The herbs used as the material for traditional Chinese medicine are mostly planted at mountain areas where there is appropriate weather condition. Due to the complex terrain condition in mountain area, the planting at such places is always associated with a scattered pattern, which inevitably bring difficulty to the work of accurate measurement for the planting area. Advanced research about monitoring the planting area for medicine-herb under complex environmental condition is so critical and meaningful for developing the medicine-herb planting to a large scale and an industry. Therefore, this research, taking the planting of Herpetospermum pedunculosum in Luding county as an example, utilizes RS&GIS: using the image data from TM and ETM datum as the remote sensing information source, integrating GPS data from quadrat survey on the spots, and analyzing on a GIS platform, to extract the planting area of H. pedunculosum in Luding county. The results indicate that: (1) the method and technology used to estimate the planting area of H. pedunculosum are feasible and can be applied to monitoring the planting area of medicine-herb at mountain area under complex environmental conditions: (2) the planting area of H. pedunculosum in Luding county is estimated to be 857. 246 acres by the methods utilized in this research, which is closed to the value from local statistical data with an error range less than 5%; (3) in consideration of those inevitable errorrs generating from the procedures such as remote sensing data acquisition, data preprocessing, data interpretation, and so on, and the fact that the classification of remote sensing data, which must be implemented by those above procedures, was used directly to extract the herb type, the accuracy of area estimation for the herb is significantly influenced by the accuracy of classification for herb type, and the estimated area is inevitably associated with some error.
China ; Cucurbitaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Geographic Information Systems ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Remote Sensing Technology ; methods

Objective To evaluate the short term effect of bipolar arthroplasties in aged cases with intertrochanteric fractures.Methods There were 23 males and 15 females(at age of 70-93 years, average 76 years)with unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with the third generation cementing techniques and bipolar arthroplasties that were followed up for average 2.4 years.The clinical effect was evaluate with Harris scale,X-ray films and complications.Results Of all,34 cases(89.5%)could walk freely.The average Harris scale was 84.2 points.The average period until walk with full-weight load was 5.6 weeks.The greater trochanters was united in 35 cases(92%)during average 4.2 months.No peri-prothetic ossteolysis and loosening or subsidence occurred.Conclusions Cemented bipolar arthro- plasty has good advantages of reduced laying up period and few complications.The short-term outcome is satisfactory hut the long-term outcome needs deeper observation.

BACKGROUND:Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine minimaly invasive treatment for halux valgus based on wrapped curtain method with “8”-shaped bandage and sub toe pad external fixation has been used for a long time in the clinic. This method abandons the internal implant fixationandexternal plaster fixation. After surgery, patients could take care of themselves. However, theactivity of the broken end may cause fracture nonunion, which once aroused scholars’ question. Recently, with the continuous improvement of foot biomechanics research, foot finite element model and applications become a reality.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate thestability of osteotomy after the operation of wrapped curtain method with“8”-shaped bandage and sub toe pad external fixation on the basis of static finite element method.
METHODS:A young female volunteer with halux valgus was selected, whose body weight was 58 kg, and right foot halux abductor valgus angle was 24°; intermetatarsal angle was 13°; proximal articulator set angle was 7°; distal articulator set angle was 7°. CT was used to scan the right foot. ABAQUS software was applied to establish a finite element model of right foot halux valgus bone, and model of the first metatarsal neck minimaly invasive osteotomy was simulated based on wrapped curtain method with external fixation. Von Mises stress and displacement at the osteotomy endwere calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum stress was 0.067 MPa without external fixation, and the maximum stress was 1.258 MPa with the external fixation. Stress was mainly distributed in the outer edge of the osteotomy. (2) The maximum absolute displacement was 0.363 mm without external fixation, and the maximum absolute displacement was 0.716 mm with external fixation. The two largest displacements were both in the Z-axis direction. Statistical analysis confirmed that the four nodes absolute displacement and stress were significantly different (P< 0.01). (3) The maximum relative displacement was 0.101 mm. The maximum relative displacement was 0.046 mm with external fixation. The maximum relative displacement without external fixation was-0.102 mm and occurred in the Z-axis. The maximum relative displacement with external fixation was 0.110 mm and occurred in the Y-axis. (4) One-way analysis of variance confirmed that the four nodes relative displacements were not statisticaly significant in X-axisand Y-axis (P> 0.05). The four nodes relative displacements were statisticaly significant in Z-axis (P< 0.05). (5) These findings suggest that the external fixation based on wrapped curtain method after halux valgus surgery could effectively reduce osteotomy displacement. The moderate stress and elastic fixation are conducive to fracture healing.

