Objective:Human metapneumovirus (hMPV),initially described in 2001,is an enveloped RNA virus of the genus Metapneumovirus,subfamily Pneumovirinae,family Paramyxoviridae. Here we sought to clarify basic features of human metapneumovirus proteins. Methods:Rabbits were immunized with inactivated virons of hMPV Chinese first isolate,CHN05-01,to yield anti-hMPV antiserum. Antiserum was used as primary antibody to detect hMPV proteins by Western blotting. NetNglyc1.0 server,NetOglyc 3.1server and the NetPhos 2.0 server were applied for predicting potential glycosylation and phosphorylation sites of proteins of prototype virus of type A,CAN97-83. Results:The highest reactive titer of the antiserum with hMPV antigens reached 1:500 in ELISA. Potential glycosylation sites of G protein and phosphorylation sites of P protein were greatest among all hMPV proteins. G protein was shown a narrow band with molecular weight between 55 and 72kDa (approximately 68kDa),indicating its glycosylation level being consistent and remarkably different from that of CAN99-80 and CAN99-81. F1 subunit of fusion protein displayed molecular weight between 40 and 55kDa (approximately 48 kDa),which is consistent with previous reports. Conclusion:Basic features of two major membrane proteins of Chinese human metapneumovirus isolate were clarified,which will benefit future studies on protein funtion and pathogenesis of this virus.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI manifestations and clinical features of liver fluke granuloma.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical and imaging data of 5 patients with pathologically confirmed liver fluke granuloma who were hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2010 to September 2015.Results Liver fluke granuloma had slightly low density on CT plain scan,as well as a slightly low signal on T1 weighted images and a slightly higher signal on T2 weighted images of MRI plain scan.Three-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan showed delayed enhancement with mild dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct,and normal vessels ran through the lesion.Conclusion Liver fluke granuloma is a rare disease in chnical practice.A history of eating raw fish,delayed enhancement on three-phase contrast-enhanced CT scan,and normal vessels running through the lesion all contribute to the diagnosis of liver fluke granulomas.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). Methods Seven patients were confirmed as NLPHL by pathologic immunohistochemistry. Six patients received combined-modality therapy of chemotherapy and involved field, and the other one received single chemotherapy. Results The 3-year local control rate and overall survival rate were 100 % and 86 %, respectively. Only one case died of pulmonary infection following chemotherapy. Conclusion These patients with NLPHL has favorable prognosis, tolerance and less toxicity for combined-modality therapy. However the management of toxicity following treatment should be noted.

Feature extraction is a very crucial step in P300-based brain-computer interface (BCI) and independent component analysis (ICA) is a suitable P300 feature extraction method. But at present the convergence performance of the general ICA iteration methods are not very satisfactory. In this paper, a method based on quantum particle swarm optimizer (QPSO) algorithm and ICA technique is put forward for P300 extraction. In this method, quantum computing is used to impel ICA iteration to globally converge faster. It achieved the purpose of extracting P300 rapidly and efficiently. The method was tested on two public datasets of BCI Competition II and III, and a simple linear classifier was employed to classify the extracted P300 features. The recognition accuracy reached 94.4% with 15 times averaged. The results showed that the proposed method could extract P300 rapidly and the extraction effect did not reduce. It provides an experimental basis for further study of real-time BCI system.
Algorithms ; Brain-Computer Interfaces ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Humans ; Principal Component Analysis ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of flupirtine maleate for pain caused by acute lumbar sprain. METHODS:60 patients with acute lumbar sprain were selected and divided into trial group and control group according to even and odd-numbered admission order. Trial group received flupirtine maleate capsule,1 piece/time,3 times/d;control group was giv-en codeine sustained-release tablet,2 tablets/time,2 times/d. The VAS score,clinical efficacy and ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:The VAS score of treatment group after treatment was significantly lower than that of control group,with statis-tical significance(t=2.375,P=0.013). The clinical efficacy of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance (u=9.431,P=0.024). The ADR of trial group was mild,and there was no significant difference between two groups(χ2=0.131,P=0.717). CONCLUSIONS:Flupirtine maleate has a good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of pain caused by acute lumbar sprain.

