improved to allow sufficient oral intake. Clinicians should consider BBS in any patients with PEG tube who present with difficulty with feeding or tube blockage.
Complications ; Foreign-Body Migration ; Endoscopy ; Gastrostomy

Mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) and the non-recombining region of the Y chromosome are passed down, unaltered, from generation to generation, matrilineally and patrilineally, respectively. Therefore, the Y-chromosome DNA and mtDNA are known as lineage markers, and they play important roles in studies based on human migration and evolutionary history. Y-chromosome DNA is used in forensic analysis to identify individuals involved in cases of sexual assault. In this paper, we review the methods of statistical evaluation of lineage markers used in forensic identification. We also review the combined approach of autosomal and lineage marker evidence.
DNA ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Human Migration ; Y Chromosome

The migration and distribution pattern of spargana in mouse body was observed after experimental infection through mouth. The spargana were obtained from the snake, Natrix tigrina lateralis, caught in Hoengseong-gun, Kangwon-do. A total of 28 male mice (ICR strain), 21-25g in body weight, were fed each with 5 scolices (and necks) of spargana and killed after 10 minutes to 14 days. Systemic autopsy was performed on each mouse to recover the spargana. The results are as follows: The spargana were found to penetrate into the stomach or duodenal wall of mice as early as 10 minutes after infection. They completed the penetration within 30 minutes and appeared in abdominal cavity. It was observed that spargana did not migrate tangentially along the gut wall but directly perforated the wall. After 1 hour to 1 day the majority of spargana distributed in abdominal cavity of mice except few which migrated to muscles or subcutaneous tissues. It was within 7 days that nearly all of the spargana migrated to subcutaneous tissues. Out of total 28 in number found from subcutaneous tissues, 13 distributed around neck region, 12 around trunk and other 3 on head of mice and the most common sites were submandibular and subscapular areas. There was nearly no host tissue reaction to migrating spargana. The initial length of spargana given was 4 mm in average but it increased to 12 mm after 7 days and to 35 mm after 14 days. The results suggest that spargana orally given to mice penetrate the gut wall within 30 minutes followed by escaping into abdominal cavity, and after passing through thoracic cavity or abdominal wall they finally localize in subcutaneous tissues chiefly around neck region within 7 days.
parasitology-helminth-cestoda ; sparganosis ; sparganum ; mouse ; migration

migration of the mandibular third molar without cystic lesion is unknown. So periodical X-ray taking is essential.]]>
Mandible ; Molar ; Molar, Third ; Tooth Migration

Mice were infected by feeding the embryonated eggs of Toxocara canis and Ascaris lumbricoides. Each mouse was killed daily for a week and then at several days interval after infection and the distribution of larvae in the various tissues of mice was investigated after the macerating the tissues and digesting with artificial gastric juice. It was confirmed that the migratory behaviour of larvae of T. canis and A. lumbricoides is referred to as the somatic and tracheal type of migration in the mice respectively. Toxocara larvae were found in the carcass on the third day after infection and in the brain after the sixth day of infection. From the thirty-fifth day to the seventy-sixth day after infection, Toxocara larvae were not found in the tissues of mice except in the carcass and brain and they did not develop further than the second-stage larvae. The size of Ascaris larvae, from the embryonated eggs was 0.228-0.271 mm length by 0.010-0.013 mm width and in the third day of infection the size of larvae was 0.271-0.343 mm length by 0.017-0.020 mm width. Between the fifth and tenth day after infection, lavrae molted twice in the lungs and grew to the fouth-stage larvae; 1.357-2.0 mm by 0.034-0.071 mm. These larvae migrated to the intestinal canal after the tenth day of infection and disappeared from the mouse after the twenty-fifth day of infection. No larvae were found in the carcass and brain. The inflammatory reactions in the tissues of infected mice were also observed.
: parasitology-helminth-nematode-Toxocara cani ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; mouse ; migration ; animal

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) on the proliferative and migratory effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in retinal pigment epithelial cells. METHODS: After exposure to 10 nM, 1 micrometer, or 100 micrometer TA for four days, with or without co-exposure of antioxidant N-acetylcyteine, the proliferation and nitrite production of ARPE19 cells were assessed with MTT and Griess assays, respectively. Additionally, a cell migration assay was performed. RESULTS: Cellular survival increased after exposure to TA at low concentration but decreased at high concentration. TA decreased the production of NO and cellular migration significantly, and these effects were abolished by N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS: TA showed a biphasic response on the proliferation and decreased cellular migration in ARPE19 cells, which may be mediated by nitric oxide.
Cell Migration Assays ; Nitric Oxide ; Retinaldehyde ; Triamcinolone ; Triamcinolone Acetonide

Metallic fixations devices are widely used in the surgical management of fractures and dislocations of shoulder. It is known that Kirschner wire (K-wire) may migrate into the thoracic cavity or other organs may occur. We report a case in which a K-wire previously placed in the clavicle migrated into the thoracic cavity without causing any trauma to the major vascular structures and was removed successfully by thoracoscopic surgery.
Clavicle ; Dislocations ; Foreign-Body Migration ; Shoulder ; Thoracic Cavity* ; Thoracoscopy*

A single-rod subdermal contraceptive implant is usually located around the insertion site, has been usually known to migrate within less than 2 cm of the insertion site and the true migration over 2 cm has been rarely reported. We report a case of migrated radiopaque subdermal contraceptive implant into lung in a 37-year-old woman. On conducted chest computed tomography, subdermal contraceptive implant was in subsegmental branch in left posterior basal segment of lung. Removal of subdermal contraceptive implant in left posterior basal segment of lung by mini-thoracotomy was performed by a chest surgeon. Complications with insertion and removal of subdermal contraceptive implant are rare in the hands of medical professionals familiar with the techniques and these procedures should only be undertaken by those with relevant training. The migration over 2 cm should not occur if the correct subdermal insertion procedure is followed and carried out by a properly trained individual.
Adult ; Female ; Foreign-Body Migration ; Hand ; Humans ; Lung* ; Thorax