Asthma ; diagnosis ; Exhalation ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Respiratory Function Tests

Objective To study the expression-mode and dynamic transmutation of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in hepatocytes of the mouse model with acute hepatic failure and to study the interaction beween HMGB1 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Methods The mouse model of acute hepatic failure was established by injecting D-galactosamine (D-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Immunohistochemistry SABC method was used to detect the HMGB1 expression at 6 time points. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine serum TNF-α. IL-1β levels. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results The HMGB1 expression was detectable at 2 hours after injection, which dramatically increased over time and peaked at 24 hours after injection. The serum TNF-a level and IL-1β level increased right after injection. The TNF-a level peaked at 8 hours after injection with a maximum value of (473.42±22. 99) pg/mL. The IL-1β level peaked at 2 hours after injection with a maximum value of (724. 49±34. 24) pg/mL. Both cytokine levels slowly decreased after peaking. IL-1β level returned normal with (51. 49±36. 87) pg/mL. Conclusions HMGB1 is one of the most important factors during the development of acute hepatic failure, which can promote the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β at early stage and be abundantly expressed under the effect of these cytokines at middle and late stages with the result of liver damage. This process is directly correlated with the development and severity of hepatic failure.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the diameter ratio of left subclavian artery to aortic isthmus(LSA/AoIS)in fetuses with aortic coarctation(COA).Methods A retrospective study of 79 fetal echocardiographic data was undergone on 49 COA fetuses.The COA cases were divided into four groups according to different gestational week (cases in each group including follow-up review of different gestational weeks):group 1 ,24-27+6 W;group 2,28 -31+6 W;group 3,32 -35+6 W;group 4,36 -39+6 W.The normal fetuses with gestational age matched were also divided into four control groups.The diameter of left subclavian artery(LSA) and aortic isthmus (AoIS) were measured,the ratio of LSA/AoIS of each group were calculated,and the data between the COA and control groups were compared.ROC curve analysis was used for LSA/AoIS to predict the demarcation point of postnatal COA.Results ①There was no statistic difference in the LSA diameter between COA groups and control groups (P >0.05):group 1 (1 .87±0.42)mm vs (1 .75 ±0.25)mm;group 2 (2.25 ±0.36)mm vs (2.21 ±0.22)mm;group 3 (2.74±0.32)mm vs (2.90 ±0.29)mm;group 4 (2.83 ±0.28)mm vs (3.06 ±0.30)mm;②The ratio of LSA/AoIS was significantly increased in COA groups than those in control groups:group 1 (0.88± 0.15) vs (0.66±0.06),group 2 (0.85±0.13)vs(0.64±0.05),group 3 (0.94±0.17)vs(0.73±0.07), group 4 (0.94±0.18)vs(0.70±0.07),the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05);③The cut-off value of LSA/AoIS ratio were 0.78,0.73,0.83,0.78 in each group,respectively.Conclusions The ratio of LSA/AoIS can be used as a useful echocardiographic parameter which suggest the presence of aortic coarctation.This ratio≥0.8 may have a certain diagnostic significance.

Injury of choledocho-pancreatico-duodenal junction refers to the penetrating injury of the bile duct, pancrea-tic duct or duodenal wall in the region of ampulla of Vater. It is often caused by improper operation of surgical instruments, and may lead to leakage of bile, pancreatic or duodenal contents into retroperitoneal space and chemical corrosion in a wide range of retroperitoneal soft tissue, which result in severe secondary infection or even death. Leakage of contrast media, hypertrophy of tissue and anatomical changes were the evidences for injury of choledocho-pancreatico-duodenal junction. Injury of choledocho-pancreatico-duodenal junction can be. divided into 4 types, and treatment selected according to different types of injury is neces-sary for the prognosis of patients.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 is a cell line cultured from human osteosarcoma tissue. To construct cDNA library of this cell line so as to clone target gene from it.OBJECTIVE: To construct cDNA library of osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 by switching mechanism at 5' end of RNA transcript (SMART) technique and analyze its quality.DESIGN: Verified experimental study SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Department of Orthopaedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in May 2005. Osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 was cultured in CO2 incubator. Cells were pre-treated with DM for 30 minutes, recovered for 24 hours in standard culture medium. The whole RNA of osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 was isolated by RNAease reagent kit. The quantity and integrity of total RNA was detected by ultraviolet spectrometer and electrophoresis on a denaturing formaldehyde agarose gel stained by ethidium bromide (EtBr). METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from human osteosarcoma cell OS9607 and mRNA was isolated, cDNA of OS-9607 cells was acquired by in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and long-distance PCR (LD-PCR),then the cDNA was ligated with dephosphorylated λ phage vector. The recombinants were constructed with SMART cDNA library construction kit.The size of cDNA inserts and the diversity of library were detected by PCR.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The quality and integrity of total RNA, the titer of un-amplified and amplified library and recombination fraction; analysis of cDNA length of library RESULTS: ①The concentration of the isolated total RNA was determined and the measuring absorbance was between 260 nm and 280 nm. Its absorptance was about 1.9 A. 0.8％ denaturing formaldehyde agarose gel electrophorosis showed clear 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA,and the brightness rate of 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA (28S/18S) was 2:1. ②After linked to λ phage in vitro, packed and transfected host bacteria, the titer of unamplified library was 2.2×107 pfu/mL, and the titer of amplified 1 ibrary arrived to 4.5×1010 pfu/mL. The recombination fraction analysis showed that there were 8 blue plaques and 1 360 colorless plaques in one plate, so the recombination fraction was 99.5％. ③ The obtained cDNA library consisted of 1.6×106 recombinant bacteriophages and the average exogenous inserts of the recombinants was 1.5 kb.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the obtained osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 cDNA library has high quality, which sets up a firm foundation for the further research on osteosarcoma cell OS-9607 and its elated genes screen.