Objective To explore the correlationships between microperfusion diffusion indexes derived from intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)and perfusion values measured by arterial spin labeling (ASL)in renal allograft. Methods A total of 76 renal allograft recipients and 26 age-matched volunteers (group 0)were included in this prospective study. All subjects were underwent conventional MRI, IVIM and ASL MRI which were performed in the oblique-sagittal plane. Seventy-six recipients were divided into two groups based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR):recipients with good allograft function(group 1, eGFR≥ 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2,n=44)and recipients with impaired allograft function(group 2, eGFR<60 ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2,n=32). Three IVIM indexes values, including true diffusion coefficient(ADCslow), pseudo-diffusion coef fi cient(ADCfast), perfusion fraction(PF), and one ASL index value of renal cortex(renal blood flow, RBF)were measured. One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference were used to compare the different of each cortical index values among three groups. Correlations between the ADCslow, ADCfast, PF, RBF and eGFR as well as the correlation among the indexes were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results For cortical ADCslow, ADCfast, PF and RBF values, allografts with good function and impaired function showed significantly differences compared healthy controls(all P<0.01). In allografts with good function, cortical ADCslow,ADCfast,PF showed no significantly differences compared with controls(all P>0.05), but RBF value was significantly lower(P<0.05). The ADCslow, ADCfast, PF and RBF values of renal cortex were significantly lower in allografts with impaired function compared to allografts with good function(all P<0.01). In renal allografts, there were significant positive correlations between cortical ADCslow, ADCfast, PF, RBF value and eGFR(r values were 0.604, 0.552, 0.579 and 0.673, all P<0.01). Cortical ADCfast and PF value exhibited a significant correlation with RBF for recipients(r values were 0.501 and 0.423, all P<0.01). Conclusion Cortical ADCfast and PF values derived from IVIM and RBF measured by ASL show a significant positive correlation in renal allografts.

Purpose To discuss the value of longitudinal assessment of the remaining kidney of the donor and kidney blood oxygen level changes after receiving kidney transplantation by applying blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI. Materials and Methods Sixty patients underwent parental kidney transplantation from Jul. 2015 to Feb. 2017 in Tianjin First Center Hospital were prospectively collected, including 30 healthy kidney transplant donors and 30 recipients corresponding to them. The donors received renal BOLD examination 3 days before and 2 weeks after unilateral nephrectomy. Recipients received renal BOLD examination 2 weeks after kidney transplantation, of which, 15 pairs of patients underwent parental kidney transplantation received renal BOLD examination again six months after surgery. The apparent transverse relaxation rate (R2*) values of the cortex and medulla at different times before and after transplantation were measured and recorded. The differences of R2* values between 30 donors' cortex and medulla in both kidneys before surgery were compared; the differences of R2* values between 30 pairs of subjects' cortex and medulla in remaining and donated kidney within 2 weeks before and after surgery were compared; variance gained through single factor repeated measurement was applied to analyze and compared the difference of R2* values between 15 pairs of follow-up subjects' cortex and medulla in remaining and donated kidney at different time points before and after surgery. Results All 60 subjects received MRI scan, and there was no statistical difference in R2* values between 30 subjects' cortex and medulla in both kidney before surgery (P>0.05). The difference between the cortex and medulla was statistically significant, with R2* value of medulla higher than that of cortex (P<0.01). R2* values of cortex and medulla of the remaining kidney in 30 subjects two weeks after receiving unilateral nephrectomy were lower than those before surgery. R2* value of cortex and medulla of donated kidney were both lowered before surgery, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.01). R2*values of cortex and medulla in remaining and donated kidney of 15 pairs of subjects who have received half a year's follow up were both evidently reduced two weeks after surgery, and R2* values six months after surgery were raised compared with two weeks after surgery, but were still lower than that before surgery, the difference of which were both statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion BOLD MRI can be used for longitudinal monitor of changes in blood oxygen levels in remaining and donated kidney after receiving parental kidney transplantation.

OBJECT: To obtain values of normal human lung and diffuse pathological changes, in order to provide a simple and convenient diagnostic method for measuring human visceral organs in the autopsy of pathology and forensic pathology. METHODS: The exact mass, volume and density of normal and pathological lung were synchronously measured with the intelligentized volume-densimeter made by authors. RESULTS: The date-base about the volume and density of human lung with different races were established for anatomy, anthropology and biodynamics. In two cases of over-load in circulation and water toxicosis, the severe lung edema was proved with the scale of lung density, which was atypical edema in the lung tissue. CONCLUSION Measurement of visceral organs in the autopsy can assist to an integrative pathological diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthropometry/methods* ; Autopsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung/pathology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; Pulmonary Edema/pathology* ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.

