OBJECTIVE:To prepare compound zinc sulfate oral solution and establish its quality control method. METHODS: The oral solution was prepared with zinc sulfate and lysine hydrochloride as chief components. The content of lysine hydrochloride was determined by coordination titration and uv spectrophotometry, respectively, and the stability of the preparation was investigated. RESULTS: The oral solution was colorless or yellowish, with its identification and test results all in conformity with the related stipulation stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition). The average content of zinc sulfate labeled in the sample stood at 101%. The linear range of lysine hydrochloride was 3.2～9.6 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) and its average recovery rate was 99.75%(RSD=0.27%, n=6). The preparation was stable within 6 months storing under room temperature. CONCLUSION: This preparative technology of compound zinc sulfate oral solution is simple and feasible, and the quality of which is stable and controllable.

[Objective] To investigate the clinical effects in the treatment of gluteus muscles contracture of small incision insidious lysis and three steps rehabilitative drills.[Method]One hundred and eighteen patients were treated with small incision insidious lysis and three steps rehabilitative drills(treatment group),and fifty-six patents with gluteus maximus lysis(control group)from February 1988 to February 2006.Clinical classification of gluteal muscle contracture,mechanism of crook-lateral and spread-lateral limb cross-leg tests designed by the author,main points of small incision insidious lysis and implement of three steps rehabilitative drills were evaluated.[Result]The cases were followed up for 1~8 years,clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Huang Yao-tian's scoring system.The early clinical effect were evaluated after 45 days of operation.All the results showed statistically significant difference(

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.

A novel oral delivery system that TPGS modified docetaxel proniosomes, DTX-TPGS-PN, was developed and the characterization after hydration was observed. Firstly, Doce-TPGS-PN was optimized by investing the factors, including the type of surfactant, methods of adding TPGS, content of TPGS and the molar ratio of span40/cholesterol, which may affecting the particle size, encapsulation efficiency and instantaneous release of drug in the formulation. Then, the morphology, particle size, Zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of the formulation were evaluated. The result showed that hydrated nanoparticles of DTX-TPGS-PNs were (93 ± 6.5) nm in size,(-83.95 ± 3.69) mV in zeta potential, (97.31 ± 0.60)% in encapsulation efficiency, exhibiting spherical morphology and biphasic release process that a low burst effect within the first 0.5 hour and a relative-sustained release for the next several hours in PBS. These results indicate the oral delivery system of DTX-TPGS-PN was successfully built with good properties.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Taxoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Vitamin E ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry

Objective To explore the effects of high-dose ambroxol hydrochloride (Mucosolvan) on pulmonary protection and anti-inflammatory in traumatic brain injury patients treated by mild hypothermia.Methods From June 2008 to June 2012,40 elderly traumatic brain injury patients aged 60-70 years treated by mild hypothermia in our hospital were selected.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:low-dose ambroxol hydrochloride group and high dose ambroxol hydrochloride (n=20,each).Patients in low-dose ambroxol hydrochloride group were treated with ambroxol 30 mg plus saline infusion,3 times/day; while patients in high-dose ambroxol hydrochloride group were treated with ambroxol 300mg plus saline infusion,3 times/day; both groups were treated for 7 days.The changes of characteristic and quantity of sputum,PaO2and PaO2/FiO2,and serum TNF α level were analyzed at day 1,3,7.Duration of mechanical ventilation,tracheotomy proportion,and mortality were compared between the two groups 3 months after treatment.Results At day 3-7 after the intervention,the sputum got thinner and less,and more easy to suck in highdose group than in low-dose group (thin sputum proportion:75％ vs.40％,P =0.025; clean proportion by once suction:65％ vs.25％,P=0.011).The improvement of PaO2,PaO2/FiO2 were more significant in high dose group than in low dose group (PaO2 ∶ 3d,(92.3±12.3) mm Hg vs.(83.3±15.2) mm Hg,P=0.046;7d,(95.9±12.5) mm Hgvs.(87.1±11.7) mm Hg,P=0.028;PaO2/FiO2∶3d,(290.8± 15.8) mmHgvs.(221.8± 16.4) mm Hg,P=0.000;7d,(296.3±16.9)mm Hg vs.(238.4±15.0) mm Hg,P=0.000).Serum concentrations of TNF α was lower in highdose group than in low dose group [3d,(54.1± 4.9) ng/L vs.(71.4± 5.6) ng/L,P=0.000;7d,(35.1± 2.7) ng/L vs.(63.3±4.3) ng/L,P 0.000].Duration of mechanical ventilation was shorter and tracheotomy proportion was lower in high dose group than in low dose group [(116.8±18.7) hrsvs.(178.4±35.5) hrs,P=0.000; 25％ vs.60％,P=0.025].There was no significant difference in mortality between groups 3 months after treatment.Conclusions The application of high dose ambroxol can improve respiratory function,decrease duration of mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy proportion,and reduce the systemic inflammatory response in elderly traumatic brain injury patients treated by mild hypothermia,but without long-term survival benefit.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of fever burden in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.Methods A retrospective analysis of 355 TBI patients admitted to the emergency department and intensive care unit from November 2010 to October 2012 was performed,and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) was followed-up 6 months after the injury.The patients were divided into two groups according to the GOS:good outcome group (4 to 5) and poor outcome group (1 to 3).Relevant clinical findings were studied by statistical description,logistic regression analysis,Spearman correlation analysis and ROC curve analysis.Results Fever burden level was continuously increased with the decrease of GOS from score 5 to 2,except for score 1 of GOS,which was corresponding to a significant lower fever burden.There were significant differences in age,pupil reactivity,Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and fever burden between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the good outcome group,the poor outcome group was featured with more advanced average age (P =0.000),poorer pupil reactivity (P =0.000),lower GCS score (P =0.000) and higher fever burden level (P =0.000).Univariate logistic regression analysis suggested that age,GCS,pupil reactivity and fever burden level (OR 1.166,95％ CI:1.117-1.217) were associatedwith poor outcome.The fever burden level and the other independent prognostic predictors as age,GCS and pupil reactivity were further included in the multivariate logistic regression model,and the adjusted OR of fever burden level was 1.098 (95％ CI:1.031-1.169,P =0.003).ROC curve analysis showed the respective AUC for fever burden was 0.713 (95％ CI:0.663-0.760).The relevant analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between the fever burden and the GOS score (r =-0.376,95％ CI:-0.462--0.283,P =0.000).Conclusions Fever burden can be considered as an independent predictor of poor outcome of patients with TBI.The TBI patients with early onset of high levels of fever burden will have increased poor outcome risk.