Objective To explore the causes of the special cases showing the EKG changes of cardiac infarction. Methods To analyse the causes of 30 special cases showing the EKG changes of cardiac infarction between 2000 and 2004. Results Among 30 special cases there were 11 cases of viral myocarditis( 36. 7 % ), 7 cases of acute pancreatitis(23.3% ) ,6 cases of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(20% ) ,4 cases of bile-cyst and heart syn-drome(13. 3% ) and 2 cases of pulmonary embolism(6. 7% ). Conclusions There are many causes showing the EKG changes of cardiac infarction. It isn't the typical symptom of the cardiac infarction. It should be combined with the clinic and be distinguished timely and exactly in order to avoid the misdiagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: Nuclear factor (NF)-?B is an inducible transcription factor detected in neurons, glial and neural stem cells. It is involved in many biological processes such as inflammation and innate immunity, development, apoptosis and anti-apoptosis. This text is aimed to explain the roles of NF-?B in proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural stem cells. DATA SOURCES: The related literatures between January 1987 and September 2006 were collected from the PUBMED with the keywords of "Neural stem cell, Proliferation, Migration, Differentiation/stem cell, Differentiation/NF-?B" in English. STUDY SELECTION: Firstly the articles were checked and quotations attached to these articles were looked over. Inclusive criteria: the content of the articles must be correlated with roles of NF-?B in proliferation, migration, differentiation of neural stem cell. Exclusive criteria: Repetitive research or articles of Meta analysis. DATA EXTRACTION: There were 61 correlated articles, 32 articles accorded with inclusive criteria, and 29 articles excluded were olden or repetitive in content. In 32 collected articles, 4 articles referred to adult neural stem cell, 3 articles referred to NF-?B/Rel family and Ⅰ-?B, 11 articles referred to NF-?B and proliferation of neural stem cell, 8 articles referred to NF-?B and migration of neural stem cell and 6 articles referred to NF-?B and differentiation of neural stem cell. DATA SYNTHESIS: Neural stem cells were characterized by the capability to undergo self-renewal, cell divisions, to migrate and to differentiate into multiple cell types. Stem cells within the adult brain were found within special areas. Neural stem cells experienced the processes of dissociation, immigration and differentiation. NF-?B was a transcription factor, which can bind to specific DNA-sequences and regulate transcription. NF-?B was involved in induction of proliferation under erythropoietin (EPO), hypoxia conditions and brain injury. The inhibitors of NF-?B such as beta-peptide, nitric oxide acted in negative manner on proliferation of neural stem cells. In migration of neural stem cell, NF-?B was necessary for induction of migration caused by macrophage chemo attractant protein-1, stem cell factor, stromal cell derived factor. The differentiation of neural stem cells toward astrocytic, neuronal, oligodendrocytic and glial lineages was determined by specific signaling cascades. Interleukin-6 family could accelerate the differentiation of neural stem cells to horizontal cells. The differentiation of neuroblastoma cells could be joined by NF-?B. CONCLUSION: A great quantity of evidences verifies that NF-?B plays a crucial role in the complicated regulatory mechanism of transcription of neural stem cells.

Objective To investigate the effects of absorbable gelatin sponge, chitosan and sodium hyaluronate(HA) on inhibition of postoperatively epidural scar formation in animal models with posterior discectomy and the concentrations of HA in the cerebral spinal fluid was also determined. Methods 96 Wistar rats older than 12 months were equally allocated into four groups. Each animal underwent a unilateral hemi-laminectomy and discectomy. Absorbable gelatin sponge, chitosan and HA were placed at the sites of surgery in three groups respectively. The fourth group undergone laminectomy and discectomy only, was served as control. At the time of 2,4, 8, 12 weeks postoperatively, 6 rats in each group were sacrificed for gross evaluation, histology and transmission electron microscope studies. The areas of epidural scar and spinal canal were measured by a computer image processor, and were compared statistically. The concentrations of HA in the cerebral spinal fluid in the HA groups and control groups were tested. Results The epidural scar areas in the chitosan and HA groups were significantly less than those in the control and absorbable gelatin sponge groups; no significant difference was found among the spinal canal areas of all the groups at different time phase; the compression and dislocation of the dura and spinal nerve roots and the discontinuity of the annulus fiber were observed in every group and time phase. The two cases with highest concentrations of HA were in the HA group at 2-week. Conclusion Chitosan and HA are able to inhibit the epidural scar formation after posterior discectomy. The healing of the annulus must be considered when evaluating the scar inhibition effects of materials. When the materials are placed in the epidural space, their effects on the central nervous system should be considered.

Etiologic classification of ischemic stroke is the basis for epidemiological investigation, risk factor screening developing individualized treatment plan and prognostic measures. The etiologic classifications, such as TOAST, CCS, and ASCO, are more generally accepted methods at present. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages from the diagnostic criteria and clinical application.

ObjectiveTo compare the sensitivity among three diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma.MethodsA total of 220 patients with multiple myeloma were studied retrospectively to compare thesensitivity, aswellastheirclinicalmanifestations, cellmorphologyinbonemarrowand immunophenotype.Results (1) The sensitivity of domestic diagnostic criterion in 1975 was 79.1％ (174/220) and there were some drawbacks in type identify.The sensitivity of WHO diagnostic criterion in 2001 was 97.3％ (214/220) and the sensitivity of domestic diagnostic criteria in 2011 was 100％. (2) Immunoglobulin level in 12.7％ (28/220) patients was ＜ 30 g/L,plasma cells count in bone marrow in 13.6％ (30/220) was ＜ 10％ ; 2.7％ (6/220) patients had not met the standard in immunity globulin and bone marrow plasma cells count.(3) The immunophenotype was CD38 positive ( 100％ ),restricted light chain (kappa/lambda) and CD19 100％,CD138 (98.2％,216/220) negative.ConclusionsAmong the three diagnostic criteria,the highest was 2011 domestic diagnostic criteria.Comprehensive analysis include clinical manifestations,cell morphology,immunophenotype will contribute to the diagnosis for multiple myeloma.