This paper is to illustrate the infestation and related ecological characteristics of chigger mites on the Asian house rat (Rattus tanezumi). A total of 17,221 chigger mites were collected from 2,761 R. tanezumi rats, and then identified as 131 species and 19 genera in 2 families. Leptotrombidium deliense, the most powerful vector of scrub typhus in China, was the first major dominant species on R. tanezumi. All the dominant mite species were of an aggregated distribution among different individuals of R. tanezumi. The species composition and infestations of chiggers on R. tanezumi varied along different geographical regions, habitats and altitudes. The species-abundance distribution of the chigger mite community was successfully fitted and the theoretical curve equation was Ŝ (R)=37e–(0.28R)2. The total chigger species on R. tanezumi were estimated to be 199 species or 234 species, and this further suggested that R. tanezumi has a great potential to harbor abundant species of chigger mites. The results of the species-plot relationship indicated that the chigger mite community on R. tanezumi in Yunnan was an uneven community with very high heterogeneity. Wide geographical regions with large host samples are recommended in the investigations of chigger mites.

OBJECTIVEAs newly, functional, diagnostic measure-18F-deoxyglucose single photo emission computed tomography (18F-FDG SPECT-CT) has well sensitivity and specialty , it was proved availability in differentiating benign and malignant tumor. In this study, it was compared the efficiency of detecting residual tumor of thyroid cancer between 18F-FDG SPECT-CT and CT-TWIN.

METHODSDuring May 2004 to August 2004, 56 patients with thyroid disease were divided into two groups, one group was 32 cases suffered thyroid tumor, another was 24 cases suffered improper operation. All cases must take 18F-FDG SPECT-CT and CT-TWIN.

RESULTSForty eight cases had been performed operation, and 8 cases waited and watched because they didn't be found residual tumor by 18F-FDG SPECT-CT and CT-TWIN. The results in detecting thyroid tumor showed that the same rate of diagnostic correction of SPECT-CT was 87.5% (28/32), and the Youden index of SPECT-CT was 0.667, higher than that of CT which was 87.5% (28/32) and 0.633 respectively. When the results two methods were accordant, the rate of diagnostic correction was 100% (24/24), and Youden index was 1, and the result had statistic signification. The rate of diagnostic correction of SPECT-CT in detecting residual tumor was 84.6%, and its Youden index was 0.675. The rate of diagnostic correction of CT in detecting residual tumor was 75.0%, and its Youden index was 0.492; and the result had statistics signification by being compared two different measures.

CONCLUSIONSSPECT-CT and CT all had higher diagnostic efficacy, and they could promote the diagnostic efficacy when they have the same diagnosis in detecting thyroid tumor. The rate of detecting residual tumor of SPECT-CT was 81.3%, compared with that of CT the diagnostic efficacy has greater raise.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm, Residual ; diagnostic imaging ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the types and frequency of gene mutations in children with thalassemia in Kunming, Yunan Province.

METHODSA biochemical screening for thalassemia was performed by testing RBC fragility, MCV and hemoglobin electrophoresis on 1338 children from Kunming, Yunnan Province. Genetic diagnosis was performed on the children with α-thalassemia by gap-PCR and on the children with β-thalassemia by PCR-RDB.

RESULTSThe positive rate of the biochemical screening for thalassemia was 11.36% (152 cases). The positive rate of genetic diagnosis was 8.59% (115 cases). Of the 115 cases, α-thalassemia was found in 43 cases, β-thalassemia in 68 cases and α-combined-β thalassemia in 4 cases.--SEA/αα accounted for 47%, -α4.2/αα accounted for 21%, and HbH disease accounted for 14%. Six genotypes were found in 68 cases of β-thalassemia and the mutation frequency of βE was the highest (32%), followed by CD41-42 (24%), CD17 (23%), IVS-II654 (10%), CD71-72 (10%), and -28 (1%).

CONCLUSIONSThe frequency of gene mutations for thalassemia is high in children from Kunming, Yunnan Province. Premarital and prenatal screenings and genetic diagnosis for thalassemia should be carried out in this area.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mutation ; Thalassemia ; blood ; diagnosis ; genetics