Objective To investigate expression changes of Tau protein in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and oligodendrocytes (Ols) after stretch injury in rats and explore the relationship of Tau protein with pathological changes after axonal injury. Methods Morphological changes of optic nerves, RGCs and OLs after stretch injury were examined under light microscope in control group, stretch only group, heat stress only group and heat stress pretreatment plus stretch group. The expressions of Tau protein in RGCs and OLs after heat stress and/or stretch injury were observed by using immunohistechemical stai-ning. Results Pathological changes of axons, RGCs and OLs were identified morphologically or quan-titatively after stretch injury to the optic nerves, which was significantly ameliorated through pretreatment with heat stress plus stretch injury. The expressions of Tau protein in RGCs and OLs were increased in stretch only group. There was no significant expression change of Tau protein in heat stress only group. Expression of Tan protein was obviously decreased in heat stress pretreatment plus stretch group. Con-clusions Both neurons and glial cells are involved in pathological process after axonal injury. The ex-pression changes of Tau protein are probably related to delayed axotomy and neuron apoptosis. Heat stress can relieve the impairment of cystoskeleton through decreasing and delaying the expression of Tau protein.

OBJECTIVETo observe preliminary efficacy of decompressive unilateral improved transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.

METHODSFrom August 2009 to December 2011, 28 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases were treated by decompressive unilateral improved TLIF,including 16 males and 12 females with an average of 61 (aged 46 to 71) years old,the courses of disease ranged from 6 months to 6 years. Among them, 20 cases suffered from lumbar spinal stenosis, 8 cases were lumbar disc herniation. Decompressive range included single segment in 24 cases,and double segments in 4 cases; 15 cases were performed operation on the left side, 13 cases on the right side. JOA lower back pain scoring system (29 points) were applied for evaluate preoperative and postoperative symptoms, physical signs and sphincteral functions;Visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate preoperative and postoperative low back pain.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up 6 to 28 (mean 14) months. Postoperative JOA score and VAS score were 17.9 +/- 2.2, 2.8 +/- 0.7 respectively,and preoperative JOA score and VAS score were 8.5 +/- 1.7, 8.6 +/- 1.2, respectively. There were significant meaning in JOA and VAS scores before and after operation (P < 0.05). Twenty-eight patients were all obtained intervertebral synostosis.

CONCLUSIONDecompressive unilateral improved TLIF for treatment of unilateral radicular lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation,which has advantages of minimally invasive,curative effects,decrease medical costs,is worthy spreading in clinical.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Diseases ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis with 2011 colposcopic terminology of the International Federation for Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (IFCPC) and cervical pathology in cervical lesions. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed, which included 376 patients who underwent colposcopy with 2011 international terminology of colposcopy at Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from September 2014 to November 2014. With conization or cervical biopsy pathology as the gold standard, the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis was calculated and correlations between variables were analyzed. Results With 2011 international terminology of colposcopy, agreement of colposcopic diagnosis and cervical pathology was 60.9%(229/376)perfectly matched, and the strength of agreement with weighted Kappa statistic was 0.401 (P<0.01), and agreement within one grade was 97.6%(367/376), which were improved compared with traditional methods. Colposcopic diagnosis were 19.9%(75/376) overestimated and 19.1%(72/376) underestimated. There were no significant difference between agreements in various grade lesions (χ2=1.996, P=0.573). Positive predictive value of high grade colposcopy or more was 84.4%, the negative predictive value of low grade colposcopy or less was 88.8%, whereas false positives were 3.5%and false negatives were 39.3%. A linear trend among three types of transformation zone and patient ages was found (χ2=45.910, P<0.01), whereas lesion sizes were not linearly correlated with lesion degrees (χ2=0.690, P=0.406). In grade 1, grade 2 and nonspecific findings, thin acetowhite epithelium, dense acetowhite epithelium and Lugol′s non-staining were most frequent, the Youden indexes of each were 0.170, 0.373 and 0.145, 0.069 respectively. Positive predictive value of some other findings (such as fine mosaic) and two new signs (inner border sign and ridge sign) were 100.0%. There were no significant difference between agreements in examiners with different levels of experience (χ2=1.197,P=0.550). Conclusions Compared to traditional methods (such as Reid index), 2011 international terminology of colposcopy could improve the agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and pathologic diagnosis, without significant differences by the severity of lesion and the level of examiners′experience. Common findings were classified reasonably, and some signs were highly reliable, which is important for guiding biopsy. However, the reproducibility of transformation zone types and the implication of lesion size need to be further discussed.