AIM: To establish an analytical method for detecting 14 kinds of amino acid in Wuling Capsule(xylaria) by HPLC-FLD. METHODS: After being derivated in precolumn with o-phthalaldehyde and ?-mercaptoethanol,the amino acids were eluted by gradient elution and were detected with a fluorescence detector (Ex = 340 nm,Em = 450 nm). The mobile phase consisted of 0. 1 mol/L NaH2PO4 ( adjusted to pH 6. 8 by phosphoric acid) and methanol with a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min,column temperature was set at 30 ℃. RESULTS: The deriva-tives of 14 amino acids with o-phthalaldehyde could be separated with a stable base line within 40 min. The linear range of the detection was 5-200 nmol/mL and correlation coefficients were over 0. 999 0. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and well reproduced for the determination of amino acids in Wuling Capsule.

To explore and identify the therapeutic components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a complex intervention through grounded theory, and the correlation and interaction within this model and the possible effects that they may have on the therapeutic effects of TCM.

Clinical trials play a critical role in medical research. However, only a few clinical trials conducted at present have been registered at various clinical trial registries. Clinical trial registration can prevent bias in these registered trials effectively and avoid unnecessary waste of resources due to meaningless repeats. Moreover, it will benefit the development of evidence-based medicine, and promote human welfare. Great attention has been paid to the importance and necessity of clinical trial registration. This review briefly introduced the definition, justification, contents, history, current status of clinical trial registration, and introduced the information regarding important international clinical trial registries in detail. Clinical trial registration should be developed toward a transparent, compulsory and comprehensive stage.

Hepatolithiasis is a common disease of abdominal surgery,although its incidence appears to decline,China is still a high incidence area with millions of patients with hepatolithiasis.Because of the complex pathogenesis,progressive development and frequent recurrence,it is seriously affecting physical and mental health of patients and quality of life,as well as difficult to define the diagnosis and select treatment methods for hepatolithiasis.The Guideline of the Diagnosis and Treatments of Hepatolithiasis and the Expert Consensus of the Laparoscopic Treatments of Hepatolithiasis (2013 edition) proposed a concise and practical classification system of the hepatolithiasis and summarized the principles of surgical treatments,which includedresecting the lesions,cleaning the stones,correcting the stricture,recovering the drainage and preventing the recurrence .Meanwhile,the application of laparoscopic technique in the treatments of bepatolithiasis was proposed,which played an important role to promote the standard diagnosis and treatments of hepatolithiasis in China.Recent years,more and more evidences from evidence-based medicine further proved the importance of the anatomical hepatectomy in the treatments of hepatolithiasis.With the soaring development of laparoscopic surgery,the combination of laparoscopic hepatectomy with the assistance of other endoscopies are applied more and more frequently.The concept of precise surgery also brings new vitality to the standard diagnosis and treatments of the hepatolithiasis.

The advantages of non-contact medical monitoring radar were introduced compared with the traditional medical monitoring devices. The state of art of three kinds of typical medical monitoring radar schemes over the past decade was reviewed. Researches on breathing and heartbeat signal extraction, isolation and clutter suppression algorithms were summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms were also pointed out. The prospects of non-contact medical monitoring radar were explored finally.